Mosakayikira, munthu aliyense kamodzi pa moyo wake adalota zopanga makina osungira nthawi ndikuyendera zakale zakale kapena kulowa mdziko lapansi mtsogolo.
Ndipo iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi chilichonse chokhudzana ndi nyama ndi chisangalalo chachikulu, mwina adalowa munthawi zakale ndipo adayang'ana zochitika zonse zachilengedwe, nyama ndi dziko lazomera ngakhale nthawi isanachitike pomwe zonse zomwe zilipo sizinasinthidwe mpaka digiri monga tsopano.
Ndani akudziwa, mwina sitingadabwe ndi ma dinosaurs. Inde, padziko lapansi pamadzi palibe chosangalatsa, chosangalatsa komanso chachilendo kuposa padziko lapansi.
Chimodzi mwazosangalatsa izi ndi njoka yapamadzi, yomwe imayenda mozama panyanja ndimayendedwe ake osalala, osangalatsa, amakopa diso mwachisawawa osasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi.
Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti sizingatheke kuwona izi. Ngakhale, ngati mumadziwa Shaki yokazinga ndiye kuti, mwayi uliwonse wokumana ndi mbiri yakale. Kupatula apo, ndi iye amene ali mbadwa ya njoka yodabwitsa yam'madzi yam'madzi ndipo sanasinthe zaka 95 miliyoni kukhalapo kwake.
M'nthawi yathu ino, iye ndi mbuye wa madzi am'nyanja komanso imodzi mwa nsomba zosangalatsa kwambiri. Izi ndizakale zakale, zotsalira chifukwa kwazaka zambiri sizinasinthe, zakhala momwe zimakhalira zaka zambiri zapitazo.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala shark wokazinga
Shaki yotchedwa Frilled ndi imodzi mwamitundu yosawerengeka kwambiri ya nsomba yomwe imakhala munyanja yakuya komanso choyambirira. Mwanjira ina, amatchedwanso corrugated.
Mafinya aul amakhala makamaka pakuya kolimba, komwe kumakhala pakati pa 600 mpaka 1000 mita. Sharki ngati njokayu adatha kupulumuka pamavuto onse am'mbuyomu ndipo mpaka pano akumva bwino.
Kukhala ndi moyo wotukuka kotereku mwina ndikuti nsomba iyi imadzipezera yokha chifukwa cha njira yakuya yakunyanja. Pali adani ochepa kapena omutsutsa kwa iye pamtunda wa mamita 600.
Wodziwana naye woyamba ndi shaki wokazinga adachitika mu 1880. Ludwig Doderlein, katswiri wa zachikatolika wa ku Germany, anaona chozizwitsachi kwa nthawi yoyamba m'madzi akutsuka ku Japan. Adagawana nawo malongosoledwe ake ndikuwonetsa momwe shark yodabwitsa adamuwonera.
Koma popeza malongosoledwe awa anali ojambula kwambiri kuposa asayansi, ndi ochepa omwe adazitenga mozama. Nkhani yasayansi yolembedwa ndi a Samuel Garman, yemwenso anali katswiri wodziwika bwino wazachthyologist, adapatsa anthu mwayi uliwonse wokhulupirira kuti nsomba iyi ilipo. Pambuyo pa izi ndi pomwe shaki wokazinga adayamba kuonedwa ngati nsomba yomwe ilipo yamtundu wina.
Kodi mayina achilendo komanso okongola a nsombazi adachokera kuti? Ndiosavuta. Wobowotakhayo adamupatsa dzina loti placenta wake wodabwitsa komanso wosazolowereka, womwe ndi wamdima wakuda ndipo umawoneka ngati chovala.
Amakhala wopanikizika chifukwa amakhala ndi khola lambiri pathupi lake lalitali. Asayansi akuganiza kuti makola amenewa ndi malo osungira nyama zikuluzikulu kuti ziikidwe m'mimba mwa nsomba.
Ndiponsotu, nsombayi ili ndi luso lodabwitsa ndipo imameza nyamayo. Mano ake ali ngati singano, amapindika mkamwa mwake ndipo sali oyenera kuphwanya kapena kutafuna chakudya.
Pali pafupifupi 300 a iwo. Koma ali ndi mwayi umodzi waukulu, ndi thandizo lawo, nsombazi zimatha kusunga nyama yomwe ili mkamwa mwake ndikupewa kuti isamasuke, ngakhale ikakhala yoterera.
Kukula kwakukulu kwa shark ali ndi zochepa. Mkazi wake amatha kutalika mpaka mita ziwiri. Amuna ndi ocheperako pang'ono - 1.5-1.7 mita. Nsombayi imakhala ndi thupi lotalika ngati eel lokhala ndi mutu wokulirapo komanso wolimba.
Yatsani chithunzi cha shark wokazinga koposa zonse, maso ake osayerekezeka amakopa chidwi. Ndi zazikulu, zowulungika ndi mtundu wosaneneka wa emarodi. Zimanyezimira modabwitsa kokha mwakuya kwambiri.
Ndipamene pafupifupi moyo wonse wa shaki wokazinga umadutsa. Pali nthawi zina pomwe nsomba zodabwitsa zimakwera pamwamba pamadzi. Izi zimachitika makamaka usiku, pomwe nsombazi zimasaka chakudya.
Chilombochi chisanachitike chimakhala bwino m'madzi ofunda a m'nyanja za Atlantic ndi Pacific. Ndiko komwe mungapeze. Anakumananso m'madzi akutsuka Brazil, Australia ndi New Zealand, Norway. Malo ake sanafufuzidwebe bwinobwino. Zikuwoneka kuti zimapezeka m'madzi a Arctic.
Kuti nsombazi ziziyenda kwambiri, chiwindi chake chimathandiza, chomwe, kuwonjezera pakukula kwambiri, chimadzazidwa ndi ma lipids ochulukirapo, ndipo izi, zimathandizanso kuti thupi la shaki likhale lakuya kwambiri popanda zovuta.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa shark wokazinga
Nsomba iyi ndi cholengedwa chanzeru kwambiri. Amakhala waluso kwambiri, makamaka pankhani yosaka. Pankhaniyi, nsombazi zimathandizidwa ndi zaka zambiri zokumana nazo. Pofuna kukopa nyama yake, nsombayo imakhala modekha komanso mwamtendere m'madzi, kwinaku mchira wake utakhazikika pansi panyanja.
Chakudya cha shaki chikangowonekera pafupi, chimapanga mphezi kutsogolo ndi pakamwa pake pakamwa ndikumeza wovutitsa wofanana ndi theka la kutalika kwake.
Komanso, nsombazi zimatsekedwa, ndipo nsombazi zimatulutsa mphamvu yotulutsa shaki, yomwe imakoka chakudya kukamwa kwake. Nthawi yomweyo, mchira wa nsomba umathandizira kuyenda mwachangu, chifukwa umathamanga ngati njoka.
Kusuntha koteroko kumatsutsa kwathunthu lingaliro lakuti nsombazi zimakhala moyo wongokhala. Nsombayi imakhala yotseguka. Izi zimalola olandila ake kuti afike msanga komanso patali kwambiri atayandikira chamoyo.
Kudyetsa nsombazi
Kukhala makamaka panyanja, amadyetsa nsombazi okhala m'malo akuya. Nthawi zambiri, iye amadya cephalopods, nyamayi, nsomba zam'mimba ndi crustaceans. Nthawi zina amatha kudzipukusa ndi shaki kapena stingray.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Zing'onozing'ono kwambiri zimadziwika za momwe nsombazi zimaswana. Koma popeza momwe shaki wamatope amakhalamo, kusinthasintha kwakunja kwa kutentha sikukuwonetsedwa mwanjira iliyonse, ndiye asayansi ali ndi chifukwa chilichonse choganiza kuti nsombazi zimaswana chaka chonse.
Akazi alibe nsengwa, koma amaonedwa kuti ndi amisili. Chiwerengero cha mazira omwe amanyamula m'mazira ake kuyambira mazira 2 mpaka 15. Mimba yokazinga ya shark motalikirapo kuposa zinyama zonse. Mkazi amabala mazira kwa zaka 3.5.
Kwa mwezi uliwonse wamimba, mazira ake amakula masentimita 1.5 ndi ana 40-50 cm amabadwa kale, omwe mkaziyo sasamala nawo konse. Nsomba zokazinga zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 25.
