Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Njuchi Ndi za tizilombo tomwe timauluka, zogwirizana kwambiri ndi mavu ndi nyerere. Pali mibadwo pafupifupi 520 yolembetsedwa, yomwe imaphatikizapo mitundu pafupifupi 21,000, ndichifukwa chake pali tizilombo tambiri tofanana ndi njuchi.
Nyamazi ndizofala kwambiri - zimapezeka m'makontinenti onse, kupatula kuzizira kwa Antarctica. "Mutu" wa tizilombo umavalidwa ndi masharubu, wagawidwa m'magulu 13 kapena 12 (ya amuna ndi akazi, motsatana), ndi proboscis yayitali yayitali, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popezera chakudya.
Pafupifupi aliyense mitundu ya njuchi pali mapiko awiri a mapiko, komabe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mapiko ake ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso ofooka kotero kuti sangathe kuwuluka. Kukula kwa wamkulu kumasiyana 2 mm mpaka 4 cm, kutengera mtundu wina.
Njuchi ndi kachilombo kothandiza kwambiri kamene kamagwira nawo mbali pakuthandiza maluwa ndi kubereketsa zomera, kusonkhanitsa timadzi tokoma ndi mungu. Thupi la tizilomboto limakutidwa ndi villi, pomwe mungu umamatira; pambuyo poti ndalama zina zasonkhanitsidwa, njuchi zimazipereka kubasiketi, yomwe ili pakati pa miyendo yakumbuyo.
Mitundu ina ya njuchi imakonda mungu wochokera ku chomera chimodzi, ina imangotsogozedwa ndi kupezeka kwa chinthu ichi, mosasamala kanthu kuti chimachokera kuti. Nthawi zambiri, njuchi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera maluwa, komabe, mamembala amtchire am'banja amakhala kutali ndi anthu komanso katundu wawo. Njuchi zotere, komanso tizirombo tina tomwe timafa, timafa chifukwa cha mapulogalamu owononga anthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, madera a njuchi akusowa chifukwa cha chithandizo chazomera zolimidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchepa kwa kubzala mbewu za uchi chifukwa chakukula kwamizinda. Kutha kumakula kwambiri chaka chilichonse, pali malingaliro akuti ngati palibe njira zomwe zingatetezedwe kukula kwa banjali, njuchi zidzasowa m'ma 2030.
Mosakayikira, izi zikulonjeza kutayika kwathunthu kwa uchi kwa anthu, komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa maluwa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Mutha kuthandiza njuchi zoweta - pitani mbewu zambiri za uchi ku tizilombo pafupi ndi ming'oma, kukana kusamalira mundawo ndi mankhwala.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Njuchi ndi tizilombo tachikhalidwe ndi gulu lapamwamba la moyo. Amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apeze chakudya ndi madzi, kuteteza ndi kuteteza mng'oma. Mu gulu lirilonse muli olamulira okhwima momwe gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito zina. Chiwerengero cha anthu chimasiyana, pomwe njuchi zili mgulu, pomwe pali kusiyana pakati pa oimira magulu osiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe kalikonse kali ndi chiberekero.
Mu chithunzi njuchi ndi mfumukazi njuchi
Oimira magulu ena ndi njuchi imodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumtundu wapatsidwa pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa akazi, ndipo aliyense amachita ntchito zomwezo - amatenga mungu ndikukonzekera chakudya, komanso amaberekanso.
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu iyi siyimatulutsa uchi, koma ntchito yake ndiyosiyana - amatenga mungu ndi timadzi tokoma kuchokera kuzomera zomwe amakonda, ndiye kuti, ngati njuchi zifa, chomeracho chimatha.
Njuchi zazimayi zokha, mwachitsanzo kachilombo kofanana ndi njuchi(njuchi ya mmisiri wa matabwa) nthawi zambiri amaikira mazira pa dzenje limodzi kuti atetezedwe, moyo umenewu umatchedwa "wamba". Koma, njuchi iliyonse imasamalira ndikudzaza khungu lake lokha.
Oimira mabanja ena sangapeze chakudya chawo, chifukwa chosowa zida zapadera, chifukwa chake amakakamizidwa kusankha chakudya ndikuikira mazira muming'oma ya anthu ena. Njuchi za mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa "njuchi za cuckoo".
Honeybees amapanga mabanja akulu. Nthawi zambiri, banja limaphatikizapo mfumukazi imodzi, akazi zikwi zingapo ogwira ntchito, nthawi yotentha palinso ma drones masauzande angapo (amuna). Nokha, sadzapulumuka ndipo sadzatha kupanga banja latsopano.
Chakudya
Kuuluka maluwa ndi maluwa, njuchi zimasonkhanitsa ndi kudziunjikira timadzi tokoma ndi mungu. Izi ndizomwe zimapanga zakudya zawo. Tizilombo timapeza mapuloteni ndi zakudya zina kuchokera ku mungu, timadzi tokoma ndiye gwero lalikulu la mphamvu.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Masika, mfumukazi yankazi imatha kuikira mazira 2000 tsiku lililonse. Pakusonkhanitsa uchi, chiwerengero chawo chimachepetsedwa kukhala zidutswa chikwi ndi theka. Mamembala azaka zosiyanasiyana amakwaniritsa maudindo osiyanasiyana, motero kuwona njuchi pachithunzichi, Titha kumaliza za momwe alili komanso kuchuluka kwa masiku omwe adakhala, kutengera mlandu womwe akuchita.
Pachithunzicho, mphutsi za njuchi
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe takhala ndi moyo wosakwana masiku khumi timadyetsa chiberekero ndi mphutsi zonse, popeza mkaka umamasulidwa bwino mwa achinyamata. Pafupifupi tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri la moyo, kutulutsa kwa sera koyamba kumawoneka m'mimba mwa njuchi ndikuyamba kupanga zomangamanga.
M'chaka, mutha kuwona zisa zambiri za uchi zomwe zangowonekera kumene - njuchi zomwe zimatha kupulumuka m'nyengo yozizira, ndipamene zimafikira "zaka za omanga". Pambuyo milungu iwiri, sera tiziwalo timene timatulutsa timasiya kugwira ntchito ndipo njuchi zimayenera kukwaniritsa zina - kuyeretsa maselo, kutsuka ndikuchotsa zinyalala. Komabe, patadutsa masiku ochepa, "oyeretsa" amatenga nawo gawo pakulowetsa chisa. Amayang'anitsitsa kuti adani asayandikire mng'oma.
Mu chithunzi njuchi ndi zisa
Gawo lotsatira la kusasitsa njuchi ndikutolera uchi (masiku 20-25). Pofuna kufotokozera alongo komwe kuli maluwa oyenera, tizilombo timagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe oyang'ana.
Njuchi zopitilira masiku 30 zimatenga madzi banja lonse. Ntchitoyi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa anthu ambiri amafera pafupi ndi matupi amadzi ndi magwero ena a chinyezi, nyengo yotentha pamakhala mbalame zambiri, nyama ndi tizilombo tina tangozi kumeneko.
Chifukwa chake, bungwe la moyo wa njuchi limayang'ana pakugawana bwino ntchito. Anthu a Cash akuchita bizinesi mkati, ena onse - kunja. Kutalika kwa moyo kumadalira mitundu. Nthawi yokhala ndi njuchi yauchi imakhala mpaka miyezi 10, ndipo duwa lankhono limakhala mwezi umodzi wokha.
Pachithunzicho, njuchi pa dzenje lothirira
Njuchi zimaluma, ndizowopsa
Mosasamala kanthu za mitunduyo, njuchi zimawopa mayendedwe mwadzidzidzi, phokoso, phokoso lalikulu, zonunkhira zosasangalatsa kwa iwo. Mafuta onunkhira, fungo la thukuta, adyo ndi mowa zimakwiyitsa njuchi, amakakamizidwa kuti alume ngati kusinthana manja ndikuthawa.
Anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti njuchi imafa ikangolumidwa. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti akamalumidwa, mbola yosalala imakhala yakuya pansi pa khungu la munthu kapena nyama. Poyesera kuthawa msanga, mbola imabwera limodzi ndi matumbo ambiri a tizilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa njuchi kufa.
Njuchi ikangoluma, m'pofunika kuchotsa msangamsanga pamalo pobayira, apo ayi njuchi zamphamvu za njuchi zimalowa mthupi ndi magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa edema yayikulu komanso kuyanjana nayo. Kenako bala liyenera kutsukidwa ndikuchiritsidwa.
