Gerenuk - antelope waku Africa
Kuyambira ubwana, taphunzitsidwa kuti sitiyenera kupita kokayenda ku Africa. Nenani, nsomba ndi gorilla zimakhala pamenepo, zomwe ziyenera kuopedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, za nyama yopanda vuto yomwe ili ndi dzina losangalatsa gerenuc palibe amene amatiuza.
Ngakhale chirombo chapaderachi sichingowoneka modabwitsa, komanso chimakhala ndi moyo wodabwitsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, gerenuk amatha kukhala moyo wopanda madzi. Sikuti aliyense woimira zinyama akhoza kudzitama ndi izi.
Chilombo ichi ndi chiani? Nthawi ina, Asomali adamupatsa dzina loti "guarantor", lomwe limamasulira kwenikweni ngati khosi la nyamalikiti. Anasankhanso kuti nyama ili ndi makolo ofanana ndi ngamila. Pamenepo achibale a Gerenouk atha kutchedwa kuti antelope. Ndi kubanja ili komwe chilombo cha ku Africa ndichofunika.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala nyamakazi ya gerenuk
Zowonadi, kusinthika kwapangitsa kuti agwape osazolowerekawa awoneke ngati mphalapala. Monga tikuonera pa chithunzi cha gerenuk, chinyama chili ndi khosi lowonda komanso lalitali.
Izi zimathandiza nzika zaku Africa kuyimirira ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo kuti ipeze masamba atsopano kuchokera pamitengo. Lilime lanyama ndilolitali komanso lolimba. Milomo yake imayenda komanso yosamva. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthambi zaminga sizingamupweteke.
Poyerekeza ndi thupi, mutu umawoneka wawung'ono. Ndipo makutu ndi maso ndizazikulu. Miyendo ya gerenuch ndi yopyapyala komanso yayitali. Kutalika komwe kumafota nthawi zina kumafika mita. Kutalika kwa thupi palokha kuli kokulirapo - mamita 1.4-1.5. Nyamayo imakhala ndi thupi lowonda. Kulemera nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 35 mpaka 45 kilogalamu.
Mbawala wamtchire uli ndi utoto wosangalatsa kwambiri. Mtundu wa thupi umadziwika kuti mtundu wa sinamoni. Ndi mtundu wakuda, chilengedwe chimayenda kumapeto kwa mchira komanso mkati mwa chimbudzi.
Maso, milomo ndi thupi lotsika - zoyera zotsindika. Kuphatikiza apo, zamphongo zimadzitama ndi nyanga zowoneka ngati S zamphamvu zomwe zimatha kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 30.
Kwa zaka zambiri nthawi yathu ino isanafike, Aigupto wakale adayesa kusintha gerenuke kuti akhale chiweto. Khama lawo silidapambane, ndipo ku Egypt komweko, nyama yodabwitsa idawonongedwa. Zomwezi zikuyembekezeranso antelope ku Sudan.
Tsopano mwamuna wokongola wamiyendo itali amapezeka ku Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya komanso zigawo zakumpoto kwa Tanzania. M'mbuyomu, mbawala zazing'ono zamtchire zimakhala m'malo ouma. Ndipo onse m'zigwa ndi zitunda. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti pali tchire laminga pafupi.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa nyamakazi ya gerenuk
Mosiyana ndi zodyetsa zambiri, antelope gerenuk amakonda moyo wokhala wekha. Nyama sizikhala m'magulu akulu. Amuna amakonda kukhala okha.
Amalemba madera awo ndikuwateteza ku amuna kapena akazi anzawo. Nthawi yomweyo, amayesetsa kuti asasemphane ndi anzawo. Amayi ndi ana amatha kuyenda modekha kudera lamwamuna.
Mwachilungamo, ziyenera kudziwika kuti akazi ndi ana amakhalabe m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Koma nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi anthu 2-5. Kawirikawiri sichimafikira 10. Achinyamata achimuna nawonso amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Koma akangofika msinkhu, amachoka kukafunafuna gawo lawo.
Masana, gerenuk amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupumula m'malo amthunzi. Amapita kukafunafuna chakudya m'mawa ndi madzulo okha. Mimbulu ya ku Africa imatha kuchita izi tsiku lililonse chifukwa siyifuna madzi ndipo siyisaka.
Nyama ikazindikira ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira, imatha kuundana m'malo mwake, ndikuyembekeza kuti sichizindikirika. Ngati chinyengo sichikuthandiza, nyama imayesetsa kuthawa. Koma sizothandiza nthawi zonse. Gerenuk ndi wotsika kwambiri kuthamanga kwa antelopes ena.
Chakudya
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mphalapala ali ndi zakudya zabwino. Chilombo cha ku Africa chimakonda masamba, nthambi, masamba ndi maluwa omwe amakula pamwamba panthaka. Alibe mpikisano pakati pa mitundu ina ya antelope.
Kuti apeze chakudya, amaimirira ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo ndi kutambasula makosi awo. Nyama imatha kudziyimitsa yokha ikafika pachakudya chokoma, koma nthawi zambiri imagona ndi ziboda zake zakutsogolo pa thunthu.
Grenuk imalandira chinyezi chofunikira kuchokera kuzomera zomwezo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi yachilala, yomwe nyama zina zimawopa kwambiri, siyowopsa kwa mphalapala za miyendo yayitali.
Akatswiri ali ndi chidaliro kuti nyama imatha kukhala moyo wake wonse osamwa madzi. Zowona, m'malo osungira nyama, amayesa osayesa chiphunzitsochi, ndikuphatikizira madzi pang'ono pakadyedwe ka mphoyo yachilendo.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Antelopes aku Africa amakhala ndi nthawi yocheza kwambiri. Akakumana ndi "mkwati" yemwe angakhalepo, mkaziyo amamakakamiza makutu ake akulu kumutu. Poyankha, "mwamunayo" adalemba chinsinsi m'chiuno mwa namwaliyo.
Ichi ndiye chiyambi cha ubale. Tsopano champhongo sichimalola "mkwatibwi" kuti asawonekere. Ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amamugogoda ntchafu ndi ziboda zake zakutsogolo. Nthawi yomweyo, amangokhalira kununkhiza mkodzo wa "mayi wamtima".
Amachita izi pachifukwa, champhongo chikuyembekezera ma enzyme ena kuti awonekere. Kukhalapo kwawo kumawonetsa kuti mkaziyo ndi wokonzeka kukwatira.
Mwa njira, mwa kununkhira kwachinsinsi chake, chachimuna chimasankha yemwe ali patsogolo pake: mkazi wake kapena "mkwatibwi" wa mnansi wasochera mwangozi. Mwachilengedwe Gerenuk amayenera kuthira akazi ambiri momwe angathere.
Nthawi yeniyeni ya mimba ndi yovuta kutchula. M'magawo osiyanasiyana, chiwerengerochi chimakhala cha miyezi 5.5 mpaka 7. Nthawi zambiri wamkazi amabala mwana wa ng'ombe m'modzi, nthawi zina awiri. Pafupifupi atangobadwa, kamwana kakang'ono kameneka kanayamba kuimirira ndikutsatira amayi ake.
Pambuyo pobereka, wamkazi amanyambita mwana ndikudya pambuyo pake. Kupewa zolusa kuti zisazisunthire ndi fungo. Kwa milungu ingapo yoyambirira, mayiyo amabisala nyama yaying'ono pamalo obisika. Kumeneko amapita kukaona mwanayo kuti akamudyetse. Mimbulu ikuluikulu imayitana kamwana kake ndi bele lofewa.
Palibe nthawi yeniyeni yopangira ma gerenuk. Chowonadi ndi chakuti akazi amakhala okhwima kale mchaka chimodzi, ndipo amuna okha ndi zaka 1.5. Nthawi zambiri amuna amachoka "kunyumba ya makolo" ali ndi zaka ziwiri zokha.
Mwachilengedwe, gerenuk amakhala zaka 8 mpaka 12. Adani awo akulu ndi mikango, akambuku, nyalugwe ndi afisi. Nthawi zambiri munthu samachita kufuna dala mphoyo ya nyamalikiti.
Anthu a ku Somalia, omwe amakhulupirira kuti antelope ndi wachibale wa ngamira, sadzakweza dzanja lawo polimbana ndi chilombochi. Kwa iwo, ngamila ndi abale awo ndiopatulika. Komabe, kuchuluka konse kwa antelope sikupitilira anthu 70 zikwi. Mitunduyi imatetezedwa mu "Red Book".
