Makhalidwe ndi malo a kalulu
Nyama iyi yochokera kumtundu wa hares ndiyodabwitsa, choyambirira, kukula kwake kwakukulu: kutalika kwa thupi lopitilira theka la mita, nthawi zina kumafika 70 cm, ndi kuchuluka kwa: hares kuchokera 4 mpaka 5 kg, ndi hares mpaka 7 kg.
Kalulu yogawidwa m'makontinenti onse, ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, yaphunziridwa bwino ndi asayansi ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi zizolowezi zake zimadziwika bwino kwa onse okonda zachilengedwe. Maonekedwe a kalulu Ndiwodziwika bwino, ndipo sizovuta kusiyanitsa ndi obadwa nawo - oyimira gulu la Lagomorphs.
Maso a nyama ali ndi mthunzi wapachiyambi wobiriwira. Malamulo anyamayo ndi osalimba, ndipo makutu, miyendo ndi mchira wautali kwambiri (wakuda pamwamba ndi woboola pakati) ndizofunikira kusiyanitsa kalulu kuchokera kalulu woyera.
Mtundu wa chinyama ndichosangalatsa mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa nyamazo zimasungunuka ndikusintha mitundu yawo kawiri pachaka. Monga mukuwonera chithunzi cha kalulu, nthawi yotentha malaya ake opyapyala komanso owala amasiyana ndi bulauni, bulauni, azitona, imvi ndi imvi.
NDI yozizira kalulu imayeretsa kwambiri. Komabe, silikhala loyera ngati chipale chofewa, lomwe limadziwika kwambiri m'malo amdima aubweya kutsogolo kwa msana, komanso utoto wa ubweya m'makutu ndi mutu wa kalulu.
Maonekedwe awa ndichimodzi mwazizindikiro zambiri zomwe kalulu amatha kusiyanitsidwa pakukumana, mwachitsanzo, ndi kalulu mnzake, yemwe amakhala ndi utoto woyera kwambiri chipale chofewa, kupatula nsonga zamakutu zomwe zimasanduka zakuda pamtunda wachisanu, chifukwa chomwe kalulu ndi kalulu amakhala wosaoneka kwathunthu pakati pa nyengo yozizira.
Pachithunzicho, kalulu m'nyengo yozizira
Pali hares za ku Europe ndi ku Asia, komanso ku Australia ndi South America. Adakwanitsa kuzolowera bwino ndikukhazikika m'madera ena aku North America komanso ku New Zealand, komwe adabweretsedwamo kubereketsa.
Ku Russia, nyamazo zimagawidwa kudera lonse la Europe, mpaka kumapiri a Ural, ndipo zimapezekanso kudera la Asia: kuchokera ku Siberia mpaka kumalire a Far East. Amakhala m'nkhalango komanso m'mapiri, komanso amakhala kumapiri komanso nkhalango zambiri.
Ngakhale koposa zonse amakonda malo otseguka, omwe ndi mawonekedwe chizindikiro cha kalulu... Koma koposa zonse, nyama izi zimakonda kukhazikika panthaka yolima yokhala ndi zokolola zochuluka.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa kalulu
Kudzipereka, mukasankha, kupita kumalo okhalamo ndichikhalidwe kwambiri Kalulu, ndi kufotokoza Njira ya moyo ya nyamazi iyenera kuyamba ndikunena kuti nyamazi sizingasamukire kapena kuyenda maulendo ataliatali.
Kukhala m'malo ang'onoang'ono (osapitilira mahekitala 50), amakhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwina ndi okhawo omwe amakhala kumapiri omwe amatsikira kumapiri awo m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, amadzukanso.
Kusintha kwakuthwa kwa nyengo, masoka achilengedwe ndi zina zadzidzidzi ndi zomwe zimawakakamiza kuti achoke m'malo omwe amakhala. Nyama zimakonda moyo wausiku kuposa masana.
Ndipo masana, nyama zimabisala m'maenje awo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi tchire ndi mitengo. Nthawi zina nyamazo zimakhalanso m'malo okhala nyama zina: nyongolotsi, mbira ndi nkhandwe.
Monga nthumwi zonse za mtundu wa hares, hares molt kuyambira kumutu kupita kumiyendo kawiri pachaka. Masika ndi kugwa kwa molt, komwe kumakhala masiku 75 mpaka 80, kumasintha kwathunthu mtundu wa kalulu, zomwe zimathandiza nyamazi kuti ziziphatikizana ndi chilengedwe, kutengera madera ozungulira nyengo zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuti asawonekere kwa adani awo, pomwe miyendo yayitali yokha imapulumutsa hares.
Kukhoza kuthamanga kwambiri ndi mwayi wina wa nyama izi. Ndipo pazipita liwiro la kalulu, yomwe imatha kukhala m'malo ovuta kwambiri panthaka yabwino komanso yolimba, imafika 70-80 km / h. Mumtundu wa hares, uwu ndi mtundu wazomwe umalemba.
Mu liwiro la miyendo, kalulu amapambana kwambiri mchimwene wake, kalulu woyera, akuyenda mwachangu kwambiri kuposa iye ndikudumpha kupitirira apo. Komabe, kalulu samazolowera nyengo yovuta, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumachepa kwambiri nthawi yachisanu.
Kalulu, monga ndi kalulu, kwa nthawi yayitali anthu amakonda kwambiri kusaka malonda ndi masewera. Ndipo ambiri mwa nyama izi amaphedwa chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha nyama yawo yokoma ndi zikopa zotentha.
Chakudya
Ma Rusak ndi nyama yodyedwa modya, mwachidwi amadya chimanga, buckwheat, mpendadzuwa, chicory, nyemba, clover, colza ndi dandelions. Usiku, posaka chakudya, chofuna kudzaza mimba yake, kalulu amayenda mtunda wamakilomita angapo, poyesa miyendo yake yayitali kuti awone mphamvu.
Kukhazikika panthaka yaulimi, nyamazi zitha kuvulaza zokolola za minda ya ndiwo zamasamba, minda ya zipatso ndi mbewu za nthawi yozizira, zimadya mwachangu mapira ndi mavwende, masamba, ndi zipatso. Malo oyandikana nawo amakhala osasangalatsa chitukuko cha anthu kotero kuti nthawi zambiri amakhala tsoka lenileni.
Ndipo m'maiko ena, ku Australia, hares amanenedwa kuti ndi tizilombo toopsa. M'nyengo yozizira, pakalibe chakudya chokwanira, kalulu amakhala wokhutira pakhungwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto osati zitsamba zokha, komanso mitengo yayikulu.
Nyama izi zimakonda kudya tsache, hazel, thundu kapena mapulo, pomwe zoyera zimakonda kusankha aspen kapena msondodzi kuti adye (ndipo uku ndi kusiyana kwina pakati pa oimira owalawa).
Kuthyola chipale chofewa ndi mawoko awo, ma hares amakumba mosamala chakudya cha mbewu ndi mbewu zamitengo pansi pake. Ndipo zipatso zoyeserera zawo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyama zina, mwachitsanzo, magawo, omwe sangathe kuchotsa matalala okha.
Mu kasupe, hares bulauni amadya mwachangu mphukira zazing'ono zazomera, masamba ndi zimayambira, nthawi zambiri zimawononga mizu ya zitsamba ndi mitengo yomwe ikungoyamba kukula, ndipo nthawi yachilimwe amadya mbewu zawo.
Kubalana ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa kalulu
Ma hares aku Europe ndi achonde kwambiri, koma kuchuluka kwa ana kumadalira kwambiri nthawi ya chaka, zaka za kalulu zomwe zimabweretsa ana, komanso nyengo yakomweko komwe nyama izi zimakhala.
Ku Western Europe, pafupifupi, hares zazimayi zimabweretsa ana mpaka asanu pachaka. Zinyalala imodzi imakhala ndi akalulu 1 mpaka 9. Ndipo nyengo yoswana, kuyambira pakufika masika, imatha mu Seputembara.
Ili kumayiko otentha, imayamba kwenikweni mu Januware ndikupitilira mpaka nthawi yophukira. Zowonjezera kwambiri ndi hares wazaka zapakati.
Kubala ana kumatenga masabata 6-7. Asanabadwe akalulu, akazi amakonza zisa zosadzichepetsa kapena kukumba maenje ang'onoang'ono pansi.
Akalulu obadwa kumene amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 100, thupi lawo limakutidwa ndi ubweya wonyezimira, ndipo ndi maso otseguka ali okonzeka kale kuyang'ana padziko lowazungulira.
M'masiku oyamba amadya mkaka wa amayi, koma pakatha masiku khumi amakhala otha kuchita bwino kwambiri kotero kuti iwo eni amayesa kuyamwa chakudya cha zitsamba, tsiku ndi tsiku azolowera kwambiri mtundu wa chakudya.
Ndipo pa msinkhu wa mwezi umodzi ali okonzeka kupita kudziko lalikulu komanso losazolowereka kuti ayambe moyo wachikulire wodziyimira pawokha. Zaka za hares ndizosakhalitsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kuthengo samakhala zaka zoposa zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama zambiri zimamwalira msinkhu.
Komabe, zimaswana mofulumira kwambiri, chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti ndi nyama zamasewera, kalulu masiku ano sawopsezedwa.
