Mbalame ptarmigan wa banja la pheasant. Amasinthasintha moyo wake kumadera ovuta, ndipo saopa ngakhale nyengo yozizira yozizira ya ku Arctic.
Makhalidwe ndi malo a ptarmigan
Partridge yoyera ili ndi mawonekedwe amthupi otsatirawa:
- kutalika kwa thupi 33 - 40 cm;
- thupi 0,4 - 0,7 makilogalamu;
- mutu wawung'ono ndi maso;
- khosi lalifupi;
- mlomo waung'ono koma wamphamvu unawerama;
- miyendo yayifupi, zala 4 zakumwa ndi zikhadabo;
- mapiko ang'ono ndi ozungulira;
- akazi ndi ocheperako kuposa amuna.
Zikhadabo ndi zofunika kuti mbalame zitheke. Mtundu wa nthenga umadalira nyengo komanso umasintha kangapo pachaka.
Mu chithunzicho ptarmigan
M'chilimwe, zazikazi ndi zazimuna zimakhala ndi utoto wofiyira, womwe ndiubweya wabwino kwambiri m'chigawo cha mbalame. Koma matupi ambiri adakali oyera.
Nsidze kutembenukira ofiira. Liti kusaka ptarmigan nthawi yotentha, mutha kusiyanitsa mbalame ndi kugonana. M'dzinja, mtundu wa nthenga umasanduka wachikaso kapena wofiira, ndikupezeka kwa timitengo talanje ndi timadontho.
Pachithunzicho, ptarmigan wamkazi nthawi yotentha
Mkazi ptarmigan m'nyengo yozizira amasintha nthenga kachiwiri kale pang'ono kuposa yamphongo. Ndi yoyera bwino kotheratu, ndipo nthenga za mchira zokha ndi zomwe zimakhala ndi nthenga zakuda. Kutha kwa mbalame kumawapatsa mwayi woti aziphatikizana ndi chilengedwe, kubisala kwa adani ndikutha kupulumuka nthawi yovuta yozizira.
Khosi ndi mutu wamwamuna nthawi yachaka chimakhala chofiirira, ndipo thupi lonse limakhalabe loyera. Kuchokera apa titha kunena kuti akazi amasintha mtundu katatu pachaka, ndipo amuna amasintha anayi.
Kujambula ndi ptarmigan wamwamuna mchaka
Partridge amakhala kumpoto kwa America ndi Eurasia, ku British Isles. Amakhala mumtunda, m'nkhalango, m'nkhalango, m'mapiri.
Malo ofikirako ptarmigan - tundra... Amapanga zisa pa dothi lonyowa pang'ono m'mphepete ndi malo otseguka, kapena m'malo omwe mitengo ndi zitsamba zimakula.
Zimakhala zovuta kukumana ndi khwalala m'nkhalango ndi m'mapiri, chifukwa limakhala m'malo ena momwe muli zigamba zodzaza ndi mitengo yazitsamba.
M'nkhalango muli mwayi wokumana nawo ngakhale m'matumba a birch, aspen ndi alder, nkhalango zitsamba ndi zomera zazikulu, m'nkhalango ya paini. Ena mitundu ya ptarmigan kuphatikiza mu Red Book.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa ptarmigan
Mbalameyi imabwera nthawi inayake; usiku imabisala m'masamba. Kwenikweni, ndi mbalame yongokhala yomwe imangopanga maulendo ang'onoang'ono. Ndipo amathamanga kwambiri.
Partridge ndi mbalame yochenjera kwambiri. Pakakhala zoopsa, amazizira pamalo amodzi mwakachetechete, kumulola mdaniyo kuti ayandikire yekha, ndipo pakangopita mphindi yomaliza imanyamuka mwamphamvu, ikuphwanya mwamphamvu mapiko ake.
Kuopseza moyo wa kachilomboka kumachitika munthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa mandimu, chomwe ndi chakudya chachikulu cha odyetsa, kumachepa. Ankhandwe aku Arctic ndi akadzidzi oyera amayamba kusaka mwakhama mbalame.
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, mutha kumva kholingo ndi phokoso lakuthwa komanso kaphokoso ka mapiko otulutsidwa ndi amuna. Ndi amene amalengeza kuyambika kwa nyengo yokwanira.
Mverani mawu a ptarmigan
Yaimuna panthawiyi ndi yaukali kwambiri ndipo imathamangira kukapha ina yamphongo yomwe yalowa m'gawo lake. M'dzinja, amapanga nkhokwe zazikulu zamafuta, zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira.
Zakudya za Ptarmigan
Kodi ptarmigan amadya chiyani? Iye, monga nthumwi zambiri za mbalame, amadya zakudya zamasamba. Popeza mbalameyi imauluka kawirikawiri, imatenga chakudya chachikulu pansi.
M'nyengo yotentha, amadyetsa mbewu, zipatso, maluwa, ndi zomera. Ndipo m'nyengo yachisanu zakudya zimaphatikizapo impso, mphukira za zomera, zomwe, potola pansi, zimaluma pang'ono ndikumeza ndi mazira abwino pa iwo.
Zakudya zonsezi ndizochepa, motero mbalameyo imameza zochuluka kwambiri, ndikuziika mu chotupa chachikulu. Kuti apeze zipatso ndi mbewu zotsalazo m'nyengo yozizira, amapanga mabowo pachipale chofewa, chomwe chingathenso kutchinjiriza kuzilombo.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa ptarmigan
Pofika nthawi yachisanu, champhongo chimavala chovala chake, pomwe khosi ndi mutu zimasintha mtundu kukhala wofiirira. Mkazi amagwira ntchito yomanga chisa pawokha.
Kujambula ndi chisa cha ptarmigan
Malo obisalira amasankhidwa pansi pa chimbudzi, tchire, muzomera zazitali. Kuikira dzira kumayambira kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Mkazi m'modzi amatha kuyala pafupifupi zidutswa 8 - 10. Nthawi yonseyi, chachikazi sichisiya chisa kwa mphindi, ndipo champhongo chimagwira nawo kuteteza ana awo ndi ana amtsogolo.
Pakatuluka anapiye, yaimuna ndi yaikazi imapita nawo kumalo obisika kwambiri. Pakakhala zoopsa, anapiyewo amabisala m'masamba ndikuuma.
Pachithunzicho anapiye a ptarmigan
Kukula msinkhu kwa anapiye kumachitika mchaka chimodzi. Nthawi yamoyo wa mbewa yoyera siyabwino ndipo imakhala pafupifupi zaka zinayi, ndipo mbalame yayikulu kwambiri imatha kukhala zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Mndandanda wa Buku lofiira lofiiraakukhala kudera lamapiri ku Europe Russia chifukwa chakutha nyama yawo yokoma ndi alenje, nthawi yayitali yozizira imakhudzanso kuchuluka komwe akazi samayamba kupanga mazira.
