Firiji ya Khrisimasi (Fregata andrewsi) ndi yamtundu wa ziwombankhanga.
Kufalitsa frigate wa Khrisimasi
Frigate ya Khrisimasi imadziwika ndi dzina pachilumbachi komwe imabadwira, makamaka chilumba cha Christmas, chomwe chili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Australia ku Indian Ocean. Frigate ya Khrisimasi ili ndi malo osiyanasiyana ndipo imakondwerera ku Southeast Asia ndi Indian Ocean, ndipo nthawi zina imapezeka pafupi ndi Sumatra, Java, Bali, Borneo, Andaman Islands ndi Keeling Island.
Malo okhala frigate wa Khrisimasi
Frigate wa Khrisimasi amapezeka m'madzi otentha komanso otentha am'nyanja ya Indian okhala ndi mchere wochepa.
Amakhala nthawi yayitali kunyanja, kupumula pang'ono pamtunda. Mitunduyi nthawi zambiri imakhala zisa pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya frigate. Malo okwezeka kwambiri oti mugone usiku ndi kubzala mazira, osachepera 3 mita kutalika. Zimaswana zokha m'nkhalango zowuma za Chilumba cha Christmas.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa frigate wa Khrisimasi
Mafelemu a Khrisimasi ndi mbalame zazikulu zikuluzikulu zakunyanja zokhala ndi mchira wolukidwa kwambiri komanso mlomo wautali wolumikizidwa. Mbalame za amuna ndi akazi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawanga oyera oyera pamimba. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna, olemera pakati pa 1550 g ndi 1400 g, motsatana.
Amuna amadziwika ndi thumba lofiira ndi mlomo wakuda wakuda. Akazi ali ndi pakhosi wakuda ndi mlomo pinki. Kuphatikiza apo, chachikazi chimakhala ndi kolala yoyera ndipo mawanga kuchokera pamimba amapita mpaka pachifuwa, komanso nthenga za axillary. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi thupi lofiirira kwambiri, mchira wakuda, mlomo wobiriwira wabuluu komanso wamutu wachikasu.
Kuswana frigate wa Khrisimasi
Khrisimasi imasokoneza nyengo yatsopano yoswana pamodzi ndi abwenzi atsopano ndikusankha malo obisalira. Kumapeto kwa Disembala, amuna amapeza malo obisalapo ndikukopa akazi, kuwonetsa nthenga zawo, kutulutsa thumba lofiira pakhosi. Magulu awiriwa amakhala kumapeto kwa February. Zisa zimamangidwa pachilumba cha Christmas m'malo atatu okha odziwika. Mbalame zimakonda kupanga zisa m'malo otetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu kuti zitsimikizike kuti zimauluka bwino zikawuluka. Chisa chimakhala pansi pa nthambi yayikulu yamtengo wosankhidwa. Mitunduyi imakonda kusankha mitundu yamitengo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mazira. Oviposition imachitika pakati pa Marichi ndi Meyi. Dzira limodzi limaikidwa ndipo makolo onse amawasanganitsa posinthanitsa pakatha masiku 40 mpaka 50.
Anapiye anaswa kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Juni. Mbewuyo imakula pang'onopang'ono, pafupifupi miyezi khumi ndi isanu, chifukwa chake kubereka kumachitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Makolo onse amadyetsa mwana wankhuku. Ma frig omwe amakula amakhalabe odalira mbalame zazikulu kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi iwiri ngakhale atatuluka pachisa.
Nthawi yayitali yama frigates a Khrisimasi ndi zaka 25.6. Zikuwoneka kuti mbalame zimatha zaka 40 - 45.
Khalidwe la frigate wa Khrisimasi
Ma frig a Khrisimasi amakhala panyanja nthawi zonse. Amatha kupita kumalo okwera kwambiri. Amakonda kudyetsa m'madzi ofunda ndi mchere wochepa wamadzi. Ma frigates ndi mbalame zokhazokha pamene zimadyetsa ndikukhala m'magulu okha nthawi yoswana.
Chakudya chamtundu wa Khrisimasi
Mafelemu a Khrisimasi amapeza chakudya mosamala pamadzi. Amadyetsa nsomba zouluka, jellyfish, squid, nyama zazikulu zam'madzi, ndi nyama zakufa. Posodza, mlomo wokha umamizidwa m'madzi, ndipo nthawi zina mbalamezi zimatsitsa mutu wonse. Frigates amangotenga squid ndi ma cephalopod ena pamwamba pamadzi.
Amadya mazira ochokera ku zisa za mbalame zina ndipo amadya anapiye ang'onoang'ono a ma frig. Chifukwa cha khalidweli, ma frigates a Khrisimasi amatchedwa mbalame za "pirate".
Kutanthauza kwa munthu
Frigate ya Khrisimasi ndi nyama zopezeka paliponse pachilumba cha Christmas ndipo imakopa alendo odzaona mbalame. Kuyambira 2004, pakhala pulogalamu yokonzanso nkhalango komanso pulogalamu yowunikira yomwe ikuchulukitsa mbalame zomwe sizikupezeka pachilumbachi.
Mkhalidwe wosungira frigate wa Khrisimasi
Ma frig a Khrisimasi ali pachiwopsezo ndipo adatchulidwa pa CITES II Zowonjezera. Christmas Island National Park idakhazikitsidwa mu 1989 ndipo ili ndi anthu awiri mwa atatu odziwika bwino a frigate ya Khrisimasi. Mitundu ya mbalameyi imatetezedwanso kunja kwa pakiyo ndi mgwirizano wa mbalame zosamuka pakati pa Australia ndi mayiko ena.
Komabe, frigate ya Khrisimasi ikadali mtundu wosatetezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kuwunika mosamala kuchuluka kwa frigate ya Khrisimasi kumathandizira kuti aberekane bwino ndikukhalabe chinthu chofunikira kwambiri poteteza mitundu yosaoneka.
Zopseza malo okhala frigate Khrisimasi
Zifukwa zikuluzikulu zakuchepa kwa anthu mu frigate ya Khrisimasi m'mbuyomu ndikuwonongedwa kwa malo okhalamo. Kuwononga fumbi kochokera kwa oumitsa mgodi kwapangitsa kuti malo amodzi azisalapo asiyidwe. Pomwe zida zopondereza fumbi zitakhazikitsidwa, zovuta zoyipitsidwa zidasiya. Mbalame pakadali pano zimakhala m'malo okhala athanzi lomwe lingawopseze moyo wawo. Ma frig a Khrisimasi amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana pachilumbachi, mbalame zimaswana pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake kusintha kulikonse mwangozi ndi kowopsa kubereka.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimaopseza kuswana bwino kwa ma frigates a Khrisimasi ndi nyerere zachikaso. Nyererezi zimapanga zigawo zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimasokoneza kapangidwe ka nkhalango pachilumbachi, kotero kuti ma frig sapeza mitengo yabwino yoti azikhalira. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwamasamba komanso malo okhala mwapadera, kuchuluka kwa ma frigates a Khrisimasi kumachepa ndikusintha kwanyengo.
