Mawonekedwe ndi malo a kamba wam'madzi
Woyimira wamba wa gulu la zokwawa ndi Kamba wam'madzi... Kutalika kwa thupi la cholengedwa ichi kumakhala pakati pa 12 mpaka 35 cm, kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka kapena pang'ono pang'ono.
Monga tawonera chithunzi, akamba achinyontho Sikovuta kusiyanitsa ndi obadwa nawo ndi kapangidwe ka chigoba chaching'ono, chotsika, cholumikizidwa m'mbali ndi thupi lakumunsi ndi zotanuka; komanso kusapezeka kwa mulomo pankhope ya reptile ndi zina zakunja:
- mtundu wa chipolopolocho ukhoza kukhala wakuda, wabulauni kapena azitona;
- khungu lokutidwa ndi mawanga achikasu lili ndi kulocha kobiriwira;
- mwana wa maso a lalanje kapena wachikaso nthawi zambiri amakhala wamdima;
- miyendo yawo ndi zikopa za kusambira ndi zikhadabo zazitali;
- mchira, womwe umagwira ntchito ya chiwongolero poyenda pamadzi, ndi wautali ndithu.
Oimira mtundu wa akamba am'madzi amagawidwa ku Europe konse, amapezeka ku Middle East, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa.
Amakhala m'nkhalango, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndi m'mapiri, kuyesetsa kukhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, samangokhala m'madambo, monga dzina limanenera, koma m'mitsinje, mitsinje, ngalande ndi mayiwe.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa kamba wam'madzi
Nyama izi, za banja la akamba am'madzi abwino, zimagwira ntchito masana, pomwe usiku zimagona pansi pamadzi. Amamva bwino m'deralo, momwe amatha kukhala masiku awiri.
Koma pamtunda amakhalanso omasuka, choncho kamba yam'madzi imatha kupezeka pa kapinga, pomwe nyama zamagazizi zimakonda kutentha padzuwa, motero zimapatsa mphamvu thupi lawo.
Kamba wam'madzi amamva bwino m'madzi komanso pamtunda
Amayesa kupeza malo ena abwino osambitsiramo dzuwa, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nkhuni ndi miyala yotuluka m'madzi. Zinyama zimayesetsa kuyandikira kwambiri padzuwa ngakhale patakhala mitambo, masiku ozizira, ngakhale thambo lakutidwa ndi mitambo, kuyesera kuti ligwire kunyezimira kwa dzuwa likudutsa mumitambo.
Koma zikafika pangozi pang'ono, zokwawa zija zimangoyenderera m'madzi ndikubisala pansi pazinyama. Adani a zolengedwa awa akhoza kukhala nyama zolusa ndi mbalame.
Komanso, nthawi zambiri sayenera kuyembekezera zabwino zilizonse kuchokera kwa munthu, ndipo m'maiko ena akummawa ndichizolowezi kuzidya, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri anthu amtundu wa akamba am'madzi.
Mphamvu yakununkhiza ndi kuwona kwa zokwawa zotere imapangidwa bwino. Akamba amayenda movutikira mokwanira, akamba amasambira bwino kwambiri komanso mofulumira, ndipo miyendo yolimba imawathandiza kuyenda kwawo m'madzi.
Akamba am'mitsinje ali ndi zikhadabo zazikulu, zomwe zimawalola kuti adzikwirire okha mosanjikiza masamba kapena nthaka yamatope. Mwachilengedwe, zokwawa izi zimabisala nyengo yozizira. Izi zimachitika koyambirira kwa Novembala ndipo zimapitilira mpaka kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Amawerengedwa kuti ndi osowa kwenikweni, akamba am'madzi adaphatikizidwa mu Red Book. Ndipo ngakhale ziweto zonse ndizokhazikika, zasowa m'malo ena omwe zidapezedwa kale.
Mitundu ya akamba achisangalalo
Woyimira woimira mtunduwu amalingaliridwa Kamba wamadzi waku Europe. Iye ndi mwini wa carapace yosalala, yomwe imakhala yozungulira kapena yozungulira.
Mtundu wake ukhoza kukhala wachikasu wobiriwira kapena wakuda wokhala ndi pulogalamu, yokhala ndi mitundu ingapo ya kunyezimira komanso mizere, komanso mawanga oyera kapena achikaso. Ikakhala yonyowa, carapace imasintha mtundu ikamauma, kuchokera pakuwala padzuwa, pang'onopang'ono imapeza mthunzi wamatte.
Mutu wa kamba ndi wolunjika komanso wokulirapo, ndipo khungu lake ndi miyendo yake ndi yakuda, yokhala ndi mawanga. Zinyama zolemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka, ndipo zimafikira pafupifupi masentimita 35. Komanso, anthu akuluakulu kwambiri amakhala ku Russia.
Akamba achisangalalo aku Europe agawidwa m'magulu 13 okhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana. Anthu awo amasiyana mawonekedwe, kukula, utoto ndi magawo ena.
Kujambula ndi kamba wam'madzi waku Europe
Kudera la Russia, komwe kuli tizinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri tambiri, akamba akuda amapezeka, ndipo anthu okhala ndi chipolopolo chachikasu amakhala pansi pa dzuwa lotentha la Sicily.
Mtundu wa zokwawa zomwe zafotokozedwazo umaphatikizaponso mtundu wina - kamba wam'madzi waku America, yemwe ali ndi carapace kutalika kwa 25-27 cm. Chiyambi chachikulu cha chipolopolocho ndi maolivi amdima, ndipo mabala owala pang'ono amawoneka bwino.
Oimira nyama zamtunduwu ali ndi kufanana kwakukulu ndi akamba am'madzi aku Europe potengera mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mitundu iwiriyi ya nyama inali ya asayansi amtundu womwewo, koma kafukufuku wozama wazomwe zimachitika ndi mafupa amkati zapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zokwawa izi, zomwe zapangitsa kuti pakadali pano aziganizire kukhala osiyana mitundu ya akamba achisangalalo.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza kamba yam'madzi kunyumba
Zokwawa izi nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa ngati ziweto m'nyumba zawo. Zitha kugulidwa mosavuta kapena kugwidwa zokha m'malo awo, momwe miyezi yotentha yachilimwe ndiyabwino kwambiri.
Akamba achilengedwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako kuposa omwe amapezeka kuthengo. Kudzichepetsa kwawo kumalola aliyense, ngakhale eni ake osadziwa zambiri, kuti aziwasunga ngakhale kukhala ndi ana kuchokera ku ziweto zawo.
Care ndi kusunga kamba sizikutanthauza chilichonse chovuta. Komabe, kutsatira kwambiri zinthu zina zofunika kuzisamalira ndizofunikira kwa ziweto zoterezi. Ndipo kulakalaka kutengera cholengedwa ichi kunyumba kwanu kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zoyipa kuzilombo zopanda vutozi.
Kamba wamtchire kunyumba osatha kukhala moyo wopanda dzuwa. Ndicho chifukwa chake, nyengo yotentha ya chilimwe, achikulire athanzi amatha kupuma kuti ayende pabwalo la dacha yawo, makamaka ngati pali dziwe laling'ono lopangira pamenepo.
Kujambula ndi kamba wamtchire wakhanda
Zokwawa zotere zimatha kusungidwa awiriawiri, koma kusamalira kumbuyo Kamba wam'madzi imaganiza kupezeka kwa aquarium yokhala ndi malita osachepera zana, komanso malo otenthetsera, owunikiridwa ndi nyali ya ultraviolet, yomwe imayatsa chilengedwe mpaka 30 ° C ndikupatsa nyamazo maola khumi ndi awiri masana.
Kukhala panyumba, akamba am'madzi samabisala, ndipo eni ziweto akuyenera kudziwa izi osadandaula za izi. Zoyipa zake kusunga kamba wam'madzi ukali wake wosaneneka umagwira. Zinyama zimachita mantha kwambiri moti zimatha kuvulazana ngakhalenso kuluma michira yawo.
Sakhala ochezeka kwa ziweto zina, osalekerera omenyera mnyumba, makamaka pazochitika zakumenyera chakudya. Amatha kukhala achinyengo ndipo amatha kukhala owopsa kwa ana aang'ono ngati osasamala. Komabe, akamba ndi anzeru mokwanira ndipo amapereka mphotho kwa iwo omwe amawadyetsa moyamikira.
Kujambulidwa ndi kamba yam'madzi munyanja yam'madzi
Kudyetsa kamba
Mukamadyetsa, akamba amakhala odetsedwa kwambiri, chifukwa ndikwabwino kuti aziwayika muchidebe china panthawi yakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, zokwawa izi ndizosusuka kwambiri ndipo zimakonda kudya mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa chake ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti akulu amafunika kudyetsedwa patangopita masiku awiri lachitatu, koma akamba achichepere amafunika kudya tsiku lililonse.
Kamba wam'madzi amadya bwanji? Mwachilengedwe, amadyetsa nkhono, mbewa, crickets, nyongolotsi ndi achule, ma centipedes ndi crustaceans, komanso tizilombo, mphutsi ndi ndere zomwe zimapezeka m'malo am'madzi.
Akamba ndi nyama zolusa zedi zomwe zimatha kuukira ngakhale njoka, ndipo zimagwiranso, kumadya abuluzi ang'onoang'ono ndi anapiye a mbalame zam'madzi.Zomwe mungadyetse akamba am'madzingati ziweto? Ndikotheka kuwapatsa nkhuku ndi mtima wamtima ndi chiwindi, pamper pang'ono shrimp.
Nsomba zamoyo zazing'ono zazikulu, mwachitsanzo, ana agalu, nthawi zambiri amatulutsidwa mu aquarium kuti azidya kamba. Kudyetsa mavitamini ndi calcium ndizofunikira kwa ziweto zotere. Mwanjira imeneyi, chakudya chamagetsi chomwe chili ndi zonse zomwe mungafune ndichabwino kwambiri.
Kubalana ndi moyo wa kamba wam'madzi
Akawuka modzidzimutsa, akamba am'madzi amayamba kuswana, ndipo kumapeto kwa masewera osakanikirana, m'mabowo omwe adakumba pamtunda komanso pafupi ndi madzi, amaikira mazira okwanira zidutswa 12 mpaka 20. Amakwirira mosamala matako awo. Akamba akuda ang'onoang'ono osapitirira magalamu 20 amawonekera pakatha miyezi iwiri, kapena itatu ndi theka, motero zimachitika nthawi yophukira.
Nthawi zambiri, ana amakhala m'nyengo yozizira, ndikubowola pansi, pomwe achikulire nthawi zambiri amakhala ozizira pansi pamadzi. Achinyamata amadyetsa yolk sac yomwe ili pamimba pawo. Akamba am'madzi amatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha agalu amphaka ndi otter.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa zokwawa zotere kumakhalabe chinsinsi kwa asayansi, ndipo mpaka pano palibe mgwirizano pankhaniyi. Koma, monga nthumwi zonse za banja fulu, iwo ali-livers yaitali. Akatswiri nthawi zambiri amatcha chiwerengerochi kuyambira zaka 30-50, koma akatswiri ena azamoyo amakhulupirira kuti akamba am'madzi, nthawi zina, amatha kukhala zaka 100.
