Kamba wosakaniza (Emydoidea blandingii) ndi wa dongosolo la fulu, gulu la zokwawa.
Kamba kosakaniza kamafalikira.
Akamba obowoleza amapezeka ku North America. Mtunduwu umafalikira chakumadzulo ku Southeastern Ontario ndi kumwera kwa Nova Scotia. Amapezeka kumwera kwa United States mdera la Great Lakes. Zokwawa zimafalikira kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Maine, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa South Dakota ndi Nebraska, kuphatikiza kumwera chakum'mawa kwa New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Southeast Minnesota, New Hampshire komanso boma la Ohio. Amapezeka ku Wisconsin, Missouri.
Kuphatikiza malo akamba.
Akamba ophatikizika ndi nyama zam'madzi, amakhala makamaka m'madambo osaya komwe kuli zomera zambiri zam'madzi. Zokwawa izi zimakhala m'madambo akanthawi komwe zimabisalira adani. Amadyetsanso msipu wamadzi oyera, makamaka nthawi yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, akamba am'madzi awa nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo okhala ndi madzi osakwana mita imodzi, monga madambo, madamu owuma ndi mitsinje.
Madambowa ndi akuya masentimita 35 mpaka 105 okha.
Akazi amasankha malo oyenera kubzala kumene kulibe zomera panthaka. Kuperewera kwa zomera sikumakopa nyama zomwe zingadyetse mdera lawo. Akamba amamanga zisa zawo m'mbali mwa misewu ndi m'mbali mwa njira. Pofuna kudyetsa ndi kuswana, akamba a Blending amapita kumadambo ndi madambo osakhalitsa. Malo okhala padziko lapansi ndi malo omwe amakonda kudyetsa usiku.
Akamba achichepere amawoneka makamaka m'madzi osaya oyandikana ndi lamba wa m'nkhalango. Kusankha malo okhala kumachepetsa kukumana ndi adani.
Zizindikiro zakunja za kamba Wosakaniza.
Chigoba chosalala cha kamba Wosakaniza ndi bulauni yakuda kapena wakuda. Kumbuyo kuli mawanga achikasu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakuda ndi yachikaso m'mbali mwa nsikidzi. Chigoba cha kamba wamkulu chimatha kutalika kwa mamilimita 150 mpaka 240. Kulemera kwake pakati pa magalamu 750 mpaka 1400. Mutu wake ndiwofewa, kumbuyo ndi mbali zake ndizamtambo wabuluu. Maso akutuluka pankhope. Mamba achikaso amaphimba miyendo ndi michira. Pali zoluka pakati pa zala zakuphazi.
Ngakhale kulibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakukula pakati pa akazi ndi amuna, amuna amakhala ndi plastron wochuluka kwambiri.
Zingwe zomwe zili pambali mwa chipolopolocho zimayenda kwa zaka ziwiri mu akamba ang'onoang'ono, ndipo zimatha kutseka kwathunthu akambawo atakwanitsa zaka zisanu. Plastron m'makamba ang'onoang'ono ndi akuda ndi chikasu chachikaso m'mphepete mwake. Michira ndi yopepuka kuposa ya akulu. Akambawo ali ndi utoto wowala, amakhala ndi zipolopolo zozungulira zambiri, zamitundu ikuluikulu kuyambira 29 mpaka 39 millimeter, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 6 ndi 10. Akamba akale amatha kukhala pachibwenzi ndi mphete zawo.
Kuswana kamba Kusakaniza.
Akamba obiriwira amabala makamaka koyambirira kwa masika, mu Marichi komanso koyambirira kwa Epulo, nthawi yachisanu ikatha.
Amayi amabereka ana azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 21, ndipo amuna amatha kubereka ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 12.
Zimaswana ndi yamphongo ingapo. Komabe, panthawi yopalana chibwenzi, amuna amakhala aukali kwambiri ndipo amaluma akazi pachikombocho. Mkazi nthawi zina amasambira kuchoka kwa yamphongo, ndipo yamphongo imamuthamangitsa m'madzi ndikugwedeza mutu wake mmwamba ndi pansi, ndikutulutsa thovu la mpweya pansi pamadzi. Akazi amaikira mazira kamodzi pachaka kumapeto kwa Juni komanso koyambirira kwa Julayi. Amamanga usiku kwa masiku khumi. Amasankha malo otetezeka okhala ndi zomera zochepa panthaka. Mphepete mwa nyanja, magombe amiyala, magombe ndi misewu ndi malo wamba azisamba. Mazira a kamba amaikidwa m'mabowo okumbidwa mozama masentimita 12. Kukula kwazithunzithunzi kumasiyana mazira 3 mpaka 19. Kutentha kwamakina kumachokera pa 26.5 madigiri mpaka 30 madigiri. Akamba ang'onoang'ono amapezeka pambuyo pa masiku 80 mpaka 128, nthawi zambiri mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala. Amalemera magalamu 6 mpaka 10. Akamba achichepere amapita kokasaka malo abwino okhala kumtunda ndi m'madzi kuti agone m'nyengo yozizira. Mwina, akamba a Blending amakhala mwachilengedwe kwa zaka 70-77.
Kuphatikiza khalidwe la kamba.
Ngakhale akamba amtundu wa Blending amalumikizidwa ndi malo okhala m'madzi, nthawi zambiri amatuluka m'madzi kukagwira mitengo, matama kapena malo ena aliwonse. Akamba awa amayenda kufunafuna malo okhala ndi chakudya chochuluka. Amuna amatenga pafupifupi 10 km, akazi okha 2 km, ndipo panthawi yodzala kumene amatha kutalika kwa 7.5 km. Anthu okalamba nthawi zambiri amasonkhana pamalo amodzi, momwe mumapezeka akamba 20 mpaka 57 pa hekitala. Mu Okutobala ndi Novembala, amapanga magulu azisanu, otsalira makamaka m'mayiwe, obisalira mpaka kumapeto kwa Marichi.
Kuphatikiza chakudya cha kamba.
Akamba ophatikizika ndi zokwawa zam'mimba, koma theka la zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi nkhanu. Amadya nyama yamoyo komanso zowola. Amadya tizilombo ndi zina zopanda mafupa, mphutsi za agulugufe, kafadala, komanso nsomba, mazira, achule, ndi nkhono. Kuchokera kuzomera amakonda hornwort, duckweed, sedge, bango, komanso amadya mbewu. Akamba achikulire amadya chakudya cha nyama, pomwe achichepere amakhala owopsa.
Kuteteza kwa kamba Wosakaniza.
Malinga ndi IUCN Red List, akamba a Blending ali pachiwopsezo, mkhalidwe wawo uli pachiwopsezo. Akamba awa ali pa Zakumapeto II za CITES, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngati malonda amtundu uwu wa zokwawa sangayendetsedwe, akambawo akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo.
Zowopseza zazikuluzikuluzikuluzi: kufa m'misewu, zochita za anthu opha nyama mosayenera, kuzunzidwa ndi adani.
Akuchitapo kanthu kuti aletse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a herbicides m'malo okhala madambo odziwika a akamba a Blanding. Njira zosungira zilipo m'malo otetezera madzi, ndipo misewu ndi nyumba zimaloledwa patali ndi madambwe.
Akamba ophatikizira amakhala m'malo angapo otetezedwa, kuphatikizapo anthu ambiri ku Nebraska. Mapulogalamu oteteza zakhala akupangidwa m'maiko angapo aku US komanso ku Nova Scotia.
Njira zotetezera zikuphatikiza:
- kuchepetsa kufa kwa akamba m'misewu (kumanga mipanda m'malo momwe zokwawa zimayenda panjira),
- Kuletsa kwathunthu kugulitsa nsomba,
- kuteteza madambo akulu ndi madzi ang'onoang'ono kwakanthawi. Komanso chitetezo chofunikira cha madera oyandikana ndi mtunda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mazira komanso makonde oyenda pakati pamadambo.
- kuchotsedwa kwa nyama zolusa kumadera kumene akamba amaswana.
