Anthu ambiri okhala m'munsi mwanyanja zam'madzi opanda ziwopsezo amakhala pachiwopsezo ku moyo wa anthu. Mitundu yambiri ya jellyfish imapanga mankhwala owopsa omwe, akangolowa m'thupi la munthu, amayambitsa zizindikilo zingapo zosasangalatsa komanso zowopsa. Jellyfish irukandji m'modzi mwa anthu ochepa kwambiri komanso owopsa kwambiri m'madzi okhala m'madzi.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nsomba za Irukandji
Gulu la irukandji la nyama zopanda mafupa limaphatikizapo mitundu 10 ya nkhono, ndipo pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu aliwonse amatha kupanga poizoni wamphamvu kwambiri.
Zowona zoyamba za moyo wam'madzi zidasonkhanitsidwa mu 1952 ndi wophunzira G. G. Flecker. Anapatsa dzinali nsomba "irukandji", Polemekeza fuko lomwe limakhala ku Australia.
Ambiri mwa anthu amtunduwu anali asodzi omwe adakumana ndi zovuta atasodza. Zinali izi kuti academician chidwi, kenako anayamba kuchita kafukufuku wake.
Anapitiliza kafukufuku wake mu 1964 ndi Jack Barnes. Dokotala anayesa mwatsatanetsatane zotsatira zonse za kulumidwa ndi jellyfish: adagwidwa ndi msana ndipo adadzibaya yekha ndi anthu ena awiri, pambuyo pake adapita nawo kuchipatala, komwe adalemba matenda onse a poizoni wolowa mthupi la munthu.
Kuyesera kunatsala pang'ono kutha mwachisoni, koma mwamwayi kunapewa. Polemekeza m'modzi mwa omwe anapeza a Barnes, nkhono zotchedwa Carukia barnesi. Pachithunzicho Irukandji siosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya jellyfish, koma izi sizowona kwathunthu.
Jellyfish ili ndi thupi lolamulidwa, maso, ubongo, pakamwa, zokhoma. Kukula irukandji amasintha mosiyanasiyana 12-25 mm (ndipo uku ndi kukula kwa mbale ya msomali wa chala chachikulu).
Nthawi zina, kukula kwa munthu kumatha kukhala 30 mm. Invertebrate imayenda pa liwiro la 4 km / h pochepetsa mwachangu dome. Maonekedwe a thupi la jellyfish amafanana ndi ambulera kapena dome loyera poyera.
Chigoba cha nyama yakupha yam'madzi chimakhala ndi mapuloteni ndi mchere. Ili ndi mahema anayi, kutalika kwake kumatha kutalika kwa mamilimita angapo mpaka 1 mita. irukandji yokutidwa ndi maselo strech, amene ali ndi udindo yopanga mankhwala chakupha.
Miyendo imatha kutulutsa poyizoni ngakhale itasiyana ndi thupi la nsomba. Ngakhale kukula kwa poyizoni irukandji ka 100 poizoni woposa wa poizoni wa mphiri.
Jellyfish yowopsa imaluma pafupifupi mopanda ululu: poyizoni amatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa mahema - izi zimathandizira kuti ichitepo pang'onopang'ono, ndichifukwa chake kuluma sikumveka.
Mphindi 20 poizoni atalowa mthupi, munthu amamva kupweteka kwakumbuyo msana, mutu, pamimba, minyewa, kuphatikiza apo pali nseru, nkhawa, thukuta, kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso mapapo amatupa.
Zowawa zomwe zimabwera zimatha kukhala zazikulu kwambiri kotero kuti ngakhale othetsa ululu wamankhwala amalephera kuwaletsa. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha kuwawa kwambiri komwe sikumatha tsiku lonse, munthu amamwalira.
Zizindikiro za kuluma kwa nsomba zam'madzi zimatchedwa Matenda a Irukandji... Palibe mankhwala a poizoniyu, ndipo zotsatira zake zokakumana ndi kanyama kakang'ono koopsa zimangodalira kuthekera kwamunthu wamitsempha yamunthu kupirira kukakamizidwa.
Moyo wa Irukandji komanso malo okhala
Jellyfish imakhala pansi pa 10 mpaka 20 m, koma imapezekanso pagombe losaya. Chifukwa chakuti irukandji akukhala mozama kwambiri, anthu omwe akudumphira ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokumana nacho.
Omwe amapita kutchuthi nawonso amakhala mgulu lazowopsa munthawi yomwe nsomba zam'madzi zimayandikira kufupi ndi gombe. Ma board ambiri akhazikitsidwa pagombe la Australia ndi zambiri zaku irukandjikuchenjeza anthu za ngozi zomwe zingachitike: maukonde, omwe amaikidwa m'madzi m'malo osambira, amapangidwira anthu okhala m'madzi (mwachitsanzo, mavu am'madzi) ndikuloleza kanyama kakang'ono kudutsa.
Irukandji amatsogolera moyo wamtendere: masana ambiri amayenda m'madzi apansi pamadzi. Mdima utayamba, nyama zopanda msana zimayamba kufunafuna chakudya.
Jellyfish ili pamadzi olondola chifukwa chakutha kusiyanitsa pakati pa kuwala ndi mdima wamadzi. Masomphenya ake ali pa gawo la kuphunzira, chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuti tiweruze zomwe cholengedwa chikuwona.
Irukandji jellyfish amakhala m'madzi omwe amatsuka kontinenti ya Australia: awa makamaka ndimadzi omwe ali pafupi ndi kumpoto kwa dzikolo, komanso madzi ozungulira Great Barrier Reef. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwanyengo, yawonjezera malo ake okhala: pali zidziwitso kuti amapezeka pafupi ndi magombe a Japan ndi United States.
Chakudya
Irukandji akudya motere: ma nematocyst (maselo obaya) omwe amakhala mthupi lonse la nyama zopanda mafupa amakhala ndi njira zomwe zimafanana ndi supuni.
Msuziwo umagwera m'thupi la plankton, makamaka m'matumba a nsomba zazing'ono, ndipo umayambitsa poizoni. Pambuyo pake, nsomba zam'madzi zimamukoka m'kamwa ndipo zimayamba kukhathamiritsa nyama.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa irukandji
Kuyambira biology jellyfish irukandji osaphunziridwa bwino, pali lingaliro loti amaberekana mofanana ndi nsomba za cuboid. Mahomoni ogonana amabisidwa ndi amuna ndi akazi, pambuyo pake umuna umapezeka m'madzi.
Dzira la umuna limatenga mawonekedwe a mbozi ndikuyandama m'madzi kwa masiku angapo, pambuyo pake imamira mpaka pansi ndikukhala polyp yomwe imatha kuyenda. Patapita kanthawi, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthawi yeniyeni ya jellyfish sichidziwika.
