Mitengo yam'madzi ndi dzina la gulu la mitundu ya wader. Ali ndi malo osiyanasiyana komanso njira zopulumukira, koma chinthu chimodzi chimawagwirizanitsa: yaying'ono mpaka yaying'ono kukula kwa thupi komanso miyendo yayitali, khosi ndi mapiko. Gulu ili limaphatikizapo mwachindunji banja la plover.
Zina mwa izo ndi mitundu monga:
- zokopa zagolide;
- mapiko a bulauni;
- tulesa.
Ngakhale mitundu yofananayo imafanana pamakhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe, mbalamezi zimakhalanso ndizosiyana. Chifukwa chake, polankhula za zizolowezi za okonda kukonda, monga lamulo, m'pofunika kufotokoza mtundu wa subspecies yomwe tikukamba.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala plover
Oimira banja la plover amakonda kukhala m'malo ozizira padziko lapansi. Malo awo amakhala kufalikira kumpoto kwa Russia, Canada ndi Alaska ndipo m'malo ena amafika ku Arctic Circle.
Mutha kuwonanso mbalame yotereyi m'maiko aku Scandinavia komanso kumpoto kwa Germany. M'mbuyomu, amapezeka ku Central Europe ambiri, koma tsopano mutha kukumana nawo mwamwayi.
Monga mbalame desert, plo amasankha mipata ikuluikulu momwe angasunthire kuthamanga komanso ndege zazifupi. Umu ndi momwe amakhalira pomwe safunikira kuyenda maulendo azisanu kumadera otentha.
M'nyengo yozizira, mbalamezi zimauluka maulendo ataliatali kenako zimakonda kudikirira miyezi yozizira kwambiri ku England, Argentina, komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi madambo a zigawo za Western Europe.
Nthawi zina amatha ku Caucasus ndi Central America. Mwachikhalidwe, mitundu ingapo yamakolo imakonda maulendo osiyanasiyana apaulendo. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yamapiko a bulauni imakonda kukhazikika ku Argentina, koma golide wagolide amakhutira ndi nyengo yozizira ku England kozizira.
Plover amakhala mumtunda wamtunda komanso m'mapiri ndi m'minda, mumakonda nyanja zamadzi. Nthawi zina ma plove amatha kusankha malo omwe amadzazidwa ndi madzi amoyo wonse. Izi zimawathandiza kupeza chakudya.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa wokonda
Plover wagolide ndi nthumwi yaying'ono yapabanja la wader. Ili ndi mlomo waukulu womwe umatha kugawaniza zinthu zolimba, monga tizigobvu tating'ono.
Mtundu wa nthenga zake ndi wofiirira, koma nthawi yachilimwe amuna amakhala ndi mtundu wowala kwambiri. Mbalameyi imakhala moyo wawo wonse kukuzizira, ndipo nthawi zambiri komanso madambo, momwe amapitilira, monga mbalame zambiri zam'madzi, imathamanga mwachangu kwambiri, nthawi ndi nthawi imakoka nyama ndi mulomo wake.
M'nyengo yozizira, plover imawuluka, monga lamulo, kukhala kumpoto kwa Europe. Nthawi zambiri amasankha England nyengo yachisanu. Kuthamanga kwa golide wolowera poyenda imafika 50 km / h.
Mapiko a bulauni kunja, oddly mokwanira, ndi owala kwambiri kuposa golide. Mu nthenga zake pali kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana. Pali mzere woyera kumbuyo kwake, ndipo mchira wake uli ndi mtundu wagolide kwambiri.
Amakhala m'njira zambiri monga mlongo wake, koma amauluka motalikirapo. Nthawi yomweyo, panjira, mbalame yamapiko ya bulauni siyang'ana chakudya kapena chakudya, ndipo siyima mpaka ikafika pagombe la South America.
Tules ndi mtundu wina wa chikho chomwe nthawi zambiri chimasankhidwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mbalamezi. Komabe, ali pafupi wachibale wa wolandila wamba komanso wa banja limodzi.
Ili ndi mtundu wonyezimira wonyezimira kapena wakuda ndi woyera ndipo imakonda chakudya cha anthu okhala m'madzi, motero, imakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi matupi amadzi kuposa ma subspecies ena. Komabe, amapezanso chakudya mwina mwa kuponya mwachangu uku akuthamanga, kapena ndi ma dives achidule.
Chakudya
Plover wagolide amadya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kuyambira agulugufe mpaka kachilomboka. Iye samanyoza nkhono, koma nthawi yomweyo - mitundu yonse ya mphutsi, zikopa ndi mazira. Nyamazi zikafuna kusamuka m'nyengo yozizira, zimakhazikika m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku England ndikudyetsa nyama zakutchire kumeneko.
Nthawi zina phala lagolide limasunthanso mbewu za zomera, zipatso zawo ndi mphukira zobiriwira. Mwambiri, chakudya chake chamitundu yonse yamakolo chimatha kuonedwa ngati chosiyanasiyana. Mapiko a bulauni Amakondanso kudya tizilombo, nkhono ndi nkhanu, koma samadya zipatso.
Komanso, monga lamulo, mu zakudya zake, pamene amasamala za zomera, malo akulu amakhala ndi zipatso. Sachita chidwi kwenikweni ndi mphukira ndi mbewu kuposa golidi.
Mabingu, nawonso, amawunikira kwambiri nkhono, molluscs ndi nyama zopanda mafupa. Amadyanso zomera pang'ono kuposa golide wokondaNthawi zambiri amangodya mbewu zawo kapena zipatso.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa wopemphayo
Plover - mbalame, kukonza zisa zake m'maenje ang'onoang'ono pansi pakati pa malo otseguka, ndipo izi zimagwira ntchito kwa onse amtunduwo. Zisa zili ndi zotsekemera, koma osati zowirira kwambiri. Monga lamulo, makolo onse amatenga nawo mbali pakuswa mazira, m'modzi mwa iwo, ngati kuli koyenera, amakhalabe ndi chisa, ndipo winayo amapeza chakudya ndikutengera nyama zolusa pambali.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri wamkazi amangotsalira pachisa, ndipo chachimuna chimayang'ana zomwe zikuchitika kuzungulira kwinakwake. Izi zimalola omwe akufuna kuti azindikire zoopsa munthawi yake ndikuchitapo kanthu moyenera.
Golide wagalu ndi tulesa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mazira anayi zisa zawo, zonse zofiirira, zomwe zimatha kukhala zapinki kapena golide, ndipo zimatha kukhala zakuda, nthawi zambiri ndimadontho akuda pansi, pafupi ndi malekezero.
Samayikira mazira nthawi yomweyo, koma pakadutsa masiku awiri, nthawi zina mosokonezedwa. Mbalame yamapiko a bulauni imatulutsa mazira awiri kapena atatu okha, ndipo onse ndi oyera ndi timadontho takuda.
Nthawi yayitali yosanganira mazira mumitundumitundu yamatumba imachokera masiku 23 mpaka 30, pambuyo pake anapiye amaswa kwathunthu, ngakhale atakhala ndi zofewa. Pakadutsa mwezi umodzi kufikira mwezi umodzi ndi theka, pamapeto pake zimakhwima ndikusiya chisa. Kuzungulira kwakukula kwa golide wagolide kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri; ndiye chachifupi kwambiri kuposa zonse zomwe zili ndi mapiko a bulauni.
Plover mwana wankhuku
Monga aliyense mchenga, plover amakhala ndi moyo pang'ono. Mpaka pano, moyo wapamwamba kwambiri wa wolandila golide ndi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zokha. Mbalame yamapiko ya bulauni imafikira khumi ndi zinayi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Tulesa amatha kutchedwa chiwindi chenicheni pakati pa omwe akuyimira mitunduyo - amakhala zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Komabe, ngakhale nthawi imeneyi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yayitali pakati pa mbalame zam'madzi. Amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka zinayi mpaka khumi zokha.
