Tsitsani - marsupial yaying'ono, osakulirapo kuposa mphaka. Kuphatikiza pa dzinalo - marsupial marten, ndikufanana pang'ono kwakwathu, kwoll ilibe chochita ndi ma martens - ndi nyama yolusa ya marsupial.
Za, ma kwolls ndi ndani, kwa nthawi yoyamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 adauzidwa ndi woyenda waku England, wofufuza komanso wopeza James Cook mu "Kufotokozera Maulendo" ake. Nyamazo anakumana nazo paulendo wopita ku Australia komanso pachilumba cha Tasmania.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a quoll
Kufotokozera Zolemba zimatha kuyamba ndikuti nyamayi nthawi zambiri imafaniziridwa ndi ferret, marten, kapena mongoose - ndipo zowonadi zake, pali kufanana kwina kulikonse ndi nyama zonsezi.
Dzinalo la Chingerezi kvolla limatanthauza "mphaka wam'maiko akum'mawa" - komabe, lingafanane ndi mphaka chifukwa chochepa.
Zowonadi, kulemera kwakukulu mwa amuna ndi makilogalamu awiri, mwa akazi ngakhale ochepera, pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi, pafupifupi, ndi 40 masentimita.
Pachithunzicho, nyama ndi kwoll
Mchira wa quoll ndiwotalika, kuyambira masentimita 17 mpaka 25, wokutidwa ndi ubweya. Miyendo ndi yaifupi, ya kumbuyo imakhala yamphamvu komanso yamphamvu kuposa yakutsogolo. Mphuno ndi yopapatiza, kuloza mphuno, ndi makutu amfupi, ozungulira.
Ubweya wa quoll ndiwofewa kwambiri, silky, komanso wandiweyani. Mtundu wake umasiyana kuyambira pachikasu choyera mpaka pafupifupi chakuda, ndimadontho ofunikira ang'onoang'ono ndi akulu oyera obalalika kumbuyo.
Chodziwikiratu kuti ma quall ndi kupezeka pamimba ya mkazi m'thumba laling'ono lamadzi, lomwe limapangidwa kuchokera kukhola. Munthawi yabwinobwino, imakhala yosawoneka, koma mkazi akamakonzekera kuwoneka kwa anawo, thumba (kapena thumba la ana) limakula, mawere amawonekera.
Mthumba uli ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa - satseguka ngati nyama zina zam'madzi, mwachitsanzo, kangaroo, koma kubwerera kumchira, kuti ana obadwa kumene atha kulowa mthumba atangobadwa ndikuyamwa mayi awo.
Pali mitundu 6 yodziwika ya marsupial marten:
- brindle,
- wamfupi,
- Marsupial marten wa Geoffroy,
- Guinea yatsopano,
- bronze marsupial marten,
- marsupial marsupial kwoll.
Yaikulu kwambiri ndi nyalugwe ya marsupial marten, kulemera kwake kwa nyamazi kuli pafupifupi ma 5 kilogalamu. Yang'anani pa kwolla simungathe kokha pachithunzichi - posachedwapa, ziwetozo zinabweretsedwa ku Zoo za ku Moscow, komwe zinachokera ku Leipzig - ntchito yoti agwire nyamayi ili mu ukapolo, ndipo yayamba kale kuswana.
Moyo wa quoll ndi malo okhala
Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu imapezeka ku Australia ndi Tasmania, pomwe bronze ndi New Guine marsupial martens amakhala ku New Guinea. Tsoka ilo, pagawo la Australia, a qualls, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, sanapulumuke - makamaka nyama zimakhala m'chigawo cha Tasmania.
Kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 20, chiŵerengero chawo chinachepa kwambiri chifukwa cha miliri. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe anali mgulupo mzaka zapitazi adawonongedwa ndi alimi chifukwa chothamangitsa nkhuku ndi akalulu.
Mpaka pano, ma quolls onse aku Australia adalembedwa mu International Red Data Book pafupi kwambiri ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Kuyesera kuti abwezeretse kuchuluka kwa nyama zolusa izi.
Kokhala ndi kwoll osati m'nkhalango zokhazokha, zimapezeka m'malo odyetserako ziweto ndi m'mapiri Kalelo, ma kwolls amakhala mosangalala ngakhale m'zipinda zanyumba.
Quall - nyama usiku. Masana, imabisala m'malo obisalapo, omwe ndi mabowo amiyala, mipata yamiyala kapena maenje, ndikusaka usiku. Chodabwitsa - nyama iliyonse, monga lamulo, ili ndi mabowo angapo nthawi imodzi, "ikuyenda" motsatana.
Ndiyamika paws otukuka ndi mchira wautali wosinthasintha, marsupial marten imakwera kwambiri mitengo, komabe, sakonda kuchita izi mopitilira muyeso, imakonda moyo wapadziko lapansi - nyama zimathamanga kwambiri ndikudumpha bwino. Ichi ndi nyama yogwira ntchito, yothamanga komanso yofulumira.
Quall ili ndi minks zingapo nthawi imodzi
Ma quoll samakhala m'magulu - mwa chikhalidwe chawo amakhala osungulumwa, aliyense amateteza mwansanje gawo lawo ndikufuula mokweza. Zolemba zimapezeka pokhapokha nyengo yakumasirana.
Omwe amapikisana nawo marsupial martens ndi amphaka amtchire, agalu ndi nkhandwe, omwe, pomenyera chakudya, nthawi zambiri amalimbana ndi nyamazo ndikuzithamangitsa m'malo awo. Ma Quoll nthawi zambiri amakhala ozunzidwa ndi satana waku Tasmania - wachibale wawo wapafupi.
Chakudya
Mitengo imakhala pafupifupi yamphongo: tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo, komanso nyama zazing'ono, mbalame ndi mazira a mbalame, zokwawa, zimatha kukhala nyama yawo; sikungakhale kovuta kwa iwo kupha nkhuku.
Osanyoza kvoll ndi zovunda, chakudya chodya theka chomwe chatsala kuchokera kuzilombo zina. Nyama sizimangodya chakudya cha nyama zokha - ndizofunitsitsa kudya masamba obiriwira a udzu, masamba, zipatso zakupsa ndi zipatso.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Nthawi yokwanira ya ma quolls imayamba nthawi yozizira - ino ndi nthawi kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Amuna amapeza chachikazi ndi fungo - amalemba dala mwadala, ndikusiya zotsalira. Amuna amakhala aukali nthawi yakumasirana, amalimbana mwankhanza ndi omwe akupikisana nawo, ndipo amatha kupha mkazi. Pakutha masewera akulumikiza, amakhala atatopa kwambiri.
Mkazi amabereka anawo kwa milungu itatu. Amabadwa ang'onoang'ono, okha 5mm kutalika ndipo amalemera mamiligalamu ochepa. Ana amabadwa kuyambira 4 mpaka 8, koma atha kukhala angapo.
Kuchuluka kwa anawo kumatengera mwachindunji yemwe anali woyamba kuyamwa nsonga zamabele - chachikazi chili ndi zonse 6. Pamatumba zinyenyeswazi zimakula pafupifupi milungu 8-9, ndiye zoyesera zoyambirira kusiya amayi kapena kusuntha, zikugwira msana zimayamba.
Pachithunzicho, quall yokhala ndi ana
Amaphunzira kupeza chakudya chayekha pafupi ndi miyezi 4-5, kwinakwake nthawi yomweyo amasiya kudya mkaka wa amayi. Kumayambiriro kwa moyo wosiyana, ma quoll achichepere nthawi zambiri amafa. Pofika chaka chimodzi, anawo amakula, amakhala okhwima mwa kugonana.
Qualls ndi nyama zosatetezeka, mwachilengedwe sizikhala motalika kwambiri, pafupifupi zaka 3-5. Ali mu ukapolo, amakhazikika bwino ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 7.
