Mitundu yoposa 10.5 zikwi za mbalame imadziwika padziko lapansi. Nambala yomwe ikupatsidwa ikuchepa kwambiri chaka chilichonse, ndipo mbalame zambiri zasowa kale. Anthu akale amatchedwa "zotsalira"; oyang'anira mbalame analibe nthawi yophunzira ndikufotokozera anthu ambiri.
Pakadali pano, oteteza zinyama ndi zinyama abwera kudzamvetsetsa zomwe zasungidwa mbalame zomwe zili pangozi kawirikawiri... Zotsalira zili pansi pa chitetezo cha boma ndikuwongolera mosamala kwambiri. Kukhazikika kwenikweni kwa malo a mbalamezi kumadziwika.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zakutha kwa mbalame zakale:
1. Zachilengedwe. Zoyeserera zambiri sizingakhale m'malo otentha.
2. Kusamukira mumzinda. Pali malo ochepa achilengedwe achilengedwe; mizinda yayikulu yasintha nkhalango ndi zigwa.
3. Zachilengedwe zopanda pake. Mpweya m'mlengalenga ndi m'nyanja zapadziko lapansi zimayambitsa matenda ambiri owopsa.
4. Osaka nyama mopanda chilolezo. Amagwira mbalame zosawerengeka ndikuzigulitsa ndi ndalama zambiri.
Ndikufuna kulemba mayina a mbalame zosowa, chiwerengero chawo padziko lapansi chikuyambira pa makumi khumi mpaka zikwi zingapo. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti malo okha otetezedwa ndi omwe amatha kuteteza mbalame zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha.
Mbalame zofiira za ku Asia
Mbalame yosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi Ndi nsombazi za Red-foot (Asia). Mwachilengedwe, cholengedwa chodabwitsa ichi chimakhala ku Far East ku Russia, China ndi Japan. Malinga ndi kafukufuku woyambirira, kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa mbalamezi kunali 100.
Tsopano ndizovuta kuwerengera molondola, Ibis imakonda kukhazikika m'mitengo yayitali kwambiri komanso m'mapiri a mapiri. Maonekedwe a mbalameyi ndiwokongola: nthenga zoyera zoyera ngati chipale zimaphimba thupi; mulomo, mutu ndi miyendo ndizofiira zofiira; korona amakongoletsedwa ndi chisa chokongola. Chifukwa chakutha kwa mitunduyo akuti ndi kusaka ndi kudula nkhalango kwakukulu.
Mbalame zofiira (Asia)
Kulira kwa mphungu
Mfumu yaku mlengalenga pachilumba cha Madagascar ndi Screamer Eagle. Kwazaka zana zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kudachepa kwambiri, mpaka magulu angapo.
Mbalame iyi yochokera kubanja la nkhamba imakonda ufulu wamtundu uliwonse. Pakadali pano, malowa ndi kachilumba kakang'ono kumadzulo kwa chilumbachi. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika 58-65 cm, mapiko ake ndi 1.5-2 m.
Thupi ndi mapiko akuda, abulauni kapena imvi yakuda. Mbali yapadera ya ziwombankhanga ndi mutu wawo woyera ngati chipale, khosi ndi mchira. Chiwombankhanga chimakonda mapiri, chimakonda kukhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.
Pachithunzicho, mbalameyo imalira chiwombankhanga
Spatelteil
Spatelteil ndi mbalame yaying'ono, yotalika masentimita 10-15 okha mbalame zosowa kwambiri... Kupadera kwa chochitika ichi chagona pakuwoneka kwake.
Kuphatikiza pa kuti thupi liri ndi nthenga zowala, mchirawo ndi nthenga zinayi zokha. Awiri mwawo ndi achidule, ndipo awiri enawo atalikitsidwa, amakhala ndi ngayaye yamtambo wowala kumapeto.
Chifukwa cha nkhalango yowonongeka kwambiri, mbalameyi imakakamizika kusamuka ndipo imangowonekera kumadera akutali a Peru, mwachitsanzo, ku Rio Utkumbuba.
Kujambula ndi mbalame yosowa ya Spatelteil
Cuckoo wadothi
Nkhalango zanyontho zakumwera kwa Sumatra kumakhala anthu oimira banja lacuckoo, Earthen. Mbalameyi ndi yamanyazi kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kuzifotokoza ndikuzijambula pachithunzicho.
Choyamba chidapezeka zaka mazana awiri zapitazo. Zinatenga nthawi yayitali kuti aphunzire zamakhalidwe ndi kulira kwa mbalameyo. Magalasi ndi ma maikolofoni amakamera amakono okha ndi omwe adatha kutenga Earth Cuckoo. Thupi limakutidwa ndi nthenga zakuda zakuda kapena zofiirira. Khungu ndi mchira ndi zobiriwira zakuda. Akatswiri a mbalamezi anawerenga anthu 25 okha.
Pachithunzicho, nkhwangwa yadothi
Bengal bustard
M'chigawo cha steppe komanso chipululu cha Indochina, ndizosowa kwambiri kupeza Bengal bustard. Zifukwa zazikulu zakuchepa ndikosaka kosatha komanso mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo.
M'mbuyomu, mbalameyi inkakhala zigawo zambiri za Nepal, India ndi Cambodia. Bustard imayenda bwino, ngakhale imathanso kuwuluka. Mtundu wa thupi umatha kukhala wotuwa kapena wakuda. Khosi lalitali ndi loyera kapena lakuda. Tsopano pali anthu pafupifupi 500.
Chithunzi cha Bengal
Zam'madzi za Honduran
Honduran Emerald ndiye wopambana kwambiri mbalame yachilendo yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi za mbalame za hummingbird. Ili ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono, pafupifupi masentimita 9-10. Thupi laling'ono lophwanyidwa limakutidwa ndi nthenga zowirira, pamutu ndi m'khosi mtunduwo umafanana ndi utoto wa emarodi.
Mlomo wawutaliwo ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kukula kwa mbalameyi. Malo okhala ndi zitsamba zowirira komanso nkhalango. Nthenga zimakonda nyengo youma, popewa nkhalango zowirira.
Mbalame ya Honduran Emerald
Kakapo
Kakapo ndi wachibale wa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, koma mbalameyi ndi yodabwitsa komanso yokongola mwakuti, podziwa bwino, mukufuna kuyiyang'ana kosatha. Chifukwa chiyani? Mbalameyi imangokhala yopuma ndipo siyidziwa konse kuti kuuluka ndi chiyani.
Malo achilengedwe - New Zealand. Parrot amakhala bwino ndi zokwawa ndi njoka. Ili ndi nthenga zobiriwira zobiriwira, miyendo yayifupi, mulomo waukulu ndi mchira wakuda. Imakonda kukhala m'mabowola, zitsanzo zambiri zimasungidwa m'malo osungidwa, kuthengo nambala yawo imafika anthu 120.
Kujambula ndi mbalame ya kakapo
Kuthamangitsidwa
Palyla ndi mbalame yokongola kwambiri yochokera kubanja la finch. Amatchedwanso "safironi finch maluwa msungwana", wokhala m'paradaiso zilumba za Hawaii. Mlomo ndi waung'ono, kutalika kwa thupi kumafikira 18-19 cm, mutu ndi khosi ndizopaka golide, pamimba ndi mapiko oyera kapena imvi.
Mbalameyi imakonda nkhalango zowuma ndi mapiri ataliatali, imadyetsa mbewu ndi masamba a sophora wagolide. Zinali pafupi kutha chifukwa chodula kwambiri mtengo wamkati.
Pachithunzicho, mbalame yosowa imawombera
Mphungu yaku Philippines
Woimira wamkulu kwambiri pabanja la mbewa ndi chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines, imodzi mwazomwe ndizosawerengeka komanso mbalame zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mbalameyi imawerengedwa kuti ndi chuma chachilengedwe mdzikolo, ndipo zoyipa zilizonse zomwe zimachitika pa mbalameyi ndizolangidwa.
Habitat - malo otentha okha ku Philippines. Anthuwo amatcha mbalameyi "harpy", kuchuluka kwachilengedwe ndi anthu 300-400 okha. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa manambala ndichinthu chaumunthu komanso kuwonongeka kwa malo amoyo wachilengedwe.
Kutalika kwa thupi 80-100 cm, mapiko opitilira mamitala awiri. Msana ndi mapiko ake ndi ofiira, mimba ndi yoyera, mlomo waukulu, zolimba zamiyendo yolimba. Ziwombankhanga zimakonda kusaka anyani awiriawiri.
Mphungu yaku Philippines
Owl Nightjar
Owl Nightjar ndi mbalame yodabwitsa kwambiri komanso yosowa. Amapezeka pachilumba cha New Caledonia chokha. Akatswiri azinyalala anali ndi mwayi wokwanira kuwona ndikufotokozera anthu awiri okha. Mbalame zimayenda usiku, zisa m'mapanga akuya kapena m'mapanga akutali.
Ma Nightjars amakhala osungulumwa, momwe amakhalira tsiku lonse sanaphunzire. Mutu wake ndi wozungulira, thupi limakhala lalitali masentimita 20-30, mulomo ndi wocheperako, wazunguliridwa ndi zipilala zazitali. Munthu amayamba kuganiza kuti mbalameyi ilibe pakamwa, yotchedwa "owl frogmouth".
Nightjar ya Mbalame Kadzidzi
Kodi mbalame zosowa ndi ziti? mu kukula kwa dziko lathu? Zikuwoneka kuti boma lasokoneza pulogalamu yoteteza zinyama ndi zinyama, pali kuwongolera kotheratu anthu opha nyama mosavomerezeka, malo osungira zachilengedwe akupangidwa ... Ndipo komabe, pali mbalame zambiri mdzikolo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha.
Ndi madera aku Far East okha omwe adatsalira mu Russian Federation, momwe mbalame zimakhala m'malo achilengedwe. Dera lakumwera kwa Amur ndi chimodzimodzi pomwe madzi oundana sanafikeko.
Asayansi-ornithologists amagwirizana kuti ana a mbalame zamakedzana adapulumuka pano. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe am'matupi awo ndi zizindikiritso zamoyo zomwe zatha. Ndikufuna kulemba mbalame zosowa kwambirianapeza m'deralo Za Russia.
Diso loyera
Diso loyera ndi mbalame yaying'ono yokhala ndi nthenga zowala, zowirira. Mbali yakumtunda ya thupi ndi mapiko ndizopaka utoto wobiriwira, pamimba ndi potupa ndimtundu wa mandimu. Mlomo ndi waung'ono, chosiyana - diso lazunguliridwa ndi malire oyera.
M'nyumba za m'nkhalango, m'mapiri ndi kunja kwa nkhalango zowirira. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, maso oyera ndi mbalame zotentha, koma pazifukwa zina adasankha nkhalango za Amur. Zimamanga zisa m'nkhalango, zimakhala awiriawiri kapena ziweto, nthawi zina zimakhala zokha.
Pachithunzicho pali mbalame yamaso oyera
Wosaka Paradaiso
Paradise Flycatcher ndi mbalame yotentha yomwe imakhala makamaka ku Korea, China, India ndi Afghanistan. Pazifukwa zosadziwika, mbalamezi zidasamukira kumadera akugombe a Russia ndi Central Asia.
Thupi lokhalitsa limakutidwa ndi nthenga za lalanje pamwamba, mutu wake ndi utoto wabuluu wowala. Wosaka ntchentche ndi mbalame yosamuka, idasankha malo athu chifukwa cha mphukira za chitumbuwa cha mbalame. Amasangalala ndi masamba ndi mbewu za chomerachi. Thupi limakongoletsedwa ndi mchira wautali, wopondaponda, ndipo kakhosi kakang'ono kamatseguka pamutu pakuwuluka.
Mbalame ya paradiso mbalame
Nyanja ya Rose
Rose gull amatanthauza mitundu yosowa ya mbalame chifukwa chakuti malo okhala mbalame ndi ochepa. Mbali yapadera ya kambalame kameneka ndi utoto wake wachilendo wa pinki, womwe kwenikweni umapezeka kawirikawiri.
Dera lachilengedwe limawerengedwa kuti ndi Kolyma, dera pakati pa mitsinje ya Yana, Indigirka ndi Alazeya. Nthawi zina malembo amayenda kupita ku madamu aku America, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri. Zisa zake m'chigawo cha tundra, pomwe pali nyanja zambiri, sizimakonda kukhala ndi anthu. Tsopano mbalameyi ili ndi chitetezo chokhwima ndikuwerengera mosamalitsa chiwerengerocho.
Rose mbalame mbalame
Chimandarini bakha
Woimira bakha wokongola kwambiri ndi bakha la chimandarini, amachokera ku Japan. Habitat - nkhalango zowirira ku Far East (madera a Amur ndi Sakhalin). Bakha wamkulu wa m'nkhalango wokhala ndi nthenga zokongola.
Amakhala m'nkhalango m'mitsinje yamapiri, amasambira ndikusambira bwino, amadya zomera zam'madzi ndi ma acorn. Bakha la Chimandarini ndi ntchentche yabwino kwambiri, komabe, imatha kuwonedwa ikakhala panthambi. Ikuphatikizidwa mu Red Book of Russia. Chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwa ziweto ndi agalu osaka ndi nkhalango, zomwe zimawononga zisa za mbalame.
Kujambula ndi bakha la Chimandarini
Scg Merganser
Scaly Merganser ndi ya anthu akale kwambiri komanso obwezeretsa dziko lathu lapansi. Agogo a bakha amawerengedwa kuti "ichthyornis", kufanana pakati pawo ndi njira yachilendo yamano mkamwa, kukumbukira kukumbukira kwa hacksaw.
Kapangidwe ka thupi ndi kakang'ono, kosasunthika, thupi ndilokulirapo. Mbalameyi imauluka msanga, imadumphira m'madzi komanso imasambira bwino kwambiri. Chakudya chachikulu ndi mwachangu ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Merganser amakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja. Zimaswana m'malo osafikirika, ndizovuta kuwona ndikupeza chisa. Mbali yakumtunda yamthupi ndi chokoleti chachikuda, ndipo pamakhala nthenga zazing'ono zomwe zimapanga mamba.
Pachithunzicho Scaly Merganser
Mwala wamiyala
The thrush yamwala ndi mbalame yosowa komanso yamanyazi yomwe imayimba bwino kwambiri. Amamveka pafupipafupi kuposa momwe amawonera. Malo achilengedwe ndi nsonga za mapiri ndi nkhalango zamkungudza. Chisa chake ndichokwera kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndikosatheka kuwona chisa ndi zowalamulira. Pali zochitika pamene thrush adayika zomangamanga pansi pakati pamiyala. Mbalame yaying'onoyo imakhala ndi mitundu yachilendo ya nthenga.
The thrush imasinthira kumalo ake, imakhala yamtambo kapena imvi. Mimbayo ndi yanjerwa kapena yofiira. The thrush yamiyala ndi woimba wamkulu, ma trill ake amatha kumveka mu utali wozungulira mazana mazana amamita. Mbalameyi imakondanso kutengera mawu ena osangalatsa kwa iye: kulira, kuyetsemula, kulira ...
Pachithunzicho, mbalameyi ndi Stone Thrush
Nkhono za Okhotsk
Nkhono za Okhotsk ndi mitundu yosawerengeka ya mbalame zam'madzi zomwe zimapezeka makamaka ku Far East. Komabe, maulendo ambiri odziwika adapeza mbalamezi m'mbali mwa Nyanja ya Okhotsk, Kamchatka ndi Sakhalin.
Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala masentimita 30-32. Mutu ndi waung'ono kukula ndi mlomo wautali, wokhotakhota pang'ono. Nthengawo ndi imvi kapena bulauni. Amadyetsa ma molluscs ang'onoang'ono, nsomba ndi tizilombo. Pakadali pano, mtundu uwu wa mbalamezi uli pansi mlonda ndipo ali mbalame zosowa, Chiwerengero cha anthu pafupifupi 1000 zidutswa.
Mbalame ya nkhono ya Okhotsk
Magpie abuluu
Magpie abuluu ndiye nthumwi yosowa kwambiri ya banja la Corvidae, wokhala ku East Asia. Amayamikiridwa ndi akatswiri azakuthambo chifukwa cha mtundu wake wachilendo - gawo lalikulu la thupi limakutidwa ndi mtundu wabuluu wonyezimira. Mutu wake ndi utoto wakuda, mzere wolimba umakokedwa pamlomo. Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala masentimita 35-40, pamimba pamakhala beige kapena bulauni wonyezimira.
Chochititsa chidwi - malo a magpie amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtunda waukulu. Gawo limodzi lili ku Europe (Iberian Peninsula), linalo - ku Transbaikalia, dera la Baikal, China, Korea, Japan ndi Mongolia.
Magpie abuluu
Crane wakuda
Kirema wakuda ndiye membala wosowa kwambiri pabanja lake. Amabereka makamaka ku Russia. Crane adatchulidwa mu Red Book, mpaka pano sanaphunzire pang'ono, tsopano pali anthu pafupifupi 9-9.5,000.
Mbalameyi ndi yaing'ono kukula kwake, mpaka kufika masentimita 100 okha. Nthenga ndizotuwa kapena buluu, khosi ndiloyera. Mlomo uli ndi utoto wobiriwira, pali malo ofiira owala pamutu pake, palibenso nthenga m'derali, njira zazifupi zokha zimakuta khungu. Habitat - madambo ovuta kufikapo ndi madambo, amadyetsa chakudya cha zomera ndi nyama.
Pachithunzicho ndi kireni wakuda
Dikusha
Dikusha ndi mbalame yosaphunzira bwino komanso yosawerengeka kuchokera kubanja la grouse. Iye chithunzi ali pamalo olemekezeka pakati osowa pangozi mbalame... Wokhalamo wakale wa taiga ali ndiubwenzi ndipo samawopa anthu.
Pachifukwa ichi imakhala mpikisano wa osaka ambiri. Mbalameyi ndi yaying'ono kukula, ili ndi bulauni, imvi yakuda kapena mtundu wakuda. Pakhoza kukhala mabala oyera mbali ndi kumbuyo. Madera Amur dera ndi Sakhalin. Amadyetsa singano, tizilombo, zipatso ndi mbewu. Kawirikawiri ntchentche, zimayenda makamaka pansi.
Pachithunzicho, mbalameyi ndi ya ku Siberia
Ndikufuna zambiri mitundu yosowa ya mbalame zokondweretsa diso kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimangodalira pa munthuyo, chifukwa mutha kupanga madera otetezedwa omwe mbalame zimakhala zomasuka komanso osasunthira kutali ndi anthu.
