Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala mutu wa bulauni
Chida chamutu wa Brown.
Pali oimira ochepa amtunduwu, omwe amapezeka kwambiri mutu wa bulauni komanso wamutu wakuda, ikukhudza yoyamba yomwe tikambirane m'nkhaniyi.
Chida chamutu wofiirira chimakhala ndi moyo m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri ku Eurasia, Canada, America ndi Caucasus, makamaka kumapiri a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, mapiri a Caucasus, Carpathians. Amakonda kukhala kutali ndi anthu kumadera akutali a m'nkhalango.
Nthawi yakusowa chakudya, amatha kudziwa za anthu ndikudya zotsalira. Sakonda kuyendera odyetsa mbalame omwe adapangidwa ndi anthu. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri la banja la titmouse, lachiwiri lachiwerengero chachikulu.
Kodi mutu wamutu wofiirira umawoneka bwanji, amakonda akatswiri achilengedwe ambiri, chifukwa kuti mupeze mabanja awo, muyenera kukonzekera ulendo wonse wopita kumtunda wachisanu. Ma titmice onse, omwe ndi mtundu wa bulauni tit, ndi ochepa kukula kwake - masentimita 12 -14 m'litali, ndi mchira (5-6 cm) - 17-20 cm. Kulemera kwa thupi ndi magalamu 10-15 okha.
Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ndi nthenga zofiirira zamdima wakuda, pamwamba pake pamakhala pakuda, kapuyo imafikira kumbuyo kwenikweni kwa mutu. Khosi ndi loyera mbali zonse ziwiri, ndi kachidutswa kakuda pakhosi. Gawo lakumunsi la nthenga ndi dera la malondawo lili ndi mthunzi wotuwa.
Pukhlyak ndi woimba mbalame, luso lake lamawu ndizodabwitsa. Kumvetsera kuimba kwa mbalamezi ndichosangalatsa palokha, ngakhale kuti repertoire yawo siyosiyanasiyana ndipo ili ndi mitundu itatu ya "nyimbo", yomwe ndi:
Mverani mawu a chida chamutu wa bulauni
- Malo;
- Wowonetsa (wochitidwa ndi amuna kapena akazi onse kuti apeze mnzake);
- Chibwenzi (chochitidwa ndi amuna akamakwatirana ndi mkazi).
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wamutu wamutu wofiirira
Mutu wa Brown - mbalamezomwe zimakhala pansi, chisa kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi m'mabowo ndi ziphuphu zamitengo patali pang'ono kuchokera pansi.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina mawere, tit yamutu wa bulauni Amakonda kudziyimira pawokha, monga odula mitengo, amadzipukuta mabowo ang'onoang'ono, mpaka 20 cm kuya ndi 7-8 cm m'mimba mwake.
Chifukwa cha kamwa kakang'ono, amalephera kupukuta khungwa la mtengo wolimba kwambiri, chifukwa chake amasankha mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yowola yakufa ndi matabwa osokonekera kuti akonze zisa. Ndizosangalatsa kuti odzitukumula amachita nawo zisa awiriawiri, zomwe zimapangidwa kugwa.
M'chaka chake choyamba cha moyo, mwana wamwamuna akufuna mkazi kapena mwamuna kudera lapafupi (pafupifupi makilomita 5). Izi zikakanika, amachoka kudziko lakwawo ndikuwuluka kukafunafuna mwayi kumadera akutali a nkhalango. Mitengo yomwe amakonda kwambiri anapiye okhala ndi mutu wabula ndi:
- Alder;
- Mtengo wa Birch;
- Aspen;
Pafupifupi, ntchitoyi imatenga mbalame pafupifupi sabata limodzi, nthawi zina ziwiri. Zingwe mpaka masentimita makumi awiri kuzama; makungwa, nthambi, nthenga, ubweya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Chofunikira posiyanitsa ndi zisa izi ndikuti simudzapeza moss m'mapanga awo, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yamtundu wa chickweed.
Kawirikawiri, kudzikuza kumatha kukhazikika m'mabowo okonzedwa bwino chaka chatha. Kawirikawiri mumakhala mazira asanu ndi limodzi kapena asanu ndi atatu mu clutch, ana awiri pa nyengo ndi osowa kwambiri.
M'chilimwe chamawa, makolo omwe ali ndi anapiye achichepere amalowa nawo gulu losamukasamuka, lomwe sikuti limangokhala ndi ma geek okhala ndi mutu wa bulauni; Atha kuphatikizanso ma kinglet ndi mbalame zina.
M'dzinja, kudzitukumula kumakhazikika ndikuyang'ana anzawo oti akwatirane. Zina mwa ziwetozi zimangoyendayenda m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zina kwa nthawi yayitali kufunafuna malo okhala abwino kapena angapo.
Mbalamezi zimakonda kubisa mabasiketi ndi nthanga za zomera zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zimaiwala komwe zidabisala chumacho, chifukwa chake m'kati mwenimweni mwa nkhalango mutha kupeza malo ambiri osungira.
Momwemonso, amathandizira mitengo yatsopano kukula ndikuwonjezera nkhalango. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mibadwo yamtsogolo yamatope itha kukhazikika ndikupanga zisa m'mitengoyi.
Anapiye omwe ali ndi mutu wa Brown nawonso ndi anzeru kwambiri, chifukwa akadzigwiritsa ntchito chisa, samasiya tchipisi pansi pamtengo, ndikuwapititsa gawo lina la nkhalango kapena kuwabisa pakati pa singano.
Mitengo ing'onoing'ono pamitunda yoyera ya chipale chofewa imatha kupereka malo pachisa. Zisa zomwe zimasiyidwa ndi anapiye amutu wofiirira zimakhala nyumba ya mbalame zina zazing'ono, monga opha ntchentche kapena mawere anzawo, chaka chamawa.
Chakudya cha mutu wa bulauni
Mitundu yonse yamtundu wofiirira imadyetsa tizilombo tambiri tambiri, makamaka zopanda mafupa ndi mphutsi. Ufa ndiwothandiza kwambiri ku zachilengedwe za m'nkhalango za mbalame, chifukwa zimathandiza pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.
Amathandiza mitengo kuchotsa tiziromboti pobowola tizirombo tating'ono pansi pa khungwalo. Ufa umadyanso mbewu ndi zipatso za zomera. M'nyengo yotentha, ½ pazakudya zawo zimakhala ndi zomera ndi ½ zakudya zanyama.
M'nyengo yozizira, ¾ yazakudya zimapangidwa ndi zomera, makamaka mbewu za ma conifers - mitengo ya Khrisimasi, mkungudza ndi yew. Anapiye achichepere amakonda kukhala ndi chotupitsa ndi mbozi, akangaude ang'onoang'ono, mphutsi ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono popititsa patsogolo mbeu. Za mbewu, chimanga ndi chimanga zimakhala ndi malo apadera pakudya, monga:
- Tirigu;
- Kudumphadumpha;
- Hemp;
- Linen;
- Chimanga;
- Oats;
- Balere;
Zipatso:
- Jamu;
- Rasipiberi;
- Sitiroberi;
- Currant;
Amakonda kufunafuna phindu pakati ndi mbali zotsika m'nkhalango, m'nkhalango zowirira, koma samatsikira pansi. M'nkhalango zokhazokha zaku Europe, mutha kuwona chithunzi choseketsa cha momwe mbalame zamtunduwu zimapachikikira mozondoka pa nthambi yowonda, kuyesa kugwira njuchi.
M'nyengo yozizira, amafufuza tizilombo mwa kutchera makungwa a mitengo. Monga tanenera kale, mchaka amabisa nkhokwe zochuluka mumabowo pakati pa khungwa ndi thunthu lamtengo, m'tchire. Samalani ndi anthu, kuti asayandikire kwa odyetsa, ngakhale atakhala ndi njala yayikulu.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chamoyo wa mutu wamutu wofiirira
Pafupifupi, mchaka choyamba cha moyo, mwa anthu chikwi, pafupifupi mazana atatu apulumuka. Avereji ya zaka za moyo ndi zaka 2-3. M'badwo waukulu kwambiri, womwe nthawi zambiri ufa umatha kukhala ndi moyo - zaka 9, chiwerengero chomwecho chimakhala kunyumba. Mutu wachikazi wofiirira umayika mazira kumapeto kwa Meyi. Nthawi zina amapindidwa molunjika pansi pa dzenje, pomwe pamakhala zofunda zofewa, zomera ndi tchipisi.
Akazi atayalikirapo, amadikirira masiku ena asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi, kenako amaikira mazira asanu ndi limodzi mpaka khumi ndi awiri panthawi yoyera yoyera yokhala ndi mawanga ofiira owala. Puffball yaikazi imafungatira mazira kwa milungu iwiri, pomwe yamphongo imateteza gawo ndikusaka kuti idyetse mnzake.
Anapiye amaswa patangotha masiku awiri. Masiku oyamba, mayi satuluka dzenje konse, kuwotha ana akhanda; m'thumba lisa, amakhala kwa masiku pafupifupi makumi awiri.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti yamphongo, pomwe yaikazi imagonera mazira, imanyamula chakudya kawiri kapena katatu patsiku. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, anawo amayamba kuuluka okha pachisa, koma mayiyo apitiliza kuwadyetsa pafupifupi sabata.
Pambuyo pake, anapiye achichepere, limodzi ndi nthumwi zingapo zakale za mtundu wa anapiye okhala ndi mutu wa bulauni, amasonkhana m'gulu, lomwe pambuyo pake limalumikizana ndi gulu la mitundu ina ya mbalame. Pamodzi, amayamba kuyenda madera akumpoto kukafunafuna malo atsopano okhala.
Kwa moyo wonse, anapiye awiri amapanga ana opitilira mmodzi, mosamala kusamalira mazira ndi anapiye oswedwa, omwe, pambuyo pa masiku 18-20, nawonso adzakhalabe ndi moyo m'nkhalango ndi kuzizira. Moyo wamagalimoto ndiosadalirika komanso wovuta, mabanja ochepa okha ndi omwe amapulumuka - olimba kwambiri komanso osinthidwa kuthengo.
