Mmodzi mwa oimira nyama zamapiri ndi mbuzi wachisanu... Nyama iyi ndi ya dongosolo la ma artiodactyls, kubanja la bovids. Mbuzi ya chipale chofewa imakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu - kutalika kumafota: 90 - 105 cm, kutalika: 125 - 175 cm, kulemera: 45 - 135 kg.
Amuna ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa akazi, apo ayi palibe kusiyana pakati pawo. Mbuzi ya chipale chofewa ili ndi mphuno yayitali, khosi lalikulu ndi miyendo yolimba yolimba.
Kukula kwa mbuzi ya chipale chofewa ndikofanana ndi mbuzi zam'mapiri, ndipo mawonekedwe anyanga amafanana ndi mbuzi wamba. Nyanga za nyama ndizochepa: 20 - 30 cm, yosalala, yopindika pang'ono, yopanda mizere yopingasa.
Ubweya waubweya umaphimba nyama ngati malaya amoto ndipo ndi yoyera kapena imvi. M'nyengo yotentha, ubweya wa mbuzi umakhala wofewa komanso wofanana ndi velvet, pomwe nthawi yozizira imakula ndikugwa ngati mphonje.
Chovalacho chimakhala ndi kutalika mofanana mthupi lonse, kupatula miyendo yakumunsi - pamenepo malayawo ndi amafupikitsika, ndipo thukuta lalitali laubweya waukhosi limapachikidwa pachibwano, ndikupanga chotchedwa "ndevu".
Mbuzi wachisanu pa chithunzichi imawoneka yamphamvu kwambiri - malaya akuda imapangitsa kuti izioneka yayikulu. Ziboda za mbuzi ndi zakuda, ndipo nyanga zimatha kusintha utoto wake kuchokera pakuda m'nyengo yozizira kukhala imvi chilimwe.
Ngakhale zili ndi kukula kwake, mbuzi zimatha kuyenda bwino pamapiri ataliatali komanso njira zazing'onoting'ono zamiyala. Mbuzi ya chipale chofewa ndi nyama yomwe imatha kudumpha mamitala 7 mpaka 8 kutalika, ndikusintha njira yolumpha ndikufika pazingwe zazing'ono m'phirimo.
Mbuzi za chipale chofewa zimawona bwino, zimawona adani ali patali, ndipo mosiyana ndi mbuzi zina zam'mapiri, sizithamangira adani, koma zimatha kubisala bwinobwino. Ngati kugundana sikungapeweke, mbuzi zachisanu zimatha kuyesera kuthana ndi chilombo ndi nyanga zake.
Nkhondo ya chipale chofewa
Mbuzi ya chisanu imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake ochezeka. Chifukwa chamapangidwe amiyendo, yomwe imathandiza nyamayo kukhala ndi mawondo apadera, mikangano yambiri imatha kupewedwa.
Malo okhala mbuzi zachisanu
Mbuzi zachisanu zimakhala kumapiri a Rocky kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Alaska ndikufalikira kumayiko a Oregon ndi Montana, komanso ku Olimpiki Peninsula, Nevada, Colorado ndi Wyoming. Ku Canada, mbuzi ya chipale chofewa imapezeka m'chigawo cha Alberta, British Columbia, kumwera kwa Yukon Territory.
Amakhala nthawi yayitali kumtunda kwa nkhalango, kumapiri oundana ndi chipale chofewa. Mbuzi zimakhala moyo wosamukasamuka, zimasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu atatu - 4, komabe, palinso anthu osakwatira.
Mbuzi zikapeza malo oyenera, amakhala mmenemo kwa nthawi yayitali mpaka kutha kwa chakudya. M'nyengo yozizira, magulu angapo amabwera pamodzi ndikupanga gulu lalikulu.
Amakhalabe okha okhala kumtunda kwa mapiri a Rocky, pomwe nyama zina zamapiri zimasamukira kumalo abwino. Madzulo asanafike, mbuzi zimakumba mauna osaya mu chipale chofewa ndi ziboda zawo zakutsogolo ndikugona pamenepo.
Ubweya wawo ndi wandiweyani ndipo salola mbuzi kuti zizizizira m'nyengo yozizira kumapiri. Nyama zimapezeka kumtunda mpaka mamitala 3,000 pamwamba pa nyanja ndipo zimatha kupirira chisanu mpaka madigiri 40.
Mbuzi za chipale chofewa zimakhala ndi adani ochepa achilengedwe. Malo awo, omwe ndi ovuta kudutsa nyama zambiri, amalola mbuzi kukhala ndi anthu ambiri. Komabe, ngoziyo imadza chifukwa cha ziwombankhanga - mbalame zimatha kutaya mwana kuchokera kuphompho; ndipo nthawi yotentha, mbuzi zimatha kusakidwa ndi matumba, omwe amayenda mozungulira malo amiyala.
Tikayang'ana chithunzi cha mbuzi za chipale chofewa m'nyengo yozizira, mtundu woyera umagwira ntchito yofunikira - nyama imadzibisa yokha chisanu. Ngakhale kuti madera omwe mbuzi ya chipale chofewa amakhala kutali kwambiri, ndipo palibe chowopseza kutha kwa mitunduyo, ili pansi pa chitetezo.
Pachithunzicho, kulimbana pakati pa mbuzi zamphongo ziwiri zamphongo
Mbuzi za chipale chofewa sizinasakidwe konse, anthu anali okhutira ndi mitolo ya ubweya wa nyama, yomwe amapeza pamiyala, ndikupangira nsalu zaubweya kuchokera kwa iwo. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo ndi kutentha kwawo, anali amtengo wapatali.
Kodi mbuzi zachisanu zimadya chiyani?
Kudya mbuzi yachisanu atha kutchedwa osiyanasiyana m'malo awo. M'mapiri, amatha kupeza moss ndi ndere chaka chonse, ndikuzikumba pansi ndi chisanu ndi ziboda zawo zakutsogolo.
M'nyengo yozizira, kumapiri, mbuzi zimadya makungwa, nthambi za mitengo ndi tchire. M'chilimwe, mbuzi zimatsika kuchokera kumapiri ataliatali kupita kunyambita zamchere, ndipo udzu wobiriwira, fern, mbewu zakutchire, masamba ndi singano zochokera pazitsamba zochepa zimaphatikizidwanso.
Pachithunzichi, mbuzi yachisanu imadya udzu
Mbuzi zimadya msana m'mawa ndi madzulo, ndipo zimathanso kuyang'ana chakudya usiku wowala wa mwezi. Mbuzi zimadutsa madera akulu - pafupifupi 4.6 km2 zimafunikira kuti wamkulu apeze chakudya chokwanira. Ali mu ukapolo, mbuzi ya chisanu, monga mbuzi zoweta, kuwonjezera pa chakudya wamba, idyani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Mu Novembala - koyambirira kwa Januware, nyengo yokhwima imayambira mbuzi zachisanu. Amuna omwe afika zaka 2.5 akupita m'gulu la akazi. Amuna amapaka khungwa la mitengo ndi nyanga zake, kumbuyo kwake komwe kumakhala zonunkhira, kuti akope akazi.
Izi zimachitika kuti amuna awiri amakhomeredwa m'gululo, motero ayenera kutsimikizirana wina ndi mnzake komanso azimayi omwe ali olimba. Nyama zimatha kudzikuza ubweya wawo ndikuthira nsana wawo, kenako zimakumba pansi ndi ziboda zawo zakutsogolo, posonyeza kudana ndi mdaniyo.
Kujambula ndi nyengo yokhwima mbuzi za matalala
Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, amuna amayenda mozungulira, kuyesa kukhudza mdani ndi nyanga zake pamimba kapena kumbuyo kwa miyendo. Amuna ayenera kusonyeza chikondi chawo ndi kugonjera kwa akazi.
Kuti achite izi, amayamba kuthamanga mwachangu akazi, kutulutsa malilime awo ndi miyendo yopindika. Chisankho chokwatirana chimapangidwa ndi chachikazi - ngati amamukonda wamwamuna, ndiye kuti kukwerako kudzachitika, ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti mkaziyo amamenya chachimuna ndi nyanga zake pansi pa nthiti, potero amuthamangitsa.
Mimba mu mbuzi za chisanu Imatenga masiku 186 ndipo imabweretsa kamodzi kokha, wolemera pafupifupi 4 kilogalamu. Mbuzi, yomwe ili ndi theka la ola, imatha kuyimirira, ndipo itakwanitsa mwezi umodzi imayamba kudya udzu.
Pachithunzicho, mwana wa mbuzi wachisanu
Ngakhale panali ufuluwu, chaka choyamba cha moyo wa mwana chili pafupi ndi amayi ake. Zamoyo za matalala ndi zaka 12 - 25 mwachilengedwe komanso zaka 16 - 20 mu ukapolo.
