Zofanana kwambiri ndi roach, wokongola komanso wotchuka nsomba zabwino ndi masikelo ake agolide amapezeka m'matupi onse amadzi ku Europe. Sapezeka kumwera kwenikweni komanso kumwera chakum'mawa.
Mwawona malingaliro zotheka m'madzi ndi mitsinje ya Siberia ndi North America. Ku Russia, nsomba iyi ili pafupifupi kulikonse. Simudzapeza ku Yakutia kokha ndi Kummawa. Chithunzi cha ide imatsimikizira mawuwo kuti amafanana kwambiri ndi roach. Kusiyana pakati pawo kumangokhala mtundu wamaso ndi kukula kwa masikelo. Malingaliro a nsomba ali ndi maso achikaso ndipo masikelo ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa a roach.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Koyamba, nsomba iyi siyosiyana kwambiri ndi ena ambiri. Kufotokozera kwa nsomba zabwino imangosonyeza zina zakusiyana pakati pawo. Masikelo ake ndi otuwa ndi kulocha kwagolide. Pansi pake pamakhala chopepuka kuposa pamwamba. Aliyense nthawi yomweyo amatenga chidwi ndi utoto wowoneka bwino wamaso. Zipsepse za nsombazo zimakhala ndi utoto wofiyira; ali ndi utoto wowala kwambiri mdera la anus ndi pamimba.
Thupi la nsombayo limawoneka lokulirapo komanso lakulimba. Nsombazo sizing'ono. Kutalika kwa wamkulu wamba kumachokera pa masentimita 30 mpaka 50. Koma ma ides amapezeka nthawi zambiri mpaka 1 mita kutalika. Kulemera kwake kwa nsomba kumakhala pafupifupi 1 kg, koma nthawi zina kulemera kwake kumafika 6-7 kg. Mphumi yotchuka imawonekera bwino pamutu wake wawung'ono. Pakamwa pa nsomba sikufanana.
Ndi madzi abwino nsomba za river river imatha kusintha madzi amchere popanda vuto lililonse, motero nthawi zina imatha kupezeka kunyanja. Amakonda mitsinje yakuya, yocheperako, malo okhala ndi maenje ndi maiwe, malo omata komanso opepuka.
Amakonda kukhala macheza. Amakonda kuyimirira m'magulu oyandikana ndi ziboda zomira, m'madziwe am'munsi mwa madamu. Kuchokera m'malo amenewa nthawi ndi nthawi amapita kukadzipezera chakudya m'malo omwe amayenda bwino.
Sizachilendo kuwona gulu la malingaliro akuyenda mozungulira m'mbali mwa mtsinjewo. Izi zimachitika mvula ikagwa bwino. Sukulu za nsombazi zimatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali kuti zibereke kapena kuzizira. Mtunda akuyembekezeka makilomita mazana angapo.
Nthawi zambiri ide miyoyo pamalire amadzi othamanga ndi madzi odekha. Ndiko komwe amakwanitsa kupeza chakudya chambiri. Lingaliro silimakonda kufika kumtunda kwa mitsinje yamapiri ataliatali, m'madzi omwe mumakhala mpweya wochepa, womwe umakhala wovuta kwambiri.
Nsombayi imagwira ntchito nthawi yachisanu. Amayesetsa kukhala m'malo akuya, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala olemera. Lingaliro lingagwiritse ntchito dzenjelo pakakhala nyengo yoyipa kwambiri komanso chisanu choopsa. Madzi oundana akangosungunuka, nsombazi zimakonda kupezeka.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
M'chilimwe, malingaliro amtundu wa nsomba amakhala pafupi ndi gombe. Chifukwa chake, ndizosavuta kwa iye kusamalira chakudya chake. Ndikosavuta komanso kothandiza kwambiri kuti nsomba zazikuluzikulu zizikhala motalikirana. Nsomba zazing'ono zimasungidwa kusukulu.
M'nyengo yozizira, onsewa amayesetsa kukhala limodzi ndikukhala limodzi. Iyi ndi nsomba yokongola kwambiri. Sizovuta kwa iye kupirira madigiri osiyanasiyana a kutentha kwa madzi ndi kuipitsidwa kwake. Koma mokulira, imakonda madzi okhala ndi akasupe ndi akasupe.
Za nsomba amadziwika kuti ndiwosamala kwambiri. Phokoso lililonse kapena zoopsa zilizonse zimamupangitsa kuyankha mwachangu. Nthaŵi zambiri, nsomba nthawi yomweyo imayesetsa kubwerera m'mbuyo, ikudumpha kuchokera m'madzi kupita mumlengalenga poyenda. Mphamvu yake ya kununkhira yayamba bwino, kotero amatha kumva fungo lonunkhira kuchokera patali.
M'nyengo yozizira, malingaliro amapita kuzama ndikukhala komweko mpaka kumapeto kwa dzinja. Asodzi odziwa amati malingaliro abwino amakhala pafupi ndi nsomba. Pakufika masika, nsomba zimayamba kusonkhana m'masukulu ndikukwera pagombe. Ndipo mitsinje ikamasulidwa ku madzi oundana, gulu la ma ides limakwera kumtunda.
Nthawi yomwe madzi oundana amachoka komanso mitsinje ikusefukira, magulu abwino amakhala pafupi ndi magombe. Koma siyiyenda kupitirira bedi lamtsinje. Izi ndichifukwa choti amayamba kubala msanga. Nsomba zabwino sadzafa chifukwa chakuchepa kwamadzi am'masika ngati itatsalira m'mbali mwa mtsinje. Asodzi ambiri azindikira kuti malingaliro amatha kupita kumtunda wamakilomita 150.
Akabereka, amabisala mpaka pansi pa dziwe. Pakangopita kanthawi m'pamene amapezeka m'mphepete mwa mchenga, pomwe akukwera kukadya. Ndipanthawi ino nsomba yabwino mwa njira iliyonse, kuchokera ku ndodo yophera nsomba kupita kuntchito zina zowedza.
Chakudya
Nsombazi sizimangokhalira kudya. Lingaliro, wina atha kunena, ndi lopanda tanthauzo. Zomera zosiyanasiyana, tizilombo, molluscs, nyongolotsi - amakonda chilichonse. Amakhazikika dala m'malo momwe muli zomera ndi ndere zambiri. Zakudya izi ndizoyenera zazing'ono. Kulemera kwake kukafika magalamu 600 ndipo ukuwonjezeka kukula, malingaliro amakhalanso ndi mwayi wodya nsomba zazing'ono.
Komanso tadpoles ndi achule ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinawonetsedwa kuti chidwi cha nsombayi chimakula kwambiri viburnum ikamasula. Inali nthawi imeneyi pomwe agulugufe amayamba kuwuluka onse, omwe amakonda kwambiri nsomba zambiri, kuphatikiza malingaliro. Koma chakudya chofunikira kwambiri pa nsombazi ndi mphutsi za tizilombo ta m'madzi.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo, nthawi yoberekera iyambika pamalingaliro. M'madera akumpoto, nthawi yopuma imayenda pafupifupi mwezi, mpaka madzi atenthe bwino. Masiku angapo ndi okwanira kuti athe kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Zimasiyanitsa pomwe madzi sanatenthe bwino. Poterepa, nthawi yobereka yachedwa.
Kuberekana kumachitika makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ngati nyengo ikutentha mokwanira, njirayi imachedwa mpaka pakati pausiku. Zodziwika bwino za nsomba zabwino ndikuti amayesa kumata mazira awo pamiyala kapena pazinyama zam'madzi, zomwe sizingateteze nthawi zonse kutuluka kwamadzi.
Nthawi zina mazira abwino amatha kudyedwa ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi. Pakukhazika mazira, nsomba zosamala nthawi zonse zimakhala zosasamala pang'ono ndipo zimatha kugwira msodzi aliyense mosavuta. Caviar yabwino ali ndi chikasu ndipo samasiyana ndi mazira ena onse a nsomba. Lingaliro limodzi likhoza kuikira mazira 42 mpaka 150,000. Nthawi yayitali ya nsomba iyi ndi pafupifupi zaka 15-20.
