Ma Alligator ndi mbadwa za nzika zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi
Ma Alligator ndi ng'ona ndizofanana kwambiri ngati abale a dongosolo la nyama zam'madzi zam'madzi. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ng'ona ndi nyama yolira, ndi ochepa omwe amadziwa. Koma mitundu ya zokwawa imagawidwa ngati nthumwi zosowa za adani odziwika, omwe mtundu wawo ndi zaka makumi mamiliyoni ambiri. Anatha kupulumuka chifukwa cha malo awo, omwe asintha pang'ono kuyambira nthawi zakale.
Makhalidwe ndi malo a alligator
Pali mitundu iwiri yokha yama alligator: American ndi Chinese, malinga ndi malo awo. Ena adakhazikika m'mbali mwa nyanja ya Gulf of Mexico moyandikana ndi Nyanja ya Atlantic, pomwe ena amakhala mdera laling'ono mumtsinje wa Yangtze kum'mawa kwa China.
Ng'ombe zaku China zikuwopsezedwa kuti zitha kuthengo. Kuphatikiza pa mtsinjewu, anthu amapezeka pa malo olimapo, amakhala m'mitsinje yakuya komanso mosungira madzi.
Ma Alligator amasungidwa m'malo otetezedwa mwapadera kuti apulumutse mitunduyo, pafupifupi oimira 200 omwe akuwerengedwabe ku China. Ku North America kulibe chiwopsezo chilichonse chokwawa. Kuphatikiza pa chilengedwe, amakhala m'malo ambiri. Chiwerengero cha anthu opitilira 1 miliyoni sichidetsa nkhawa zachilengedwe.
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kowoneka bwino pakati pa nyama zakutchire ndi ng'ona kuli m'ndandanda ya chigaza. Mahatchi kapena mawonekedwe osakhazikika amakhala obadwa nawo zinyamandi pa ng'ona Mphuno yake ndi yakuthwa, ndipo dzino lachinayi limayang'ana nsagwada zotseka. Mikangano, ng'ona kapena alligator ndani, Nthawi zonse musankhe mokomera ng'ona.
Ng'ombe yayikulu kwambiri, yolemera pafupifupi tani imodzi ndi 5.8 mita kutalika, amakhala m'boma la US ku Louisiana. Zokwawa zamakono zazikulu zimafika 3-3.5 m, zolemera makilogalamu 200-220.
Achibale achi China ndi ocheperako, nthawi zambiri amakula mpaka 1.5-2 m, ndipo anthu atatu mita kutalika kwake amangokhala m'mbiri. Akazi onse awiri mitundu ya alligator nthawi zonse amuna ochepa. Nthawi zambiri kukula kwa alligator wotsika kuposa ng'ona zazikulu kwambiri.
Mtundu wa mitunduyo umadalira mtundu wa posungira. Ngati chilengedwe chadzaza ndi ndere, ndiye kuti nyama zidzakhala ndi zobiriwira. Zokwawa zambiri zimakhala zakuda kwambiri, zofiirira, pafupifupi zakuda, makamaka m'madambo, m'malo osungira tannic acid. Mimbayo ndi yakuda kofewa.
Ma mbale a mafupa amateteza alligator yaku America kumbuyo, ndipo nzika zaku China zaphimbidwa nawo, kuphatikiza m'mimba. Pamiyendo yayifupi yakutsogolo pali zala zisanu zopanda zingwe, kumiyendo yakumbuyo pali zinayi.
Maso ndi otuwa, okhala ndi zishango zamathambo. Mphuno za nyama zimatetezedwanso ndi zikopa zapadera za khungu zomwe zimagwera pansi ndipo sizimalola kuti madzi adutse ngati alligator imira mozama. Pakamwa pa zokwawa pali mano 74 mpaka 84, omwe amasinthidwa ndi ena atatayika.
Mchira wolimba komanso wosinthasintha umasiyanitsa zigamba za mitundu yonse iwiri. Amapanga pafupifupi theka la kutalika kwa thupi lonse. Ili ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri lanyama:
- amawongolera kuyenda m'madzi;
- imakhala ngati "fosholo" pomanga zisa;
- ndi chida champhamvu polimbana ndi adani;
- imapereka malo osungira mafuta m'miyezi yozizira.
Ma Alligator amakhala makamaka m'madzi oyera, mosiyana ndi ng'ona, zomwe zimatha kusefa mchere m'madzi am'nyanja. Malo okhawo ophatikizana ndi boma la America ku Florida. Zokwawa zakhazikika m'mitsinje yoyenda pang'onopang'ono, mayiwe ndi madambo.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa alligator
Mwa njira yamoyo, ma alligator amakhala osungulumwa. Koma ndi oimira akulu okha amtunduwu omwe amatha kutenga ndi kuteteza madera awo. Amachita nsanje chifukwa cholowerera patsamba lawo ndikuwonetsa nkhanza. Zinyama zazing'ono zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Nyama zimasambira bwino, ndikuwongolera mchira wawo ngati chowongolera. Pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, ma alligator amayenda mwachangu, amathamanga mpaka 40 km / h, koma ataliatali kwambiri. Zochita zokwawa ndizokwera pakati pa Epulo ndi Okutobala, munyengo yotentha.
Ndikutentha kozizira, kukonzekera kwa kugona kwa nthawi yayitali kumayamba. Nyama zimakumba maenje kumadera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zipinda zodyetsera nyengo yachisanu. Kutsika mpaka 1.5 mita ndi 15-25 m kutalika kumalola zokwawa zingapo kuthawira nthawi yomweyo.
Nyama sizilandila chakudya kutulo. Anthu ena amangobisala m'matope, koma amasiya mphuno zawo pamwamba kuti mpweya ulowe. Malo otentha nyengo yachisanu samakhala ochepera 10 ° C, koma ngakhale chisanu chimalekerera bwino.
Pakufika masika, zokwawa zimakhala padzuwa kwanthawi yayitali, ndikudzutsa matupi awo. Ngakhale zili ndi kulemera kwakukulu mthupi, nyama zimathamanga posaka. Omwe amawazunza kwambiri amamezedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo zitsanzo zazikulu zimakokedwa kaye pansi pamadzi, kenako nkukhadzulidwa kapena kusiya kuwola ndikuwononga nyama.
Ng'ombe zaku America wodziwika kuti wopanga madamu atsopano. Nyamayo imakumba dziwe pamalo athaphwi, momwe mumadzaza madzi ndikukhala nyama ndi zomera. Ngati madzi amira, kusowa kwa chakudya kumatha kubweretsa kudya anthu.
Zinyama zimayamba kufunafuna madzi atsopano. Ma Alligator amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake kudzera pakufuula. Izi zitha kukhala zowopseza, kuyimbana, kubangula, machenjezo owopsa, kuyitana kwa ana ndi mamvekedwe ena.
Mverani kubangula kwa ng'ona
Pachithunzicho, alligator wokhala ndi mwana
Chakudya cha Alligator
Zakudya za alligator zimaphatikizapo chilichonse chomwe chingagwire. Koma mosiyana ndi ng'ona, nsomba kapena nyama sizimangokhala chakudya, komanso zipatso ndi masamba a zomera. Nyamayo imakhala ikusaka, makamaka usiku, ndipo imagona m'mabowola masana.
Achinyamata amadya nkhono, nkhanu, tizilombo, ndi akamba. Kukula nkhumba, monga kudya ng'ona wozunzidwa kwambiri ngati mbalame, nyama yoyamwa. Njala imatha kukupangitsani kudya zakufa.
Ma Alligator sakhala aukali kwa anthu ngati satopetsa nyama m'malo awo. Zokwawa zaku China zimawerengedwa kuti ndizabwino kwambiri, koma kuwukira kosowa kwachitika kale.
Ng'ona, ma caimans ndi anyani amasaka nkhumba zamtchire, ng'ombe, zimbalangondo ndi nyama zina zazikulu. Kuti athane ndi nyamayo, imamira koyamba, kenako nsagwada zimakanikizidwa kuti ziumeze. Pogwira wovulalayo ndi mano ake, amazungulira mozungulira mpaka mtembo utang'ambika. Wokhetsa magazi kwambiri komanso wankhanza mwa abale ake, ndithudi, ndi ng'ona.
Zokwawa zimatha kudikirira kwa maola ambiri, ndipo chinthu chamoyo chikapezeka, chiwembucho chimatha masekondi. Mchira umaponyedwa patsogolo kuti agwire wovulalayo nthawi yomweyo. Ma Alligator amameza makoswe, muskrats, nutria, abakha, agalu athunthu. Osanyoza njoka ndi abuluzi. Zigoba zolimba ndi zipolopolo zimapera ndi mano, ndipo zotsalira za chakudya zimatsukidwa m'madzi, kumasula pakamwa.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa alligator
Kukula kwa alligator kumatsimikizira kukhwima kwake. Mitundu yaku America imaswana nthawi yayitali ikapitilira masentimita 180, ndipo zokwawa zazing'ono zaku China zimakhala zokonzeka nthawi yokwanira ndi kutalika kwa mita yopitilira theka.
Pavuli paki, munthukazi wakunozgeke chisa pasi kutuliya ku maudzu ndipuso nthazi zakuphatikizika ndi matope. Kuchuluka kwa mazira kumatengera kukula kwa nyama, pafupifupi zidutswa 55 mpaka 50. Zisazo zimakutidwa ndi udzu pakakhala makulitsidwe.
Kujambula ndi chisa cha alligator
Kugonana kwa wakhanda kumatengera kutentha kwachisa. Kutentha kwakukulu kumalimbikitsa mawonekedwe a amuna, ndi kuzizira - akazi. Kutentha kwapakati pa 32-33 ° C kumabweretsa chitukuko cha amuna ndi akazi.
Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku 60-70. Kulira kwa ana obadwa kumene ndi chizindikiro chokumba chisa. Akaswa, yaikazi imathandiza anawo kupita kumadzi. Chaka chonse, chisamaliro chimapitilira ana, omwe akukula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amafuna chitetezo.
Pofika zaka ziwiri, kutalika kwa achichepere sikupitilira masentimita 50-60. Ma Alligator amakhala pafupifupi zaka 30-35. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yomwe amakhala m'chilengedwe imatha kufikira zaka zana limodzi.
