Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Mulemba - ndi chiweto chomwe ndi chosakanizidwa cha kavalo ndi bulu. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa nyamayo kunayamba 480 BC, pomwe a Herodotus adalongosola za kuwukira kwa Mfumu Xerxes ku Greece.
Mu 1938, panali kale anthu pafupifupi 15 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Buluyo ali ngati mahatchi okhazikika, koma mutu wake umafanana ndi bulu. Kuchokera pa kavalo, bulu adalandira mwayi wokhoza kuyenda mwachangu, kuchokera pa bulu - kupirira ndi magwiridwe antchito. Bulu wamkulu amalemera makilogalamu 600. kutalika kwa masentimita 160.
Kutengera mawonekedwe amthupi ndi mawonekedwe amunthu, kukoka kwa nyulu kumatha kufika kotala la kulemera kwake. Ngakhale ubale wapamtima wa bulu wokhala ndi hinn (mtanda pakati pa stallion ndi bulu), ayenera kusiyanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake. Mule kujambulidwa ofanana kwambiri ndi kavalo wamba, koma zenizeni izi sizowona kwathunthu.
Mutu ndi miyendo yakumunsi ya bulu nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi ya bulu, ndipo tsitsi ndi mane zimafanana ndi za kavalo. Mtundu wa bulu nthawi zambiri umadziwika ndi mtundu wa mahatchiwo. Mwachizoloŵezi, chiweto ichi chikhoza kukhala cha mtundu uliwonse kupatulapo kavalo. Amapanga mawu okumbutsa kukuwa kwa abulu ndi kulira kwa mahatchi.
Chifukwa cha liwiro, ma nyulu amatenga nawo mbali m'mitundu. Ma nyulu samangokhala ndi mphamvu zathupi komanso thanzi labwino. Chitetezo chawo chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kotero anthu ena amatha kukhala zaka 60. Ndichizolowezi chogawa nyulu kuti zikhale phukusi ndikukweza ma nyulu.
Kujambula ndi bulu wokwera
Mangani ma bulu Ndi nyama yomwe imabwera chifukwa chokwera mahatchi olemera komanso bulu wamkulu. Choyimira choterocho chimatha kulemera mpaka makilogalamu 600-700, kukhala ndi thupi lonse ndikugundika mwamphamvu miyendo.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Bulu anatenga makhalidwe abwino kuchokera kwa kholo lawo. Sadziwika ndi khama la bulu, m'malo mwake, nyulu ndi nyama yanzeru kwambiri yomwe siyimalekerera nkhanza. Sichisowa kusamalidwa ndi kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito yokonza / kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomwe yachitika, ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kugula nyulu. Nyama ili ndi vuto lochepa chabe, ndiko kulephera kuthana ndi zopinga zazikulu, komabe, izi zimalipidwa ndi magwiridwe antchito kwambiri komanso kupirira.
Kujambula ndi nyulu yonyamula
Makhalidwe amenewa akhala akuyamikiridwa kale ndi nyama zolimbikira izi, chifukwa chake, ngakhale mu Middle Ages, olemekezeka ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo amakonda kuzikwera. Pambuyo pake, nyulu zinayamba kuswana m'maiko a Latin America: anthu aku Mexico adazigwiritsa ntchito kunyamula katundu, Aspanya - kugwira ntchito m'minda.
M'nthawi yankhondo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potengera zipolopolo zankhondo, ovulala ndi zina. Kulima nyulu kwakhala kofala m'maiko angapo ku Europe ndi Asia kuyambira nthawi zakale. Munthawi ya capitalism, pang'onopang'ono adayamba kutumizidwa ku North America ndi North Africa.
M'madera omwe anachokera ku Soviet, ulimi wa bulu umakhazikika m'maiko a Transcaucasian - Armenia, Azerbaijan ndi Georgia, komanso m'chigawo cha Central Asia. Ma nyulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito paulimi. Amamera m'mapiri ndi m'mapiri a madera otentha.
Pakani nyulu ndi katundu wa kilogalamu 150, ola limatha kuphimba kilomita 4-5. Amayamba kugwira ntchito pafupipafupi kuyambira azaka za 3. Chaka chotsatira, buluyo amatha kupirira zovuta zolimbitsa thupi.
Chakudya
Bulu ndi nyama, yomwe ndi yopanda ulemu mu chakudya - zakudya zake zimatha kukhala ndi mitundu yotsika mtengo ya chakudya. Zochita zapadziko lonse lapansi zikuwonetsa kuti kusungitsa nyulu, kuphatikizapo mtengo woyidyetsera, kumalumikizidwa ndi zocheperako poyerekeza ndi mtengo wofanana wosamalira mahatchi.
Komabe, sizinatsimikizidwe motsimikizika ngati amamwa chakudya bwino kuposa akavalo, komanso ngati kubwerera kwawo pachakudya ndikokwanira. Kukula kwa minofu, chakudya cha bulu chiyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zambiri zamapuloteni.
Zitha kukhala chimanga, udzu wa nyemba. Bulu sanganyoze ndiwo zamasamba - amatha kudyetsedwa bwino ndi kaloti kapena zitsamba. Chifukwa cha kuti nyulu ndi chisakanizo cha mitundu ya nyama, omwe chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi udzu, gawo lalikulu pachakudya chake ndi udzu wouma.
Zakudya zake za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhala ndi ma 6-7 kilogalamu audzu ndi ma kilogalamu atatu a chakudya chambiri. Pakakhala chakudya chosakanikirana, chitha kusinthidwa ndi mbatata kapena mbewu zina. Zakudya za mkaka ziyenera kukhala ndi ma kilogalamu 6 a udzu wabwino. Ndi zaka, kuchuluka kumawonjezeka, chakudya chimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono mu zakudya.
Chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha bulu chaka chimodzi ndi theka chimakhala ndi makilogalamu 10 a udzu ndi ma kilogalamu 3-4 a mavitamini. Kwa ana azaka ziwiri, gawo latsiku ndi tsiku la udzu limakulitsidwa mpaka ma kilogalamu a 12, oats amawonjezeredwa pachakudya.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Ma nyulu sangakhale ndi ana. Izi ndi zotsatira zakusiyanitsa kwamitundu iwiri pakati pa akavalo ndi abulu: ng'ombe yayikulu imakhala ndi ma chromosomes 64, pomwe bulu amakhala ndi ma chromosomes 62. Ngakhale mbiri yakale imadziwa milandu pomwe nyulu idapereka ana.
Ali ndi zaka ziwiri, nyulu zamwamuna zimatulutsidwa. Malamulo osamalira ana obadwa kumene ndi ofanana ndi omwe amasamalira ana. Mulata ndi nyama zotentha kwambiri, motero zimazindikira kutentha kozizira.
M'nyengo yozizira, amafunika kusungidwa m'zipinda zotentha komanso zotakasuka, kupatula maola 3-4 kuti ayende. Pazifukwa izi, khola, nkhokwe kapena malo osungidwa ndi abwino. M'nyengo yotentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizisunga madamu m'malo odyetserako ziweto nthawi yayitali.
Kuleredwa ndi maphunziro awo ziyenera kuchitika kuyambira ali aang'ono, popeza nyulu iliyonse imadziwika ndi khalidwe loumira. Kuyamwitsa nyulu kumachitika pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, komanso kumadera akumwera okhala ndi msipu wautali - osapitilira miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, munthu aliyense atha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 60, koma moyo wanthawi zonse amakhala zaka 40.
