Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala manatee
Manatee - ng'ombe zam'nyanja, zomwe nthawi zambiri amazitcha kuti azisangalala, kukula kwakukulu komanso kukonda zakudya zamasamba. Nyama izi ndizomwe zimakhala ndi ma siren; amakonda kukhala m'madzi osaya, kudya ndere zosiyanasiyana. Kupatula ng'ombe, nthawi zambiri zimafaniziridwa ndi ma dugong, ngakhale ma manatee ali ndi chigaza ndi mchira wosiyana, ngati phala kuposa foloko ngati dugong.
Nyama ina yomwe manatee amatha kuyanjana nayo ndi njovu, koma kuyanjana kumeneku kumachitika osati chifukwa cha kukula kwa nyama zonsezi, komanso chifukwa cha thupi.
M'manatee, monga njovu, zotupa zimasintha m'miyoyo yawo yonse. Mano atsopano amakula motsatira mzere ndipo pakapita nthawi amachotsa akale. Komanso zipsepse za chisindikizo cha njovu zili ndi ziboda zomwe zimafanana ndi misomali ya abale apadziko lapansi.
Manatee wamkulu wathanzi amatha kulemera pakati pa 400 ndi 550 kilogalamu, ndi thupi lathunthu pafupifupi 3 mita. Pali zochitika zodabwitsa pamene manatee adafika polemera makilogalamu 1700 ndi kutalika kwa mita 3.5.
Nthawi zambiri, akazi ndi okhawo, chifukwa amakhala akulu komanso olemera kuposa amuna. Mwana wakhanda akabadwa amakula pafupifupi makilogalamu 30. Mutha kukumana ndi nyama yachilendoyi m'madzi am'mbali mwa America ku Nyanja ya Caribbean.
Ndichizolowezi kusiyanitsa mitundu itatu yayikulu ya manatee: African, Amazonian and American. Nyanja zaku Africa ng'ombe — manatees wopezeka m'madzi a Africa, Amazonian - South America, American - ku Western India. Nyamayi imakulira m'nyanja yamchere komanso m'madzi amtsinje.
M'mbuyomu, panali kusaka mwamphamvu zisindikizo za njovu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi mafuta, koma tsopano kusaka ndikoletsedwa. Ngakhale izi, nyama yotchedwa manatee yaku America imawerengedwa ngati nyama yomwe ili pangozi, chifukwa mphamvu ya anthu m'malo awo achilengedwe yachepetsa kwambiri anthu.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti manatees alibe adani achilengedwe pakati pa ena okhala m'madzi, mdani wawo yekhayo ndi munthu. Zisindikizo za njovu zimawonongeka ndi zida zausodzi, zomwe manatee amazimeza ndi ndere.
Kamodzi munthawi yogaya chakudya, mzere wausodzi ndikuthana nawo mopweteketsa mtima mkati. Komanso zoyendetsa mabwato zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri, kugwira ntchito kwa injini yomwe nyama simamva kwenikweni, chifukwa imangodziwa maulendo ataliatali. Pali malingaliro akuti mtunduwo usanakhale ndi mitundu pafupifupi 20, komabe, munthu wamakono wawona moyo wa mitundu itatu yokha.
Nthawi yomweyo, ng'ombe ya Steller idasowa chifukwa chakukhudzidwa ndi anthu m'zaka za zana la 18th, manatee aku America ali pachiwopsezo cha kutheratu, monga dugong, yemwe, mwatsoka, atha kulandira udindo womwewo posachedwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera kwamunthu m'miyoyo ya nyama izi kwasintha kwambiri njira zosamukira chaka ndi chaka m'malo ena. Mwachitsanzo, ozolowera madzi ofunda pafupipafupi pafupi ndi magetsi, nyama zam'madzi zam'madzi anasiya kusamuka kuti apulumuke nyengo yozizira.
Zikuwoneka kuti ili si vuto lalikulu, popeza ntchito yama station manatees musasokoneze chilichonse, komabe, posachedwa magetsi ambiri adatsekedwa, ndipo zisindikizo za njovu zaiwala njira zachilengedwe zosamukira. US Wildlife Service ikulimbana ndi vutoli pofufuza njira zotenthetsera madzi makamaka manatees.
Pali nthano kuti pakuwona koyamba manatee kuyimba nyimboNdiye kuti, akumatulutsa phokoso lanthawi yayitali, oyenda panyanja adamuyesa chisangalalo chokongola.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa manatee
Zikuwoneka, kuweruza ndi pictures, manazi - nyama yayikulu yowopsa yam'nyanja, komabe, nyama zazikuluzikuluzi zilibe vuto lililonse. M'malo mwake, manatee amakhala ndi chidwi chambiri, ofatsa komanso odalirika. Amasinthanso mosavuta ukapolo ndipo amasamalidwa mosavuta.
Pofunafuna chakudya, chomwe chisindikizo cha njovu chimafunikira tsiku lililonse, chinyama chimatha kuyenda mtunda wawutali, kuchoka m'madzi amchere am'nyanja kupita kukamwa kwa mitsinje ndi kumbuyo. Manatee amakhala omasuka momwe angathere pakuya kwa mita 1-5; monga lamulo, chinyama sichipita mozama, pokhapokha zitakhala zovuta.
Makulidwe achikulire manatee pachithunzichi amasiyana ndi mitundu ya ana omwe amabadwa akuda kwambiri kuposa makolo awo, imvi-buluu. Thupi lalitali la nyamalo lili ndi ubweya wabwino, khungu pamwamba pake limapangidwanso pang'onopang'ono nthawi zonse kuti tipewe kuchuluka kwa ndere.
Manatee amagwiritsa ntchito zikopa zazikulu, kutumiza algae ndi zakudya zina mothandizidwa mkamwa mwake. Monga lamulo, manatee amakhala okha, nthawi zina amangopanga magulu. Zimachitika pamasewera olimbirana, pomwe amuna angapo amatha kusamalira mkazi m'modzi. Zisindikizo zanjovu zamtendere sizimenyera kudera kapena ulemu.
Chakudya chamankhwala
Manatee amayamwa pafupifupi kilogalamu 30 za algae tsiku lililonse kuti akhalebe wolemera kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kufunafuna chakudya, kusambira maulendo ataliatali ngakhale kusamukira m'madzi amtsinje. Mitundu iliyonse ya algae ndi yosangalatsa kwa manatee; nthawi zina, zakudya zamasamba zimasungunuka ndi nsomba zazing'ono ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama zopanda mafupa.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Amuna achimuna amakhala okonzekera kukwatira koyamba akafika zaka 10, akazi amakula msanga - amatha kubereka ana azaka 4-5. Amuna angapo amatha kusamalira yaikazi imodzi nthawi imodzi mpaka atapatsa imodzi ya izo. Nthawi zapakati zimasiyanasiyana miyezi 12 mpaka 14.
Mwana akangobadwa kumene amatha kufika mita imodzi m'litali ndikulemera makilogalamu 30. Kwa miyezi 18 - 20, mayi amadyetsa bwino mwana wa ng'ombe ndi mkaka, ngakhale kuti mwana amatha kufunafuna ndikuyamwa chakudya kuyambira milungu itatu yakubadwa.
Asayansi ambiri amafotokoza khalidweli poti mgwirizano pakati pa mayi ndi mwana wamwamuna mumanatees ndiwodabwitsa modabwitsa kwa oimira nyama ndipo ukhoza kukhala zaka zambiri, ngakhale moyo wonse. Wamkulu wathanzi atha kukhala zaka 55-60.
