Kufotokozera ndi moyo
Nsomba zolusa za Taimen banja la salimoni. Amakhala m'madzi akulu ndi mitsinje ku Far East, Siberia, Altai, Northern Kazakhstan. Ochepera kuposa salimoni kulemera kwake. Thupi lokhazikika bwino limaphimbidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono.
Nsombayo ndi yopapatiza, yokhala ndi mutu wophwatalala, mkamwa mwamphamvu ndi mano akulu. Mtundu wowala wa siliva. Kumbuyo kwake kuli mdima, wokhala ndi ubweya wobiriwira, pamimba pamakhala mopepuka, zoyera zoyera. Pa thupi lake lalitali pali timadontho tambiri tating'onoting'ono, patsogolo pake kuposa kumbuyo.
Palinso mawanga kumutu, komwe amakhala okulirapo. Zipsepse za Caudal ndi nswala zofiira, zotsalazo ndi zotuwa; thoracic ndi m'mimba mopepuka pang'ono. Kulemera masewera zimasiyanasiyana ndi zaka. Ana azaka zisanu ndi ziwiri azolemera makilogalamu 3-4 amakula mpaka 70 cm.
Pakati pa nyengo yoswana, imasintha mtundu, imakhala yonyezimira yofiirira yamkuwa. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo nthawi zambiri imakhala zaka 15-17. Imakula moyo wonse. Imafikira kutalika kwa 200 cm ndi kulemera kwa 90 kg. Mmodzi mwa taimen wamkulu adagwidwa mumtsinje wa Yenisei.
Chikhalidwe
Kuyambira kale, anthu omwe amakhala ku Siberia amawona chimbalangondo ngati mbuye wa taiga, ndipo a taimen monga oyang'anira mitsinje ndi nyanja. Nsomba yamtengo wapatali iyi imakonda madzi oyera oyera komanso malo amchipululu, makamaka mitsinje yodzaza ndi mafunde othamanga, maiwe ndi maenje.
Izi ndi zitsamba zosadutsa Mtsinje wa Yenisei, pomwe pali chilengedwe chokongola kwambiri cha taiga. M'dera la Krasnoyarsk, taimen amafika pamiyeso yayikulu kwambiri. Taimen amakhala: Kemerovo, madera a Tomsk - mitsinje ya Kiya ndi Tom, Republic of Tuva, dera la Irkutsk - mitsinje: Lena, Angara, Oka. M'dera la Altai - m'misewu ya Ob.
Siberian taimen (wamba) - woyimira wamkulu kwambiri wa banja la salimoni. Imodzi mwa mitundu yamadzi amchere. Atenga gawo lalikulu ku Europe ndi North Asia. Nyama yayikulu kwambiri.
Amapezeka mumitsinje ya Siberia, beseni la Amur. Masika, madzi akakwera, nsomba zimayamba kuyenda motsutsana ndi zomwe zikupezekazo. Taimen amasankha nthaka yamiyala, pansi pamadzi, pomwe madzi apansi amatuluka.
Taimen ndiwosambira mwamphamvu komanso wosasunthika, wokhala ndi thupi lamphamvu komanso kumbuyo kwakukulu. M'nyengo yotentha imakhala m'maenje akuya pansi pa mafunde, yolumikizana ndi malo osagwirizana, m'malo opanda phokoso. Itha kukhala m'magulu a anthu angapo pakatikati pamtsinje.
Amadziwa gawo lake lamtsinje. Chakudya chamadzulo. M'mawa amapuma atasaka. Mukugwa mvula yamvula, kusaka usana ndi usiku. Nsomba zamphamvu komanso zothamanga, zimatha kulumpha pamiyendo ndi zopinga zina.
Kuti asunge nsomba zokongolazi monga mtundu, njira zopewera zikuyambitsidwa. Lonse kusodza nsomba yochitidwa molingana ndi mfundo - "kugwira - kumasulidwa". Kuphatikiza apo, uwu ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wowona kukula kwake ndikukula m'chilengedwe chake.
Khalidwe la nsomba ndi mawonekedwe
Amakhala kumunsi kwa mtsinje, m'malo opumulirako pansi pamadzi. M'bandakucha ndi madzulo, imasaka pafupi ndi pamwamba pake. M'nyengo yozizira, pansi pa ayezi. Oyimira achichepere amalowa m'magulu. Nsomba zazikulu zimakonda kusambira zokha, nthawi zina kumangirirana. Ntchito za salimoni zimawonjezeka ndikuchepa kwa kutentha.
Ngati madzi ali ofunda, nsomba zimalephera kuyenda, zimapewedwa. Ntchito yayikulu kwambiri imachitika m'mwezi wa Seputembara, pomwe taimen ikulemera. Sachita mantha ndi ziboda ndi ming'alu, amatha kudumpha pamphompho kapena kutseka pang'ono.
Amatha kuyenda m'madzi osaya pamene misana yawo imawonekera pamwamba pamadzi. Amakonda mvula, nyengo yamvula. Amakhulupirira kuti imayandama mwachangu mpaka mu chifunga, ndipo pakakhala chifunga, kuthamanga kumayendetsa mwachangu. Asodzi amati nsomba zimatha kupanga mawu omwe amamveka pansi pamadzi.
Chakudya
Pakutha mwezi wachiwiri chilimwe, mwachangu amakula mpaka 40 mm, chakudya choyamba cha mwachangu ndi mphutsi za abale awo. M'zaka zoyambirira za 3-4, nsomba za taimen zimadyetsa tizilombo ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba zina, makamaka, nsomba. Akuluakulu - nsomba: nsomba, gudgeons ndi nyama zina zamadzi. Amakondanso ndi mbalame zam'madzi ndi zinyama zina (abakha, zikopa, mbewa zowopsa).
Tinyama tating'onoting'ono titha kukhala nyama yake ngati ili pafupi ndi madzi. Tidzatuluka m'madzi ndikutenga kamnyamayo pamtunda. Amakonda achule, mbewa, agologolo, abakha ngakhale atsekwe, koma koposa zonse - mwana wakuda. Taimen imadyetsa chaka chonse, kupatula nthawi yobereka, makamaka ikangobereka. Kukula mofulumira. Pofika zaka khumi amafika kutalika masentimita zana, makilogalamu 10 kulemera.
Kubereka
Ku Altai kumabadwa mu Epulo, kumpoto kwa Urals mu Meyi. Msuzi caviar ofiira ofiira, kukula kwa nandolo (5 mm kapena kuposa). Amakhulupirira kuti caviar imabereka kangapo pachaka, koma kangapo. Pambuyo pobereka, amabwerera kwawo kumalo awo akale "okhala".
Ambiri mazira a munthu mmodzi ndi 10-30 zikwi. Mkazi amaikira mazira mu dzenje kunsi kwa mtsinje, zomwe iyemwini amachita. Amuna mu kuswana nthenga zabwino, thupi lawo, makamaka pansi pa mchira, amakhala lalanje-wofiira. Kukongola kosaiwalika kwachilengedwe - masewera osakanikirana a nsomba za taimen!
Kugwira ma taimen
Mtundu uwu si wamalonda ayi. Mbewa imatha kukhala ngati cholumikizira (mdima usiku, kuwala masana). Kwa taimen yaying'ono, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nyongolotsi. Malinga ndi asodzi, imachita zolanda munjira zosiyanasiyana: imatha kumenya ndi mchira wake kapena kumeza ndikupita kuzama. Itha kuthyola kapena kuthyola mzere panthawi yakusodza m'madzi. Kuti musawononge nsombazo, muyenera kukoka gombe mwachangu, ndikukoka mbedza ndi ndowe.
Pazunguliro kapena kusodza kwina, chilolezo chapadera kuchokera kwa oyang'anira dera chimafunika, popeza nsomba za taimen ndizotetezedwa ndi lamulo. Mitundu ya taimen: Sakhalin (m'nyanja ya Japan, ndi madzi abwino ndi amchere amchere okha ndi abwino), Danube, Siberia - madzi oyera.
Taimen ndi zokongoletsa zachilengedwe zaku Siberia. Chifukwa chakuphwanya malo, kuchepa kwa manambala, mtengo wa taimen ndiwokwera. Malo obzala kumtunda kwa Ob ndi anthu 230 okha. Mu 1998, taimen idaphatikizidwa mu Red Book of the Altai Territory. Lero kugwira taimen yoletsedwa! M'nthawi yathu ino, pulogalamu ikukonzedwa kuti ibwezeretse ndi kuteteza mitundu ya zamoyo.
