Otentha amakhala osachepera 2% yapadziko lapansi. Mwachilengedwe, dera lanyengo limadutsa equator. Kutalika kwa madigiri 23.5 kumatengedwa ngati malire opatuka pamenepo mbali zonse ziwiri. Oposa theka la nyama zadziko lapansi amakhala mu lamba uwu.
Zomera, nazonso. Koma, lero m'maso mwa chidwi nyama zamtchire zamvula... Tiyeni tiyambe ndi Amazon. Malowa ndi okwana 2,500,000 ma kilomita.
Awa ndi malo otentha kwambiri padziko lapansi ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, mapapu ake, omwe nkhalango zake zimatulutsa 20% ya mpweya m'mlengalenga. Pali mitundu 1800 ya agulugufe m'nkhalango ya Amazon. Zokwawa mitundu 300. Tiyeni tikhale pazopadera zomwe sizikukhala m'malo ena apadziko lapansi.
Mtsinje wa dolphin
Monga ma dolphin ena, ndi a nkhamba, ndiye kuti, ndi nyama. Nyama zimakula mpaka 2.5 mita ndi 200 kilogalamu. Awa ndi ma dolphin akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuphatikiza apo, amasiyana mitundu. Misana ya nyama ndi yoyera imvi, ndipo pansi pake pamakhala pinki. Wakale dolphin, ndiye wopepuka pamwamba pake. Kokha mu ukapolo, matendawo samakhala oyera ngati chipale chofewa.
Ma dolphin a Amazon amakhala ndi anthu osaposa zaka zitatu. Kukula msinkhu kumayambira 5. Chifukwa chake, ana omwe ali mu ukapolo, akatswiri a zoo sanadikire ndikusiya kuzunza nyama. Monga momwe mumamvetsetsa, palibe azipembedzo za Amazonia mu dolphinarium yachitatu yapadziko lonse lapansi. Kudziko lawo, mwa njira, amatchedwa inya, kapena bouto.
Mtsinje wa dolphin kapena inya
Masewera a Piranha
Trombetas ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimapezeka ku Amazon. Zinyama zotani m'nkhalango yamvula kuyambitsa mantha? Mndandanda wa mayina, pakhoza kukhala ma piranhas. Pali zochitika pomwe adakukuta anthu.
Mabuku ambiri alembedwa pamutuwu, makanema apangidwa. Komabe, mtundu watsopano wa piranha umakonda udzu, algae, kukhala mnofu. Chakudya cha nsomba, nsomba zimadya mpaka makilogalamu anayi. Kutalika kwa Trambetas piranha kumafika theka la mita.
Trumbetas piranha
Jumper yofiira ndevu (mkuwa)
Ikuphatikizidwa mu nyama zakutchire zosangalatsa zaka 3 zokha zapitazo. Mtundu watsopano wa nyani udapezeka m'nkhalango ya Amazon mu 2014 paulendo womwe bungwe la World Wildlife Fund lidachita.
"M'mapapu apadziko lapansi" adapeza mtundu watsopano wa 441-yin. Pali nyama imodzi yokha pakati pawo - jumper ya ndevu zofiira. Nyani amadziwika kuti ndi wamphongo yayikulu. Mwina, kulibe opitilira 250 padziko lapansi.
Nyama zimakhala ndi amuna okhaokha, zitapanga awiri, sizisintha ndikukhala padera ndi ana awo. Olumpha akamakondana, amadzipukuta, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osiyana ndi anyani ena.
Kujambulidwa ndi nyani wolumpha mkuwa
Mwinanso watayika
M'Chilatini, dzina la mitunduyo limamveka ngati Alabates amissibilis. Ili ndiye chule laling'ono kwambiri. Mtundu womwe watsala pang'ono kutha. Kuvuta kwakudziwika kwake kumakhudzanso kukula kwake. Alabates ndi achule pafupifupi kukula kwa chikhadabo.
Ndi beige ndi bulauni wokhala ndi mikwingwirima m'mbali. Ngakhale ndi ang'onoang'ono, achule amtunduwu ndi owopsa, chifukwa chake sioyenera zakudya zaku France, ngakhale zitakhala kuti sizotetezedwa.
Chule kakang'ono kwambiri Alabates amissibilis
Herbivore dracula bat
Zikuwoneka zowopsa, koma zamasamba. Dracula ndi mleme. Pamaso pake pamatuluka khungu lotchedwa tsamba lamphuno. Kuphatikizidwa ndi maso otakata, maso opendekera, kutuluka kumapangitsa mawonekedwe owopsa.
Timaphatikizapo makutu akulu ndi osongoka, milomo yotsatiridwa, imvi, mafupa. Likukhalira fano ku maloto owopsa. M'malo mwake, ziwanda zodyetsa zimagwira ntchito usiku. Masana, nyama zimabisala mu nkhata za mitengo kapena mapanga.
Herbivorous bat dracula
Moto salamander
Dzina la mitunduyo, mpaka pano, zowombetsa mkota, limatanthauza salamanders. Anali abale awo omwe anapezeka m'malo otentha pafupi ndi Amazon. Dzina la sayansi la mitunduyo ndi Cercosaura hophoides. Buluzi ali ndi mchira wofiira.
Thupi ndi lakuda ndi mitsempha yopyapyala yachikaso. Asayansi akhala akuganiza kuti mitunduyo ilipo kwanthawi yayitali. M'mayiko a Colombia anapeza mazira angapo a zokwawa zosadziwika.
Komabe, palibe bambo kapena mayi omwe amapezeka. Mwina buluzi yemwe adapezeka mu 2014 ndi kholo la clutch. Akatswiri a zoologist amaganiza kuti Cercosaura hophoides sioposa zaka zana.
Pachithunzicho pali chowotcha moto
Okapi
Anthu aku Okapi atsala pang'ono kutha. Umenewu ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa chithaphwi. Idawonetsedwa kwa akatswiri azanyama aku Western ndi ma pygmies. Izi zinachitika mu 1900. Komabe, zokambiranazi zili kale zokhudzana ndi nkhalango zaku Africa, makamaka nkhalango za ku Congo. Tiyeni tipite pansi pa denga lawo.
Kunja, nyongolotsi iyi imawoneka ngati kavalo wokhala ndi khosi lakutali. Mosiyana ndi izi, khosi la nyamalikiti wamba ndi lalifupi. Koma okapi ali ndi chilankhulo chosamveka bwino. Kutalika kwa chiwalo kumakupatsani mwayi wofikira masamba osangalatsa, komanso kutsuka maso nyama. Dziko lamvula yamvula okapi analimbikitsanso mtundu wabuluu wa lilime.
Za mtundu wa malayawo, ndiye chokoleti. Mikwingwirima yoyera yoyenda imawonekera pa miyendo ya akadyamsonga. Ophatikizidwa ndi bulauni yakuda, amakumbutsa mitundu ya mbidzi.
Okapi ndi makolo ofatsa. Izi nyama zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango yamvula, Amakonda ana kwambiri, samachotsa maso awo pa iwo, amawateteza ku dontho lotsiriza la magazi. Popeza kuchuluka kwa okapi, sizingakhale choncho. Mitunduyi idalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo mwana aliyense amayenera kulemera ndi golide. Miyandamiyanda ingapo sinabadwe. Mimba imodzi - mwana mmodzi.
Tetra Congo
Iyi ndi nsomba ya banja la haracin. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 1,700 mmenemo. Dziko la Congo limangopezeka mumtsinje wa dzina lomweli. Nsombayi imakhala ndi utoto wowala wabuluu-lalanje. Amawonetsedwa mwa amuna. Akazi "amavala" modzilemekeza kwambiri.
Zipsepse za mitunduyo zimafanana ndi zingwe zabwino kwambiri. Kutalika kwa Congo kumafika masentimita 8.5, ndi amtendere. Malongosoledwewo ndi abwino kwa nsomba zam'madzi. Vuto limasungidwa kunyumba. Congo imakonda nthaka yakuda. Nsomba imodzi imafuna madzi okwanira pafupifupi 5 malita.
Tetra Congo nsomba
Balis wononga
Amatanthauza ma shrew, amakhala kum'mawa kwa Africa. Malowa ndi 500 kilomita lalikulu. Minks za nyama sizipezeka kutalika kwake konse, koma m'malo 5 okha. Zonsezi zimawonongedwa ndi munthu.
Nyama ili ndi mphuno, thupi lokwera, mchira wopanda ubweya, ubweya waufupi. Mwambiri, kwa ambiri, mbewa ndi mbewa. Vuto la kupulumuka kwake ndikuti chinyama sichikhala maola opitilira 11 opanda chakudya. M'mikhalidwe yangozi ndi njala, omaliza amapambana. Pamene kanyumba kamagwira kachilomboko, ena amaigwira.
Balis shrew mbewa
African marabou
Amatanthauza adokowe. Chifukwa chodziwika bwino, mbalameyi idatchedwa kuti wothandizira. Amakhala m'gulu la mbalame zazikulu kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza mitundu youluka. Mbalame ya ku Africa imakula mpaka mita 1.5.
Nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwake kwa nyama kumakhala pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 10. Mutu wopanda kanthu umachepetsa chiwerengerocho pang'ono. Kusowa kwa nthenga kumawulula khungu lakunyinyirika ndikutuluka kwakukulu pakhosi, pomwe mbalameyo, ili pansi, imapinda khomo lofanana.
Maonekedwe, monga akunena, si a aliyense. Osati pachabe kuti nyama anapangidwa ngwazi za mabuku zambiri zamatsenga, kumene mbalame chimalimbikitsa osachepera mantha. Chitsanzo ndi Irwin Welch's Nightmares of the Marabou Stork.
Tsopano, tiyeni tipitirire kumadera otentha a ku Asia. Amadzazidwanso ndi nyama zosawerengeka. Koyamba, mayina a ena a iwo ndi odziwika. Mwachitsanzo pachilumba cha Sumatra, amanyadira nkhumba. Zowona kuti ndizachilendo zikuwonetsedwa ndi chiyambi cha dzina la chilombo.
Pachithunzicho mbalame ya ku Africa
Nkhumba za ndevu
Amawoneka ngati nguluwe kuthengo kuposa nkhumba zoweta. Chakumapeto kwake, thupi ndi lalifupi komanso miyendo imakulanso. Mlomo wa ungulate waphimbidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali, lopotana. Amakhala olimba komanso amafanana ndi thupi lonse.
Mtundu wake uli pafupi ndi beige. Chirombo chikudziwa nyama ziti zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango yamvula, chifukwa amadyetsa osati chakudya chomera chokha, komanso amatsogola. Zowona, amuna okhala ndi ndevu sangathe kukhala obisalira ndi kuthamangitsa anthu.
Nkhumba zimatenga mapuloteni kuchokera ku mphutsi ndi mphutsi zomwe zimatuluka pansi. Nyama zimamumba m'nkhalango zamitengo, komwe amakhala. Nkhumba za ndevu ndi zazikulu. Kutalika, nyamazo zimafika masentimita 170. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi makilogalamu 150. Mwamuna wa ndevu ndi wocheperako pang'ono mita.
Nkhumba ya ndevu imathanso kudya mphutsi ndi mphutsi
Chimbalangondo cha dzuwa
Ndiwochepa kwambiri m'banja la zimbalangondo. Izi nyama zamtchire zamvula komanso chachifupi kwambiri mkalasi. Koma kukwiya kwa zimbalangondo zam'mlengalenga sikugwira.
Ndi owala, mwa njira, osati chifukwa chamakhalidwe abwino, koma chifukwa cha uchi mtundu wa mphuno ndi malo omwewo pachifuwa. Pamtundu wofiirira, umalumikizidwa ndi kutuluka kwa dzuwa.
Mutha kuwona dzuwa likunyamula pamitengo yotentha ya India, Borneo ndi Java. Nyama sizigwera pansi kawirikawiri. Chifukwa chake, nyamazo zimasunga, pafupi kwambiri ndi dzuwa, zimakhalanso zopambana kwambiri mkalasi.
Ngakhale zimbalangondo zotentha kwambiri ndimapazi oyenda kwambiri. Mkati mukamayenda, osati kutsogolo kokha komanso mapazi akumbuyo amatembenuka. Mawonekedwe ena onse ndiopanda pake. Mutu wa chimbalangondo ndi chozungulira ndi makutu ndi maso ang'onoang'ono, koma chinkhungu chachikulu. Thupi la nyama, mbali inayi, ndi lalitali.
Chimbalangondo cha dzuwa chimatchedwa ndi dzina lakuwala komwe kuli pachifuwa ndi pakamwa.
Tapir
Ikuphatikizidwa mu kufotokoza kwa nyama zamtchire kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. M'masiku akale, idakhazikika paliponse. Masiku ano, malo okhala atsika, monganso chiwerengero. Tapir mu Red Book.
Nyamayo imawoneka ngati mtanda pakati pa nkhumba zakutchire ndi nyama yolusa. Mphuno yayitali, yokumbutsa thunthu, imathandizira kufikira masamba, kubudula zipatso ndi nsomba zipatso zomwe zagwa kuchokera padenga la nkhalango.
Tapir amasambira bwino ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mphuno yake popha nsomba. Ntchito yake yayikulu ilinso m'malo. Lingaliro la kununkhira limathandizira kupeza okwatirana ndi kuzindikira zoopsa.
Ma tapir amasiyanitsidwa ndi kubala kwanthawi yayitali kwa ana. Amabereka pafupifupi miyezi 13 kuchokera pamene mayi atatenga pathupi. Oposa mwana mmodzi sabadwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kutalika kwa moyo wa matepi ndizaka 30.
Zimakhala zowonekeratu chifukwa chake mitunduyo ikufa. Ngakhale ali otetezedwa, ma tapir ndi nyama yolandiridwa ... ya akambuku, ankhondas, agalu. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu komanso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa.
Panda
Palibe mndandanda umodzi wathunthu wopanda izi "mayina azinyama zam'mvula yamvula". Odwala ku China amakhala m'minda ya nsungwi ndipo ndi chizindikiro cha dzikolo. Kumadzulo, adaphunzira izi m'zaka za zana la 19 zokha.
Akatswiri a zoo ku Europe akhala akutsutsa ngati panda iyenera kusankhidwa ngati ma raccoon kapena zimbalangondo. Kuyesedwa kwa majini kunathandiza. Nyamayo imadziwika kuti ndi chimbalangondo. Amakhala moyo wobisika m'zigawo zitatu za PRC. Izi ndi Tibet, Sichuan, Gansu.
Panga ali ndi zala 6. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi mawonekedwe chabe. Ili ndiye fupa lamanja lomwe lasinthidwa. Chiwerengero cha mano akupera chakudya chomera sichikulanso.
Munthu amachepetsedwa kasanu ndi kawiri. Ndikutanthauza, panda ali ndi mano oposa 200. Amakhala pafupifupi maola 12 patsiku. 1/5 yokha ya masamba odyedwa ndi omwe amalowetsedwa. Poganizira kuti ma pandas samabisala, nkhalango zam'mvula zimapulumutsidwa pokhapokha ndikukula msanga kwa mamitala angapo patsiku komanso zimbalangondo zochepa zokha.
Timaliza ulendowu ndi Australia. Lamba wake wam'malo otentha amakhudzanso. Kontinentiyo yasiyidwa. Nkhalango zotentha zimangokula m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Gawo lawo lakummawa liphatikizidwa ndi UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tiyeni tiwone za chidwi choterechi.
Chisoti cassowary
Iyi ndi mbalame ya nthiwatiwa, siuluka. Dzinalo la mitunduyo ndi Indonesia, lotanthauzidwa kuti "mutu wamanyanga". Khungu limatulukira pamtunduwu limafanana ndi chisa cha tambala, koma lakuthupi. Palinso mawonekedwe ofanana a ndolo pansi pamlomo. Ndi ofiira, koma owonda komanso otalikirapo kuposa tambala. Nthenga zomwe zili pakhosi ndi zamtundu wa indigo, ndipo utoto wake ndi wakuda buluu.
Maonekedwe okongola amaphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu. Mlandu umasungidwa pomwe ma cassowaries amapha munthu ndi kick. Ndi chifukwa cha cassowaries kuti mapaki angapo aku Australia adatsekedwa kuti asawonedwe.
Mbalame sizikhala zaukali nthawi zonse. Maganizo azodzitchinjiriza amadzipangitsa kumva. Mphamvu ya nkhonya imadziwikiratu pa 60 kilogalamu ya kulemera ndi kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka. Miyendo ndi gawo lamphamvu kwambiri la cassowaries, monga nthiwatiwa zina.
Chisoti cassowary
Wallaby
Dzina lachiwiri la mtunduwo ndi kangaroo wamtengo. Koyamba, zimawoneka ngati chimbalangondo. Chovala chokhuthala, chokhuthala chimakwirira thupi lonse. Chikwamacho sichimawoneka msanga. Mwa njira, mwana m'menemo amatha kukhala mpaka kalekale.
Nthawi zoopsa, ma wallabies amatha kuimitsa ntchito. Physiologically, amayenera kupitilira chaka chokwanira atakhala ndi pakati. Zimachitika kuti mwana amafa osadikirira m'mapiko. Kenako, mwana wakhanda amabwera m'malo mwake, woyamba kubadwa wakhanda, osasamalira yekha.
Asayansi akukayika chiyembekezo chawo pa kangaroo wamtengo wapatali wopulumutsa anthu. Mimba wamkati amatha kupanga methane. Pakakhala kutentha kwanyengo, izi zidzakuthandizani osati kokha pamakoma, komanso anthu.
Akusokonezanso ubongo wawo chifukwa cha kutentha kwa ma kangaroo amtengo. Mitunduyi imatha kutentha thupi kutentha. Palibe munthu m'modzi yemwe wamwalirabe ndi kutentha kwambiri, ngakhale wopanda mthunzi komanso zakumwa zambiri.
Woody wallabies amatchedwa chifukwa cha moyo wawo. Kuwona nyama kwawonetsa kuti ambiri amafera pachomera chomwe adabadwira. Apa alenje adapeza khoma.
Kuukira komwe kudaliraku kudalengezedwa chifukwa chongopeka kuti tsiku lina chilombocho chidagunda mwana. Izi sizinalembedwe, komabe, anthu ali pachiwopsezo.
Kutetezedwa kwa nyamayo kunathandizira kuletsa kuwonongedwa. Anthu masauzande makumi angapo sali okwanira kupulumutsa umunthu. Chifukwa chake, poyambira, adzapulumutsidwa ndikuchulukitsidwa.
Mtengo wa kangaroo wallaby
Koala
Popanda iye, monga ku Asia kopanda panda, mndandandawo ukadakhala wosakwanira. Koala ndi chizindikiro cha Australia. Nyamayo ndi ya wombat. Awa ndi ma marsupial okhala ndi ma incisors awiri. Otsatira atsamunda aku kontrakitala adaganiza kuti koala ndi zimbalangondo. Zotsatira zake, dzina lasayansi la mitundu ya phascolarctos limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chi Greek kuti "kunyamula ndi thumba."
Monga ma pandas omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nsungwi, ma koala amangodya bulugamu. Nyama zimakhala ndi masentimita 68 kutalika ndi kilogalamu 13 zolemera. Anapeza zotsalira za kholo la koalas, lomwe linali lokulirapo pafupifupi 30.
Monga ma wombat amakono, akale anali ndi zala zazikulu za m'manja pa chilichonse. Zala zimayika pambali zothandizira kugwira ndi kudula nthambi.
Pofufuza makolo akale a koala, asayansi afika pamalingaliro kuti mitunduyo ndiyotsitsa. Pamutu wa anthu amakono, 40% yamadzimadzi a cerebrospinal. Kuphatikiza apo, kulemera kwa ubongo sikupitilira 0.2% ya kuchuluka kwa ma marsupials.
Chiwalocho sichimadzaza ngakhale crani. Makolo a koala anali otero. Akatswiri a zoo amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa chosankhira zakudya zopatsa mafuta ochepa. Ngakhale, masamba amadyedwa ndi nyama zambiri zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nzeru zawo zachangu.
Ndikukumbukira koyambirira kwa nkhaniyi, pomwe akuti kotentha sikungochepera 2% yapadziko lapansi. Zikuwoneka pang'ono, koma moyo wochuluka bwanji. Chifukwa chake ma koala, ngakhale samasiyanitsidwa ndi luntha, amalimbikitsa mayiko athunthu.
Ndipo, zomwe gehena sinyoza, pamaso pa nyama ndibwino kuti tisalankhule zamaganizidwe awo, mwadzidzidzi timakhumudwa. Koalas ndi akhungu, motero amakhala ndi kumva kwabwino.
