Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Manta ray ndi mtundu wina wamtundu umodzi, womwe uli ndi awiriawiri atatu amiyendo yogwira ntchito. M'lifupi mwa oimira mitundu yayikuluyo amatha kufika mamita 10, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu apakatikati - pafupifupi 5 mita.
Kulemera kwawo kumasinthasintha kuzungulira matani 3. M'Chisipanishi, liwu loti "stingray" limatanthauza bulangeti, ndiye kuti, nyamayo idadziwika ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe. Malo achilengedwe stingray manta - kotentha, kotentha ndi kotentha madzi. Kuzama kumasiyanasiyana - kuchokera kumadera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja mpaka mita 100-120.
Amavomereza kuti zikhalidwe za chamoyo ndi mawonekedwe achilendo amaloleza manta kutsika mpaka kupitirira mita 1000. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a ma stingray pafupi ndi magombe amathandizidwa ndikusintha kwa nyengo ndi nthawi yamasana.
Chifukwa chake, mchaka ndi nthawi yophukira, ma stingray amakhala m'madzi osaya, m'nyengo yozizira amasambira kupita kunyanja. Zomwezo zimachitika ndikusintha kwa nthawi yamasana - masana, nyama zimayandikira chapamwamba, usiku zimathamangira kuya. Thupi la nyama ndi rombus yosunthika, chifukwa zipsepse zake zimaphatikizidwa mokwanira ndi mutu.
Manta ray pachithunzipa kuchokera pamwamba chimawoneka ngati malo opingasa olowerera pamadzi. Kuchokera kumbali kumawoneka kuti "malowa" pankhaniyi amayendetsa thupi lake m'mafunde ndikuyendetsa mchira wake wautali. Pakamwa pa manta ray zili kumtunda kwake, komwe kumatchedwa kubwerera. Ngati pakamwa patseguka, "dzenje" limaphwanyaphwanya thupi la stingray, pafupifupi mita imodzi mulifupi. Maso ali pamalo omwewo, m'mbali mwa mutu womwe umatuluka mthupi.
Pachithunzicho, manta ray yokhala ndi pakamwa potsegula
Pamaso pake pamakhala mdima wakuda, nthawi zambiri bulauni, buluu kapena wakuda. Mimba ndi yopepuka. Nthawi zambiri kumbuyo kumakhala mawanga oyera, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati ngowe. Palinso oimira akuda kwathunthu amtunduwu, malo owala okha omwe ali ndi malo ochepa kumunsi.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Kuyenda kwa kuwala kwa manta kumachitika chifukwa cha kuyenda kwa zipsepse zosakanikirana ndi mutu. Kuchokera panja, imawoneka ngati kuthawa mosapumira kapena kukwera pamwamba pamtunda kuposa kusambira. Nyamayo imawoneka yamtendere komanso yomasuka, komabe manta ray kukula zimapangitsa munthuyo kumva kuti ali pachiwopsezo pafupi naye.
M'madzi akulu, otsetsereka amayenda makamaka m'njira yowongoka, amakhala ndi liwiro lomwelo kwa nthawi yayitali. Pamwamba pamadzi, pomwe dzuŵa limafunda, kutsetsereka kumatha kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono.
Manta ray wamkulu kwambiri Amatha kukhala motalikirana ndi nthumwi zina za mitunduyo, ndipo amatha kusonkhana m'magulu akulu (mpaka anthu 50). Zimphona zimakhala bwino m'deralo ndi nsomba zina komanso nyama zina zopanda nkhanza.
Kulumpha ndichizolowezi chosangalatsa cha nyama. Manta ray akudumpha kuchokera m'madzi ndipo amatha kupanga zovuta zina pamwamba pake. Nthawi zina mchitidwewu umakhala wokulirapo ndipo mutha kuwona zochitika zina zotsatirazi kapena munthawi yomweyo.
Tsoka ilo, asayansi alibe yankho lenileni komwe kumakhudzana ndi gawo lamoyo. Mwinanso kusiyanasiyana kwa gule wosakanizirana kapena kuyesera kosavuta kutaya tiziromboti.
Wina chochititsa chidwi chokhudza manta ray ndikuti chimphona ichi chiyenera kukhala chikuyenda, chifukwa nyamayi sakutukuka. Kusuntha kumathandiza kupopera madzi kudzera m'mitsempha.
Nthawi zambiri chimphona manta ray amakhala wogwidwa ndi nsombazi zazikulu kapena anamgumi opha. Komanso, mawonekedwe a thupi la stingray amapangitsa kuti azikhala nyama yosavuta ya nsomba zam'madzi ndi nkhanu. Komabe, majeremusi si vuto - ma mantas amamva zochuluka zawo ndikupita kukasaka wakupha tiziromboti - nkhanu.
Asayansi amati malowa Ali kuti manta rayakuwoneka kwa iye ngati mapu. Amabwerera ku gwero limodzi kukachotsa tiziromboti, ndipo amayendera pafupipafupi malo okhala ndi zakudya zambiri.
Chakudya
Pafupifupi aliyense wokhala padziko lapansi pansi pamadzi atha kukhala nyama ya kuwala kwa manta. Oimira mitundu yaying'ono amadya nyongolotsi zosiyanasiyana, mphutsi, ma molluscs, ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono, amatha kugwira nyamayi zazing'ono. Ndiko kuti, sing'anga ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono manti kuyamwa chakudya nyama.
Amaona ngati zododometsa kuti zimphona zazikuluzikulu, m'malo mwake, zimadya makamaka nsomba zam'madzi ndi tinsomba tating'onoting'ono. Kudutsa madzi palokha, mbalameyi imadzisefa, kusiya nyama ndi mpweya zitasungunuka m'madzi. Ngakhale "kusaka" kwa plankton, kuwala kwa manta kumatha kuyenda mtunda wautali, ngakhale sikukula mwachangu. Avereji yothamanga ndi 10 km / h.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Njira yoberekera ya ma stingray ndi yotukuka kwambiri komanso yovuta. Mazira a Manta amaberekanso m'njira yovoviviparous. Feteleza imachitika mkati. Amuna amakhala okonzeka kukwatirana thupi lonse likafika mita 4, nthawi zambiri amakula msinkhu wa zaka 5-6. Mkazi wamkazi ndi wa 5-6 mita mulifupi. Kukula msinkhu ndi chimodzimodzi.
Magule osakwatirana a ma stingray ndi njira yovuta. Poyamba, wamwamuna m'modzi kapena angapo amatsata wamkazi m'modzi. Izi zitha kupitilira theka la ola. Mkazi nayenso amasankha wokwatirana naye.
Mwamuna akangofika kumene kwa wosankhidwayo, amatembenuza mimba yake, kumugwira ndi zipsepse. Amuna amalowetsa mbolo mu cloaca. Ma stingray amakhala pamalo amenewa pakangopita mphindi zochepa, pomwe umuna umachitika. Milandu yafotokozedwa komwe amuna angapo apatsidwa umuna.
Mazirawo amakhala ndi umuna mthupi la wamkazi ndipo anawo amaswa pamenepo. Poyamba, amadyetsa zotsalira za "chipolopolocho", ndiye kuti ndulu, momwe mazirawo amakhala ngati mazira. Ndiye, pamene izi zatha, amayamba kulandira michere kuchokera mkaka wa m'mawere.
Chifukwa chake, mazirawo amakhala mthupi la wamkazi pafupifupi chaka chimodzi. Mbalame yotchedwa stingray imatha kubala mwana mmodzi kapena awiri nthawi imodzi. Izi zimachitika m'madzi osaya, pomwe amakhala mpaka atapeza mphamvu. Kutalika kwa thupi kwa stingray yaying'ono kumatha kufikira mita 1.5.
