Kamenka mbalame. Moyo wa mbalame za Kamenka komanso malo okhala

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Makhalidwe ndi malo otenthetsera

Kamenka - mbalame chowala bwino. Ili ndi mimba yoyera kapena ya ocher, mapiko akuda ndi kumbuyo kwake imvi. Pali chigoba cha nthenga zakuda zazifupi kumutu.

Akazi amajambulidwa modekha, koma nthawi yophukira amuna amakhalanso ngati akazi, nthenga zawo zimataya kuwala, popeza nthawi yokhwima yatha ndipo siyeneranso kukopa chidwi cha amuna kapena akazi anzawo.

Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalameyo kumafika pa 15.5 cm, ndipo mbalameyo imatha kulemera mpaka 28 g. Mbalameyi ikamauluka, imadziwika mosavuta ndi kapangidwe kosangalatsa pamchira - chilembo chakuda T chimayang'ana pachizungu choyera. Pakuyimba kwake, nthawi zambiri wheatear imagwiritsa ntchito mamvekedwe a mbalame zina. kapena atulutse ma roulade awo, omwe amafanana ndi "cheke" chakuthwa.

Mbalameyi ndi nthenga yokonda kutentha, choncho imakhala yabwino kwa iye m'madera otentha (South Asia, Africa, India, China). Komabe, m'miyezi yotentha, chitofu chitha kuwonanso m'maiko omwe kumakhala nyengo yabwino.

Mtundu wake umafikira Nyanja ya Arctic, ikukhazikika ku Chukotka ndi Alaska, kulanda kumpoto kwa Europe, South Siberia ngakhalenso Mongolia. Amakonda kukhala pamalo otseguka, pomwe pali mitengo ndi zitsamba zosafikirika. Itha kukhazikika m'mapiri. Zimapezeka pagombe lamtunda, pamtunda.

Kuchokera kwa abale awo akutali omwe amakhala m'nkhalango ndikulumpha kuchokera panthambi kupita kunthambi, miyala yamiyalayo idayamba kuyenda - samayenda pansi, koma amalumpha ndi miyendo iwiri.

Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa chotenthetsera

Kamenka si ya mbalame usiku, ntchito yayikulu imagwera tsiku lowala. Pakadali pano mutha kuwona momwe alili wopusa, wachangu komanso wosachedwa kuchepa. Pali mbalame mumlengalenga ngati ikuvina. Palibe zodabwitsa imodzi mwamitundu iyi mbalame dzina mbaula - wovina... Ndiko kuthawa komwe kukongola konse kwa nthenga zake kuwululidwa - kusintha kosiyana kuchokera pakuyera mpaka kuda.

Pouluka, mbalame imatha kupanga mitundu yonse yama pirouettes. Ndipo izi sizitanthauza konse kuti mbalame imathamangira kufunafuna njenjete, imangokhala mbalame yamphamvu, ndipo imatha kusewera, kuthamangitsa bwenzi kapena kuthamangitsa mdani.

Mwa njira, mbalamezo sizili bwino kwenikweni kwa amitundu anzawo ochokera ku mitundu ina. Amateteza mwankhanza chuma chawo ndipo salola ngakhale abale awo kuti awalowerere, mwachitsanzo, mwala wamwala kapena mbaula yakuda... Ngati angayerekeze kuthawira kudera lolakwika, amathamangitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Ikatha kuwuluka, mbalameyi imalumpha pansi, kulunjika kuzinthu zomwe zimakwera pamwamba panthaka. Amakonda kukhala pamiyala yayitali, nsanamira, ziphuphu kapena phiri lina lililonse.

Kuchokera pamenepo, amafufuza malowa ndipo, pachiwopsezo choyamba, amatenga "cheke", ndikuchenjeza ena za chiwopsezo chomwe chikubwera. Nthawi yomweyo amapindika mchira ndikupukusa mutu.

Mverani mawu a mbalame yamwala

Komabe, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti chotenthetsera sichimachita mantha. Mbalameyi imakhalanso ndi dzina lachiwiri - "mnzake". Izi ndichifukwa choti powona wapaulendo panjira, mbalame yosangalala iyi imawuluka patsogolo pake ndipo imatha kuuluka chonchi paulendo wonsewu.

Zakudya zophikira mbaula

Kwenikweni, kamenka mbalame amatola chakudya chake pansi. Amayang'ana nsikidzi, mphutsi ndi tizilombo tina pakati pamiyala, muudzu, pomwe m'nkhalango momwe amapezeka kwambiri. Komabe, ngati gulugufe atakwera mlengalenga, sipadzakhalanso chipulumutso ngakhale - mbalameyo imangowuluka mlengalenga, kuthamangitsa nyama yake.

Zakudya za mbalamezi zimakhala ndi ma weevils, timadontho ta masamba, dinani kafadala, kafadala. Ziwala, okwera, malasankhuli ndi abwino. Mbalame zimadya udzudzu, ntchentche, mphutsi, agulugufe bwino. Zowona, agulugufe akuluakulu ndi ovuta, ndiye kuti njenjete zing'onozing'ono zimangopeza chakudya. Sindikunyoza masitovu ngakhale ndi nkhono.

Zimachitika kuti kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira, pomwe kumagwa mvula yambiri, sipakhalanso tizilombo tambiri ngati masiku otentha, ndiye kuti mbalame zimadya zipatso ndi mbewu za zitsamba ndi zomera.

Kubalana ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa chotenthetsera

Mwamsanga kutentha, masiku a masika amabwera (ndipo m'mbali mwathu izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Epulo), pomwe amuna amoto amafika. Ndege zimachitika usiku. Amunawa akafika, akazi amayamba kufika. Izi zimachitika patangopita masiku ochepa kuchokera pamene anyaniwo athawa.

Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuyang'ana kuzungulira malo atsopano, pambuyo pake mbalamezo zimawerenga kuti zikonzekere kumanga zisa. Malo okhala chisa chamtsogolo amafunidwa mosamala kwambiri.

Mazira otenthetsera mu chisa chotenthetsera

Nthawi zina, chisa chobisika chimakhala chovuta kupeza ngakhale mutayima pafupi nacho. Mbalame zimabisa nyumba yawo m'miyala, m'matanthwe, pakati pa ming'alu yamakoma awo dongo, m'manda osiyidwa a nyama, m'malo azipumira zosiyanasiyana.

Ngati malo abwino oterewa sangapezeke, ndiye kuti mbalamezo zimadzikumbira dzenje, lomwe limatha kutalika kwa theka la mita. Ngati malo amafunidwa mosamala kwambiri, ndiye kuti chisa chomwecho sichimamangidwa bwino. Kuluka sikolimba, kotayirira, mapesi, mizu yopyapyala, zidutswa za moss, nthenga, fluff, ubweya waubweya umakhala ngati zomangira.

Ndipo mazira 4 mpaka 7 amaikidwira chisa chino. Mazirawo ndi otumbululuka buluu. Nthawi zambiri, popanda ma specks, koma timadontho kapena timadontho ta utoto wofiirira titha kuwona. Amakhala pafupifupi 22 mm kukula.

Mzimayi amawotcha zowalamulira pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Munthawi imeneyi, zisa zawo zitha kuwonongeka ndi zolusa kapena makoswe. Pofuna kuti asasiye ana pangozi, chitofu nthawi zambiri sichisiya chisa konse. Komabe, izi sizimathandiza nthawi zonse. Kudzipereka kotere kumathera pamenepo. Kuti mkazi nayenso amasandulika.

Pakapita nthawi, anapiye amawoneka, ndipo makolo amayamba kudyetsa anawo ndi zomwe iwowo amadya. Amakoka ntchentche, udzudzu ndi tizilombo tina kwa anapiye. Anapiye amadyetsedwa masiku 13-14. Kenako achinyamata amakakamizika kufunafuna chakudya chawo pawokha.

Koma ngakhale anapiye ataphunzira momwe angakhalire ndi chakudya chawo, samawulukira kutali ndi makolo awo, koma amakhala limodzi mpaka nthawi yophukira, mpaka zitovu zonse zitasonkhana m'magulu kuti ziwulukira Kumwera.

Zowona, pali mitundu ya tirigu yemwe amakhala m'madera akumwera kwambiri, ndiyeno munyengoyi mbalame zimatha kuthyola kawiri. Poterepa, anapiye oyamba sakhala ndi makolo awo. Moyo mbaula ya mbalame Osatalika kwambiri, zaka 7 zokha kuthengo.

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