Nchiyani chomwe chingakhale chabwino kwa msodzi kuposa kugwira bwino? Imodzi mwa zikho zodziwika bwino komanso zofunika kwambiri posodza ndi kodula. Ndizosangalatsa kumugwira. Izi ndizofanana ndi mpikisano wamasewera.
Ogwidwa kwambiri nsomba za cod ku Norway. Chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi pali mipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi pamasewera osodza nsomba zodabwitsa izi. Apa ndi pomwe cholembera cholembera chidalembedwacho chinali cholemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 100 ndipo chinali ndi kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka.
Ndi m'modzi wofala kwambiri m'banja la cod. Palinso ma subspecies angapo. Kale, amatchedwa "labardan". Masiku ano, amatchedwa cod chifukwa cha nyama yake yapadera, yomwe imayamba kusweka itayanika.
Ili ndiye mtundu woyamba. Ena amati nkhodoyi imatchedwa choncho, chifukwa ziweto zake zazikulu, zikamapita kukaswana, zimamveka ngati phokoso. Phokoso ili limapangidwa mwadzidzidzi mwa nsombazi chifukwa chakuchepetsa kwa minofu ya chikhodzodzo.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala cod
Kukula kwa cod sikuima m'moyo wake wonse. Ambiri mwa nsomba zam'nyanja ali ndi zaka zitatu ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 45-55. Magawo a akulu amadalira kwathunthu malo awo okhala komanso moyo wawo. Lalikulu kwambiri, monga tanenera kale, limatha kutalika kwa 1.5-2 mita ndikulemera 95 kg.
Kuyang'ana chithunzi cha cod Mutha kuwona kuti thupi la nsombayo linali lopindika. Zipsepse zamkati ndi zipsepse zitatu kumbuyo zimawonekera bwino. Mutu wa nsombayo ndi waukulu ndi nsagwada zosalingana.
Nsagwada zakumunsi ndizocheperako poyerekeza ndi zakumwambazo. Chizindikiro cha onse mitundu ya cod ndi tendril yomwe imamera pachibwano. Mamba a nsombazi si akulu komanso osokonekera. Amayang'aniridwa ndi zobiriwira, zachikasu ndi maolivi, ophatikizidwa ndi mabala ang'onoang'ono abulauni. Kuphatikiza apo, mbali zonse zimakhala zopepuka kuposa kumbuyo, ndipo m'mimba mumayera kwathunthu kapena kopanda chikasu.
Pali mitundu inayi ya cod mu mtundu, momwe pollock adaonjezerapo kalekale:
— Nyanja ya Atlantic ankaona nsomba yaikulu kwambiri pa nsomba zonsezi. Imatha kutalika mpaka mita ziwiri, ndi mulingo wa 95 kg. Mimba yake ndi yoyera kwathunthu kumbuyo kwake ndi kofiirira kapena azitona, ndimayendedwe obiriwira. Mitunduyi imakhala makamaka ku Baltic Sea ndi Greenland.
— Pacific cod ocheperako pang'ono kuposa Atlantic. Amakula mpaka 120 cm, ndikulemera kwa 23 kg. Kunja, imafanana kwambiri ndi cod ya Atlantic. Chokhacho ndi mutu wake, womwe ndi wokulirapo komanso wokulirapo. Nyanja ya Pacific Pacific, Nyanja ya Bering, Nyanja ya Okhotsk ndi Nyanja ya Japan ndi malo amtunduwu.
— Cod yaku Greenland ofanana kwambiri ndi Pacific Ocean, kokha ndi kukula kocheperako. Kutalika kwake, nsombayi imafika masentimita 77 motsatana, ndipo kulemera kwake kumachepa. Mukayang'ana dzina la nsombayo, mutha kuipeza ku Greenland.
- Pollock ali ndi thupi locheperako. Kutalika kwake kumakhala kwa masentimita 90. Ndipo kulemera kwake sikuposa 4 kg. Kunja, pollock imafanana pamitundu yonse ya cod. Pollock amakonda madzi oundana a Pacific ndi kumpoto kwa nyanja. Zaka zoyambirira za cod sizigwira ntchito kwenikweni. Amatha kupirira kutentha pang'ono. Cod pafupifupi silingalowe konse m'madzi a kunyanja zakumwera.
Amapereka zokonda zake kumadzi ozizira am'madzi akumpoto, omwe amapezeka kumpoto chakumapeto kwa dziko lapansi. Nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zimapezeka ku North Atlantic.
Koma ndi zonsezi, kutentha kotsika sikukondanso cod. Nsombazo zimamva bwino kwambiri m'madzi ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 1-10 Celsius. M'malo momwe madzi amazizira kwambiri, cod imakwera mpaka kumtunda ndipo imakhala nthawi yayitali pamenepo.
Nsomba, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe otere, zimatha kusuntha mosavuta kuchokera kumunsi pansi mpaka makulidwe amitsinje yamadzi. Izi zimathandiza kuti cod izizolowera chilengedwe chake. Koma sizokhazi.
Cod imakonda kukhala pasukulu, imatha kusintha kuya ndikusintha kuchokera pachakudya china kupita china. Nsomba yayikulu kwambiri imakula msanga ndipo ndi imodzi mwamadzi ochuluka kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Anthu amaitenga ngati "mphatso ya Mulungu" chifukwa palibe chomwe chimatayidwa. Cod chiwindi kudzaza mimba yake. Pambuyo pokonzekera mwapadera, mafupa ake amakhalanso oyenera kudya. Ndipo mutu ndi matumbo ena onse mutaphika ndi feteleza wabwino kwambiri.
Msodzi wamalonda uyu ali ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yabwino. Koma palinso mbali zoyipa za cod. Nthawi zina, ngakhale sizichitika kawirikawiri, tiziromboti titha kupezeka mu nsombazi. Ikhoza kukhala ndi mphutsi za tapeworm zomwe zili zoopsa mthupi la munthu. Chifukwa chake, mukamadula, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mkatikati mwa nsomba ndi m'chiuno mwake.
Ngakhale itakonzedwa pamalo otentha kwambiri, nyamayo imabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu kwa anthu, chifukwa imatha kuwapatsira nyongolotsi. Cod chiwindi amathanso kukhala ndi nematode helminths. Kuti muwone pachiwindi, imangofunika kudula mzidutswa tating'ono ting'ono. Zambiri mwazimenezi zimapezeka munyama zam'chitini ndi chiwindi cha cod.
Ambiri akudabwa nsomba za m'nyanja kapena nsomba za mumtsinje. Palibe yankho lokhazikika. Chifukwa mitundu yake ina yazolowera kukhala m'madzi abwino.
Mtsinje wa cod pafupifupi sizimasiyana ndi mlongo wake wam'madzi, zomwezo zakunja, moyo womwewo komanso nthawi yake. Kusiyana kwawo kokha ndikuti nsomba zamadzi amchere zimatha kukhwimitsa pang'ono pang'ono ndipo sizimayenda mtunda wautali ngati nsomba zam'nyanja.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa cod
Khalidwe ndi moyo wa kodoyo zimagwirizana kwathunthu ndi malo ake. Pacific cod imakonda kukhala pansi. Mu nyengo yake, imatha kungoyenda pamtunda wawutali. M'nyengo yozizira yozizira, amakonda kukhala pamtunda wa mamita 30-55. Ndipo kutentha kutangoyamba, adayambanso kuyenda pagombe.
Cod ya Atlantic imadalira kwathunthu mafunde am'nyanja. Kusamuka kwa nthawi yayitali kuli mwa dongosolo la iye. Pakusambira koteroko, sukulu zamasamba zimayenda mtunda wotalikirapo kuchokera pomwe zimadzera kuti zizinenepetse. Nthawi zina zimafika mpaka 1.5 zikwi.
Pachithunzicho, cod ya Atlantic
Cod imakonda kusambira m'madzi akuya. Koma, ngati akufuna kugwira nyama, amapita popanda mavuto. Mwakutero, iyi si nsomba yakusukulu kwenikweni. Koma mutha kuwona magulu ake ambiri m'malo omwe muli chakudya chochuluka.
Kudyetsa Cod
Ndi nsomba zolusa. Ndipo nyama yake yolanda nyama idawonetsedwa kale ali ndi zaka zitatu. Mpaka zaka zitatu, cod amadya plankton ndi ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono. Kwa akulu, zomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi capelin, saury, hering'i, Arctic cod, sprat ndi smelt. Kudya nyama ndikovomerezeka pakati pa nsomba zamtundu uwu. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zazikulu zimatha kudya zazing'ono.
Pacific cod imadyetsa pollock, navaga, nyongolotsi, ndi nkhono. Kuphatikiza pa nsomba, cod imatha kudya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timakwanira pansi panyanja.
Kubereketsa ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya cod
Cod imakula msinkhu wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi. Mu pollock, zonsezi zimachitika kale kwambiri, ali ndi zaka 3-4 ali okonzeka kubereka. Ndipanthawi yomwe nsomba imayamba kupita kumalo osungira.
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, chochitika chofunikira ichi chimachitika ndi cod. Zazimayi zimayamba kubala pafupifupi 100 m. Izi zimatenga milungu ingapo. Akazi amaponya mazira m'magawo. Nthawi yonseyi, yamphongo imakhala pafupi ndipo imathira mazira. Izi ndi zina mwa nsomba zochuluka kwambiri. Mkazi mmodzi amatha kubala mazira 500 mpaka 6 miliyoni.
Mazira a Pacific cod amakhazikika pansi panyanja ndipo amamangiriridwa kuzomera zapansi. Roe ya cod ya Atlantic imanyamulidwira kutali kumpoto ndi zomwe zilipo ndipo mwachangu amapangidwa pafupi ndi kumpoto kwa kumpoto. Cod imakhala pafupifupi zaka 25.
Kusodza nsomba
Kugwira nsomba iyi kwakhala kosangalatsa nthawi zonse. Koposa zonse, imaluma nyongolotsi yamoyo, makamaka ziphuphu. Njira yeniyeni yoigwirira ndi "prying". Nthawi yomweyo, mbedza yokhala ndi nyambo imaponyedwa m'madzi, kenako imakokedwa mwamphamvu ndipo nsomba sizitenga nthawi yayitali.
Pachithunzicho, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotumizira cod yophika
Momwe mungaphike cod
Zakudya zabwino zitha kukonzedwa ndi nsomba iyi. Chokoma kwambiri komanso chopatsa thanzi nsomba zazikuluzikulu. Cod ndi zamzitini, kuzifutsa, zokazinga, stewed, yophika, yamchere. Chokoma cod mu uvuni.
Pachifukwa ichi muyenera kusamba bwino fillet yachinsinsi, mchere ndi tsabola, ikani pepala lophika. Payokha, sakanizani chimodzimodzi magawo a mayonesi ndi kirimu wowawasa. Onjezerani madzi a mandimu ndi mpiru pang'ono ku msuziwu.
Thirani tizidutswa ta nsomba ndi izi ndikuyika mu uvuni wotentha kwa theka la ola. Mbaleyo imakhala yosangalatsa komanso yathanzi. Sangathe kusiyanitsa menyu wawo, komanso kudyetsa thupi ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza zomwe nsomba ili nazo.
