Mbiri ndi mawonekedwe agalu osaka
Kufotokozera za mbiri yakale Mitundu yosaka agalu, munthu ayenera kufufuza zakale kwambiri, m'masiku amenewo pomwe kusaka munthu kunali njira yopulumukira.
Zojambula pamiyala ndi zojambula zomwe zidasiyidwa ndi ojambula akale pazinthu zapakhomo, zodzikongoletsera ndi zida, zowonetsa zochitika m'moyo ndi agalu, zikuchitira umboni momveka bwino kuti njira yolerera zolengedwa zokhulupirika izi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mikhalidwe yawo, idayamba munthawi ya Mesolithic ndi Neolithic.
Powerenga zotsalira ndi mitundu ya mafupa, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale adazindikira kuti zoyambirira zam'mbuyomu zinali zotchedwa peat kapena marsh agalu - cholengedwa chaching'ono chokhala ndi nkhope yopapatiza komanso kusintha kwakuthwa kumphako kwa chigaza cha chigaza.
Awa anali agalu oyenda omwe amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi alenje, omwe amawathandiza kwambiri, akamakweza phokoso zinthu zokaikitsa zikafika pamisasa ya anthu.
Mimbulu imakhulupirira kuti ndi makolo awo. Malingana ndi deta ina, yomwe, komabe, si asayansi onse amakono amavomereza, agalu a peat adakhala makolo amtunduwu monga terriers, otchuka posaka nyama zobowola; odziwa kugwira mbewa zolembera makoswe; yofanana ndi zimbalangondo za teddy, koma zokhulupirika, zopepuka mwachangu komanso zotchera khutu. Mwa mitundu yakale, zoweta, mutha kutchula zina, zosangalatsa kwambiri.
Kodi mitundu ya agalu kusaka?
Kodi maluso omwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito amadziwika kuyambira kalekale? Mmodzi mwa mitundu iyi anali mbadwa zakutchire za nkhandwe yaku North Europe, mwina anali osakanizidwa akawoloka ndi agalu a peat.
Zotsalira zamtunduwu zidapezeka ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya nthaka A.A. Inostrantsev, pachifukwa ichi thanthwe limatchedwa dzina la wasayansiyo. Zinali nyama zikuluzikulu zokhala ndi nsagwada zamphamvu komanso mphuno yayifupi.
M'mapangidwe oblique amaso ang'onoang'ono amaso, amafanana ndi makolo akale a nkhandwe. Ndipo mano awo, akuthwa ngati ma sabers, obadwira agalu akale kuchokera kwa makolo obisalira, kangapo adapulumutsa moyo wamwamuna wakale ndikumuthandiza kuti abwere kuchokera kokasaka ndi nyama.
Amakhulupirira kuti kuchokera pamtunduwu kunabwera olondera olimba komanso okhulupirika a eni ake - Great Danes; wotumiza St. Bernards ndi ena osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito; othandizira amtengo wapatali abusa - abusa aku Hungary.
Bulldog yodziwika bwino komanso yodziwika bwino, idapeza mtundu womwewo kuchokera kwa makolo awa. Panali nthawi pamene ma bulldogs amatenga nawo gawo ponyamula nyama.
Chithunzi cha bulldog
Komabe, masiku ano, pazaka zazitali zosankhidwa, asandulika zolengedwa zolimba, zokongola komanso zokongola. Agalu akale omwe anafotokozedwa ndi makolo a akulu akulu komanso amphamvu. Ndipo ngakhale zida zazing'ono zokongoletsera zimakhulupirira kuti ndi mbadwa za agalu akale omwe anali osaka.
The Bronze Age - nthawi yopanga zitukuko zokhala ndi mayendedwe ovuta, idadziwikanso ndi mitundu ina ya agalu omwe adachita gawo lofunikira m'miyoyo ya anthu. Zina mwa izo ndi agalu amkuwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osaka komanso kuteteza nkhosa.
Posakhalitsa, agalu a phulusa adatuluka, omwe adakhala makolo am'magulu odziwika bwino ngati kusaka ndi kusaka, komanso kusaka zimaswana agalu ang'onoang'ono ndimiyendo yayifupi - dachshund.
Agalu osaka dachshund
Malingaliro amenewa adachitika pakufukula phulusa la maliro a maliro, komwe zidapsa zotsalira za agalu aphulusa zidapezeka. Mwina ndichifukwa chake adadziwika ndi dzina.
Miyambo yamaliro yotereyi imatsimikiziranso kuti alenje omwe adafa, omwe akufuna kupita ndi antchito awo okhulupirika ndi anzawo kupita nawo kudziko lino, adaziona zolengedwa ngati zofunika kwambiri.
Agalu a phulusa m'mibadwo yonse adakhalanso mgulu lalikulu miyala agalu osaka: apolisi... Amadziwika chifukwa cha luso lawo lobadwa, kuzizira pang'ono, kuti apeze komwe kuli mbalame zamasewera.
Amakhulupirira kuti makolo ena apolisi anali ma pariah apakatikati, omwe ankakhamukira m'magulu oyandikana ndi anthu nthawi imeneyo. Nyama izi, chifukwa cha kusankha kwachilengedwe, zidasinthidwa kukhala Saluki ndi Tezem.
Yoyamba mwa iyo ndi agalu akulu ofiira ofiira kapena amchenga wokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi, mutu wamwano, makutu ogona ndi mchira wopyapyala. Saluki adawonekera zaka mazana asanu ndi atatu BC ku Asia Minor, ndipo mawonekedwe ake oyambilira adasinthidwa ndi Aluya.
Kujambula ndi galu wosaka wamtundu wa Saluki
Tezem kapena Hound Farao ndi agalu akulu osaka omwe amapezeka ku Egypt wakale. Afarao ndi olemekezeka achiigupto anali eni ake. Pokhala ndi malankhulidwe owala, tsitsi lofupikitsa, amasiyana ndi saluki wokhala ndi makutu owongoka komanso mchira woboola pakati, woponyedwa pamwamba pa croup.
Mitundu imeneyi tsopano imadziwika kuti ndi makolo amtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamphongo, womwe umadziwika kuti udachita kwa nthawi yayitali Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya agalu osaka ndipo inafalikira padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku Africa ndi Asia.
Pachithunzichi muli galu wa pharao
Ku Europe, apolisi ndi ma greyhound adatchuka kwambiri m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, pomwe kusaka kunali kosangalatsa kwambiri kwa mafumu, olemekezeka ndi ambuye. Chifukwa cha kusankha kosankhidwa ndi kusankha mwamphamvu, pang'onopang'ono adasandulika mitundu yonse yamakono yamitundu.
Kufotokozera za mitundu yosaka agalu ndipo chiyambi chawo sichingakhale chathunthu osatchulapo zokongola zaubweya. Ndi ana a nkhalango zakumpoto, olimbitsidwa nyengo yovuta komanso yankhanza.
Kuperewera kosatha kwa chakudya ndi moyo kumadera akutali a taiga adapanga mwa iwo mikhalidwe monga chidwi chodabwitsa chakusaka, luso losaka losaka, chipiriro, kumva kwa kumva, kuwona ndi kununkhiza, kuthekera kokhala ndi moyo kuzizira lotentha kwambiri.
Gulu ili la agalu osaka linasinthidwa ndi anthu akumpoto. Kuyambira kale, nyama zoterezi zathandiza eni ake kupeza zimbalangondo, agwape, agwape, komanso nyama zamitengo m'nkhalango. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhusu, kuwadziwitsa alenje za komwe kuli nyama zazing'ono, kuchita bwino kwaubweya kunachitika.
Galu wosaka Laika
Deta ya akatswiri ambiri a zamankhwala ndi akatswiri a zamoyo zimapereka ufulu woganiza kuti makolo awo enieni amakono Mitundu yosaka agalu (chithunzi zomwe zikuchitira umboni kusiyanasiyana kwawo) anali akadali mimbulu.
Ndipo mitundu yomwe ilipo pakadali pano idapangidwa ndi anthu ochokera ku makolo ochepa amtchire. Ngakhale pano, agalu ndi mimbulu imatha kuswana mosabereka ndikupanga ana athanzi komanso achonde, okhala ndi ma chromosomes ofanana.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza agalu osaka
Makhalidwe a galu, kuwonjezera pa cholowa chaubadwa, amatsimikizira kukonza ndi kudyetsa koyenera. Chifukwa chake, wochereza aliyense amene angafune kugula galu wosaka, ayenera kukhala oleza mtima ndikukhala ndi lingaliro losunga ziweto zotere.
Kupatula apo, kusamalira nyama moyenera komanso kudya mosayenera kumatha kubweretsa matenda agalu ngakhale kufa.
Chipinda cha galu chiyenera kukhala chopepuka, chouma, chopanda zolimba komanso chotchingira mokwanira. Iyenera kugawidwa, yolumikizidwa ndi mauna achitsulo, malo oyendamo chiweto chokwanira 6 m2.
Ndibwino kuti musankhe malo otetezedwa ndi mitengo omwe amabisa nyamazo ku cheza cha dzuwa lotentha nthawi yotentha, komanso nyengo yozizira kuchokera kumphepo yozizira. M'madera ozizira kwambiri agalu, m'pofunikanso kukonzekera malo ena okhala ngati nyumba yosungira.
Mu chipinda momwemo, mumakhala malo okhazikika opumulira ndi kugona kwa ziweto. Koposa zonse, ngati ndi yazokonza pansi pamatabwa, pafupifupi theka la mita kuchokera pansi kapena pang'ono kutsika.
Felt kapena zinthu zina zotentha zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zofunda, koma udzu ndibwino ndipo ndiosavuta kusintha. Malo okhala ndi zinthuzo ayenera kutsukidwa pafupipafupi. Ndipo chakudya chodya theka chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo mbale ziyenera kutsukidwa pambuyo pake.
Zachidziwikire, ndikofunikira kusunga malaya anyama nthawi zonse. Sikuti agalu onse amafupikitsa, monga, chosaka galu shorthaired cholozera... Kusamalira husky m'njira imeneyi kumakhala kolemetsa kwambiri.
Kusamba pafupipafupi kumathandizira kukhala ndi thanzi. Kutsuka ndi chisa ndi burashi kumathandiza kuchotsa fumbi, dothi ndi mafuta ochulukirapo pamutu.
Ndikofunika kutsuka galu ndi sopo losambira mwezi uliwonse. Ndipo mutatha ndondomekoyi, muyenera kuchotsa chinyezi chotsaliracho ndi nsalu yoyera. Makutu a ziwetozo amayenera kuyesedwa ndikuyeretsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ubweya wa thonje kapena bandeji, ndikuwayika mu yankho la hydrogen peroxide.
M'chilimwe, kusambira mu dziwe kapena nyanja kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri kwa chiweto chanu. Zachidziwikire, maphunziro a tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuyenda kwa maola awiri ndikofunikira kuti galu akhale woyenera.
Zakudya za nyama ziyenera kuphatikiza, kuphatikiza mkate, mkaka, nyama ndi nsomba, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa agalu osaka, masamba, tirigu ndi mchere. Ndi bwino kudyetsa kawiri: m'mawa kwambiri mpaka kumapeto kwa tsiku.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mwiniwake azitsatira malamulo amasamaliro ngati chiweto chake chitenga nawo mbali ziwonetsero za agalu za mitundu yosaka... Izi ndi zochitika zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi m'magulu amtundu uliwonse, kuyimira kuwunika komwe kumafalikira, zomwe zimapatsa mwayi akatswiri azisankho mwayi wosankha oyimira mitundu yabwino malinga ndi mtundu wakunja ndi kunja.
Mwambowu ungatsegule agalu ndi eni ake malingaliro atsopano, komanso mwayi wopeza maudindo ampikisano komanso mwayi wopeza zibwenzi zabwino.
Malamulo azomwe zatchulidwa bwino, eni ake atha kupitiliza kusankha yoyenera kuchokera Mitundu yosaka agalu, maudindo zomwe lero zitha kupanga mndandanda waukulu.
Muyenera kupeza woweta wodalirika kuti akhale ndi mwana wagalu wathanzi. Mukamasankha, zambiri zimadalira zolinga za wogula, kaya akufuna kugula galu wokongola wokongola - yemwe akuti ndi wopambana pazionetsero kapena galu wodekha yemwe mamembala angakonde.
Zofunikanso mitengo kuyatsa Mitundu yosaka agalu... Ambiri mwa iwo ndi okwera mtengo, koma palinso agalu okwera mtengo, mwachitsanzo, Irish Wolfhound, yomwe imawononga $ 2,400.
Mitundu yosaka galu
Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe ili pafupifupi mazana anayi padziko lapansi, agalu osaka amapanga pafupifupi theka la mitundu yonse, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwake. Agaluwa ndiosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ndi kuthekera, koma magulu onsewa ndiabwino, aluso komanso osiririka mwanjira yake.
Ali ndi mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri mitundu yosaka nyama. Agalu amasirira chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo komanso kulimba mtima. Mphamvu zawo zosafooka, monga zikuwonekera, kuwayang'ana, sizingathe konse.
Nthano zimanenedwa za kulimba mtima kwawo kosaletseka komanso chibadwa chosaka, chotengera kuchokera kumibadwo yakale ya makolo awo. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, anthu asankha mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamitundu, chifukwa chake adapeza mitundu ingapo yama hound, yomwe iliyonse imangoyang'ana kusaka nyama kapena nthenga.
Agalu osaka agalu
Ochita nawo mpikisano waukulu agalu otere nthawi zonse amakhala amphaka, othamanga pakufunafuna zolinga. Koma pokhala ndi zokonda zothamanga, omalizawa amatha kudzionetsa patali. Komabe, ma hound amatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo komanso kutha kuthamangitsa chirombocho ngakhale tsiku lonse osayima.
Kujambula ndi galu wosaka wamtundu waimvi
Pakati pa Mitundu yaku Russia ya agalu osaka malinga ndi miyezo yakale, imawonedwa ngati yaying'ono - piebald hound. Gululi lidatulukadi posachedwa, koma mwachangu limafalikira ndikukondedwa ndi obereketsa agalu.
Agalu otere amaphunzitsidwa bwino ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pozunza nyama yapakatikati. Maonekedwe olimba, ali ndi minofu yolimba, yokhala ndi mutu wokwanira.
Ubweya wawo umauma mwachangu padzuwa, uwombedwa ndi mphepo, khungu limakhala lokwera, mchira umawoneka wakuda chifukwa chovala chothina. Mtundu wa agalu umadziwika ndi malo omwera akuda ndi a piebald, ofiira ndi otuwa, mimba ndi ziwalo zawo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyera.
Chithunzi galu wa piebald hound
Wotchuka chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yawo yabwino kwambiri Mitundu ya agalu osaka aku Germany... Owayimirawo, monga lamulo, amakhala omangika msanga modabwitsa, pomwe samangokhala ndi nzeru komanso maluso, komanso amtendere, kuphatikiza kukomoka kwachilengedwe kwa Nordic. Kupirira kwawo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi kumangachitiridwa nsanje. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zolengedwa izi ndizotchuka kwambiri.
Pofotokoza gulu ili, muyenera kuwonetsa apolisi, osangalatsa ndi kudziletsa kophatikizana ndi munthu wolimba. Awa ndi zikhomo zazifupi. Amapereka ziphuphu ndi mtendere wawo, ndiwothandiza kwambiri ndipo amatha kusangalatsa eni ake ndi maluso ophunzitsira abwino.
Kudzipereka kwawo kulibe malire, amakonda anthu am'banjamo ndipo amaganizira ana. Agalu oterewa, ngati kuli kofunikira, akhoza kukhala alonda achitsanzo chabwino, koma nthawi yomweyo amatha kuyesa osawadziwa mokwanira ndipo samawonetsa kupsa mtima kwambiri.
Mukasaka, zolozera zazifupi zimatha kusiyanitsa okha m'zigwa komanso m'minda momwe mumasewera nyama zazing'ono. Amapeza chandamale choyenera cha mlenjeyo, pogwiritsa ntchito kafungo kabwino komanso kodabwitsa.
Amamva kununkhiza, amapumira mpweya, komanso pansi. Ndipo akapeza wovulalayo, amapanga maimidwe, chomwe ndi chizindikiro chapadera kwa mwininyumbayo. Agalu amasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yawo yoyambirira. Zitha kukhala zamawangamawanga zoyera, zakuda, zachikasu zachikasu ndi zoyera ndi mawanga.
Cholozera chosakira galu
Apolisi okhala ndi waya aku Germany akuphatikizira anayankha – galu wosaka, amene amaonedwa kuti ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Malinga ndi lingaliro la osamalira agalu, omwe nthawi ina adayamba kuswana mitundu iyi, agalu otere amayenera kugwira ntchito ndi mbalame, munda ndi mbalame zam'madzi, kupeza nyama yayikulu ndikutsata nyama zovulala, pomwe ali ndi luso loteteza.
Maloto onse anali ophatikizidwa muzochita masewera. Agalu ali ndi mthunzi wofiirira wakuda, wakuda kapena wotuwa; Kulendewera, kuzungulira m'mbali, makutu ndi kutalika kwa theka la mita. Chikhalidwe cha agalu ndi achangu komanso osangalala, ndiwothandiza komanso anzeru.
Pachithunzichi galu ndi Drathhaar
Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, omwe adayambitsa zamakono kusaka agalu spaniel Agalu achi Greek okhala ndi makutu okokedwa ndi tsitsi lalitali, omwe pambuyo pake adabwera nawo ku Spain, adakhala.
Ichi chinali chifukwa chake dzinali, lomwe limachokera ku mawu oti "Espagnol". Izi ndi nyama zokonda kusewera, zokondedwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komwe zimafalikira mwachangu, chifukwa cha kusaka kwawo.
Koma zimakhazikika bwino m'nyumba zokhala ndi anthu ambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa chisangalalo kwa eni. Pali mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu. Pakati pawo pali Irish Water Spaniel, yomwe imaposa abale ake kukula kwake, mpaka kufika makilogalamu 20. Agalu oterewa adawonekera m'zaka za zana la 19.
Pakati pa gululi Mitundu yosaka agalu, Chingerezi Cocker Spaniels ndiotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha malaya awo amtambo, mawonekedwe abwino, kusangalala komanso kuchita.
Mtundu wa agalu otere ukhoza kukhala wosiyanasiyana, koma, malinga ndi miyezo, mitundu ya monochromatic ya mtunduwo imatha kutuluka ndi mawanga oyera pachifuwa chokha.
Cocker Spaniel galu
Mtundu wina wodziwika wapangidwa ku England.Agaluwa, otchedwa setter, amawoneka mwanzeru, thupi lolimba mpaka makilogalamu 30, makutu ogona ndi mchira wa saber. Setter – mtundu wosaka, agalu kumene iwo alidi ndi chisomo cha feline.
Chovala cha zolengedwa izi ndi chachifupi, chonyezimira komanso cholimba, chimakhala ndi utoto woyera ndikuphatikiza mawanga akuda, abulauni ndi ofiira. Agalu amasinthasintha mwanjira zachilengedwe ndipo amatengera chikhalidwe chawo pakusaka nyama zamphongo.
Setter kusaka galu
Greyhounds amapangidwira nyama zosaka. Miyendo yawo yayitali imathandiza agalu kupeza nyama zomwe zili poyera ndi liwiro la mphezi. Greyhound waku Russia ndi galu wamkulu kwambiri yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi woopsa komanso wolimba mtima.
M'masiku akale, pamene gulu lolemekezeka limachita nawo kusaka, zinali zachilendo kugwiritsa ntchito agaluwa molumikizana ndi ma hound, omwe adathamangitsa nyama zawo m'nkhalango. Izi zidapereka zotsatira zabwino, popeza ma greyhound mwachangu adapitilira nyama m'malo otseguka ndikuzigwira mosavuta.
Mtundu wa greyhound waku Russia
Laikas, yomwe kwazaka mazana ambiri yakhala othandizira othandiza osaka kumpoto m'nkhalango za Eurasia, mwa nkhani zonse, adalengezedwa ngati chida chodalirika chomwe chimagwira ntchito posaka nyama: marten, sable kapena gologolo.
Zimakhala zodalirika kuposa mfuti, zimakhala ndi thupi lolimba pakati, malaya okhwima, makutu amakona atatu ndi mchira wokhazikika. Agalu amasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yoyera, yofiira ndi yakuda mosakanikirana kutengera mtundu wina wa subspecies.
Mtundu wosaka agalu Laika
Zachidziwikire, malingaliro, omwe adalimbikitsa monga chitukuko cha chitukuko, pang'onopang'ono amatenga chibadwa choyambirira cha anthu, ndipo kusaka pang'onopang'ono kumakhala chinthu chakale. Koma masiku ano, kuyenda m'nkhalango ndi mfuti kumawoneka ngati zosangalatsa, zopindulitsa ku thanzi la thupi komanso malingaliro. Ndipo abwenzi amiyendo inayi - agalu amathandiza munthu pa izi.
