Chisindikizo cha Baikal. Moyo ndi malo okhala Baikal seal

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Nyanja yakuya kwambiri komanso yapadera kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi Baikal. Ndiko komwe mungapeze nyama zapadera zomwe sizipezekanso kwina - zisindikizo za Baikal, zamapiri, zotsalira za nyama zapamwamba.

Chisindikizo cha Baikal Wa banja lachisindikizo ndipo amapanga mtundu wina. Ichi ndi nyama imodzi yokha kunyanja ya Baikal. Nyama yabwinoyi idamveka koyamba ndikufotokozedwa paulendo wa Bering.

Gululi lidaphatikizapo asayansi osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza omwe adachita nawo kafukufuku wamtundu wa Baikal. Zinachokera kwa iwo kuti zoyamba kufotokozedwa Kufotokozera za chisindikizo.

Nyama zokhomedwa pa Nyanja ya Baikal ndizodabwitsa kwambiri. Kupatula apo, ndichizolowezi kuganiza kuti zisindikizo ndi zachilengedwe ku Arctic ndi Antarctic. Zomwe zidachitika kuti nyama izi zidabwera ku Eastern Siberia sizingakhale chinsinsi kwa aliyense.

Pachithunzichi chidindo cha Baikal

Koma izi zidakalipo, ndipo chodabwitsa ichi chimapangitsa Nyanja ya Baikal kukhala yodabwitsa kwambiri komanso yachilendo. Yatsani chithunzi cha chidindo cha Baikal mutha kuwonera kosatha. Kukula kwake kodabwitsa komanso mawonekedwe ena achichepere pankhope yake zimawoneka ngati zosagwirizana.

Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala Baikal seal

Imeneyi ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi ndi kutalika kwa munthu kwa 1.65 cm, ndikulemera 50 mpaka 130 kg. Nyamayo imakhala yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda komanso lolimba kulikonse. Ilibe m'maso ndi mphuno zokha. Amapezekanso pamapiko a nyama. Sindikiza ubweya makamaka imvi kapena bulauni-bulauni ndi utoto wokhala wokongola kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, gawo lakumunsi kwa chifuwa chake ndi chopepuka kuposa chapamwamba.

Sindikiza nyama amasambira popanda mavuto chifukwa cha nembanemba zala zake. Zikhadabo zamphamvu zimawoneka bwino kumiyendo yakutsogolo. Pa miyendo yakumbuyo, ndi ocheperako pang'ono. Khosi la chisindikizo silipezeka.

Akazi nthawi zonse amakhala okulirapo pang'ono kuposa amuna. Pali chikope chachitatu pamaso pa chisindikizo. Atakhala mlengalenga kwa nthawi yayitali, maso ake amayamba kutuluka mosasamala. Thupi la nyama limangokhala kuchuluka kwamafuta.

Mafuta osindikizira amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Mafuta ochepa amapezeka pamutu ndi m'manja. Mafuta amathandiza nyama kukhalabe ofunda m'madzi ozizira. Komanso mothandizidwa ndi mafutawa, chisindikizo chimatha kupyola munthawi yovuta ya kusowa kwa chakudya. Zosasintha Baikal chisindikizo mafuta amamuthandiza kugona pansi pamadzi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chisindikizo cha Baikal chimakhala ndi tulo tofa nato

Poterepa, amatha kugona tulo. Kugona kwawo ndikwamphamvu kwambiri. Pakhala pali zochitika pamene ena osambira amatembenuza nyama zogonazi, koma sanadzuke. Chisindikizo cha Baikal amakhala makamaka pa Nyanja ya Baikal.

Pali, komabe, kusiyanasiyana ndi zisindikizo zimathera ku Angara. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala pafupifupi nthawi yawo yonse muulamuliro wamadzi wanyanjayi ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuwonekera pamwamba pake.

Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti pali mpweya wokwanira pansi pa madzi, zisindikizo zimapanga timabowo tating'ono pa ayezi mothandizidwa ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa. Kukula kwanthawi zonse kwa mabowo otere kumachokera pa masentimita 40 mpaka 50. Pakatikati pa fanalo, ndikukula kwake.

Baikal chisindikizo pansi pa madzi

Kutha kwa nyengo yozizira kwa nyama yolumikizidwayo kumadziwika ndikutuluka pa ayezi. M'mwezi woyamba wachilimwe, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa nyama izi kumawonekera m'zilumba za Ushkany.

Ndiko komwe kuli malo osindikizira enieni. Dzuwa likangolowa kumwamba, nyamazi zimayamba kuyenda limodzi kulowera kuzilumba. Madzi oundanawo atachoka m'nyanjayi, zisindikizo zimayesetsa kuti zisayandikire m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa chidindo cha Baikal

Chosangalatsa ndichosindikiza ndikuti ikakhala pansi pamadzi, mphuno zake ndi zotseguka m'makutu zimatsekedwa ndi valavu yapadera. Nyama ikatuluka ndikutulutsa mpweya, kuthamanga kumakula ndipo ma valve amatseguka.

Nyamayo imamva bwino kwambiri, imatha kuona bwino komanso imanunkhiza bwino. Kuthamanga kwa chisindikizo m'madzi kumafika pafupifupi 25 km / h. Madzi oundana atasweka pa Nyanja ya Baikal, ndipo iyi imagwera miyezi ya Marichi-Meyi, chidindocho chimayamba kusungunuka. Pakadali pano, nyama ili ndi njala ndipo sikufuna madzi. Chisindikizo sichidya kalikonse panthawiyi; chili ndi mafuta okwanira amoyo wonse.

Ichi ndi champhamvu kwambiri, chofuna kudziwa, koma nthawi yomweyo nyama yochenjera. Imatha kuyang'anitsitsa munthu kuchokera m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikulowereramo kwathunthu ndikungotsala pamutu. Chisindikizo chikangozindikira kuti chawonedwa kuchokera pomwe amaonera, nthawi yomweyo, popanda kuphulika pang'ono kapena phokoso losafunikira, amalowa mwakachetechete m'madzi.

Nyama imeneyi ndi yosavuta kuphunzitsa. Amakhala okondedwa kwambiri pagulu. Palibe chiwonetsero cha zisindikizo za Baikal, yomwe imachezeredwa ndi chisangalalo chachikulu ndi akulu komanso ana.

Zisindikizo za Baikal zimawonetsa ophunzira

Chisindikizo cha Baikal chiribe adani koma anthu. M'zaka zapitazi, anthu anali kuchita nawo kwambiri kutulutsa zisindikizo mwamphamvu. Uku kunali kwakukulu kwambiri pakampani. Kwenikweni chilichonse chomwe chinyama ichi chimakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nyali zapadera m'migodi zimadzaza mafuta a zisindikizo, nyama idadyedwa, ndipo chikopa chimayamikiridwa makamaka ndi osaka taiga.

Ankagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma ski apamwamba, othamanga kwambiri. Masewerawa anali osiyana ndi ma ski wamba chifukwa samatha kubwerera kumtunda kulikonse. Zinafika poti nyamayo inayamba kuchepa. Chifukwa chake, mu 1980, lingaliro limodzi lidapangidwa kuti amupulumutse, ndipo Chisindikizo cha Baikal adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiira.

Pachithunzicho, mwana wa chidindo cha Baikal

Chakudya cha Baikal seal

Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri zisindikizozo ndi mitu ikuluikulu ya Baikal. Nyama iyi imatha kudya zakudya zopitilira matani awa pachaka. Kawirikawiri omul amapezeka muzakudya zawo. Nsombazi zimapanga 1-2% yazakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku za chinyama. Pali mphekesera zopanda umboni kuti zisindikizo zikuwononga anthu onse a Baikal omul. M'malo mwake, sizili choncho. Amapezeka mu chakudya cha chisindikizo, koma kawirikawiri.

Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo pachisindikizo cha Baikal

Kutha kwa nyengo yachisanu mu chisindikizo cha Baikal kumalumikizidwa ndi njira yoberekera. Kutha msinkhu kwawo kumachitika ali ndi zaka zinayi. Mimba ya mkazi imakhala miyezi 11. Amakwawulira pa ayezi kuti akabereke ana. Ndi munthawi imeneyi pomwe chisindikizo chimakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi kuwopsa kwa alenje ndi opha nyama mosayenera.

Zisindikizo za Baikal zimabadwa zoyera, motero amatchedwa "zisindikizo zoyera"

Pofuna kudziteteza mwanjira ina kwa adani omwe angakhalepo komanso ku nyengo yozizira yamasiku, zisindikizo zimamanga mapanga apadera. Nyumbayi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi madzi kuti mkazi azitha kudziteteza nthawi iliyonse ndikuteteza ana ake ku ngozi zomwe zingachitike.

Pakati penipeni pakati pa Marichi, kamwana kakang'ono ka Baikal kamabadwa. Nthawi zambiri, mkazi amakhala ndi m'modzi, samakhala awiri, ndipo samachulukirapo atatu. Kulemera kwakung'ono pafupifupi 4 kg. Pafupifupi miyezi 3-4, mwana amadya mkaka wa m'mawere.

Iye wavala mkanjo wokongola wonyezimira ngati chipale chofewa, chifukwa chake amadzibisa okha mumayendedwe achisanu. Nthawi imapita ndikatha kusungunula anawo amakhala ndi ubweya wakuda ndi siliva, mawonekedwe amtundu wawo. Abambo satenga nawo mbali pakuleredwa.

Kukula kwa chidindo kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Amakula mpaka zaka 20. Zimachitika kuti anthu ena, osakula mpaka kukula, amafa. Kupatula apo, nthawi yayitali ya chisindikizo cha Baikal ili pafupifupi zaka 8-9.

Ngakhale asayansi awona kuti nyama iyi imatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 60. Koma pazifukwa zambiri komanso pazifukwa zina zakunja, ndizochepa kwambiri zoteteza pakati pazisindikizo, wina akhoza kunena zochepa. Oposa theka la nyama zonsezi ndi zisindikizo za m'badwo wachinyamata ali ndi zaka zisanu. Msinkhu wazisindikizo ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa mosavuta ndi ziphuphu zawo ndi zikhadabo.

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