Agalu otchire ndi makoswe anzeru agologolo
Ndodo yosangalatsa yochokera kubanja la agologolo: mosiyana ndi okhala m'nkhalango, imakhala mumabowo a dothi; ofanana ndi nthomba kapena gopher, koma amauwa ngati galu.
Mwa nyama zakutchire, adawonongedwa kwakukulu, ndipo tsopano akuweta ngati chiweto. Njira ya moyo agalu a m'nkhalango zofanana ndi bungwe la anthu.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Nyamazo zasankha madera akumadzulo a North America ndi pakati pa Mexico. Amakopeka ndi zigwa zouma zouma zokhala ndi matupi amadzi pafupi, mapiri. Sakonda dothi lonyowa komanso malo otsika.
Maonekedwe agalu a ku prairie ku Siberia, Mitundu ya Altai idakhala yolakwika. Asayansi amatchula mitundu isanu ya makoswewa, ndipo mtundu uliwonse umasankha malo okhala, mtundu ndi malaya amkati, komanso zochitika munyengo.
Agalu odziwika bwino oyera, agalu aku Mexico, aku Uttian, oimira michira yakuda amadziwika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa iwo, agalu a Gunnison amadziwika. Anthu okhala m'mapiri sanasangalale ndi alimi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa anthu ambiri, zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe ndikuwonjezera mpikisano wazakudya m'malo awo.
Abusa anatulukira momwe mungachotsere agalu a m'mapiri, anapha makoswe a akavalo ndi ng'ombe zolemala zomwe zinaswa miyendo yawo m'mabowo agalu a m'misasa omwe ali osaya padziko lapansi.
Asanayambe kampeni yothetsa makoswe okongola, panali anthu pafupifupi 100 miliyoni. Pakadali pano, ochepera 2% mwa anthu akale omwe amakhala m'malo otetezedwa apulumuka. Agalu akuluakulu amatha kukula mpaka 30-35 cm ndi 1-2 makilogalamu kulemera, komwe kumasiyana malinga ndi nyengo.
Akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa amuna. Nyamazo ankazitcha agalu chifukwa cha mamvekedwe awo, mofanana ndi kukuwa kwa ana agalu.
Mverani mawu agalu atchire
Makoswe ndiokumba bwino kwambiri, zikhomo zolimba zokhala ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu zimasinthidwa kukumba mabowo panthaka youma. Mtundu wa ubweya waubweya umachokera ku imvi-bulauni mpaka beige wonyezimira pamimba. Maso akulu, otalikirana kwambiri pamutu wozungulira wokhala ndi makutu obisika ndi ubweya wakuda. Mchira ndi waung'ono komanso wosalala.
Agalu a Prairie amakhala m'magulu akuluakulu a anthu masauzande angapo. Mu labyrinth yapansi panthaka pali madera ambiri osiyana amomwe mabanja amakhalira. Malamulo oyendetsera utsogoleri ndi dongosolo amagwirira ntchito m'gulu la nyama zanzeru komanso zolimbikira.
Ma burrows amapanga ma tunnel ovuta, poyamba m'makonde oyenda, kenako m'mafoloko okhala ndi zipinda zambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana: zipinda zosungira, malo okhala ndi zisa, malo ogona achifwamba kapena kusefukira kwamadzi, ngakhale zimbudzi zosiyana.
Kutalika kwa labyrinth koteroko kumatha kukhala kutalika kwa mita 350 mpaka 5 mita kuya. Pamalo a mahekitala 1 okhala agalu, mutha kuwerengera zopitilira 50 kuchokera munyumba yapansi panthaka.
Pakhoma lakale lakafukulidwa padziko lapansi, lomwe limakhala ngati mpanda wolimbana ndi kusefukira kwamadzi komanso ngati nsanja yolondera katundu wotetezedwa kwa adani. Tetezani agalu a m'nkhalango imagwa kuchokera ku ankhandwe, njoka, mbira, mphalapala, kuchokera ku mphamba, nkhandwe, ziwombankhanga zagolide zikuukira kuchokera pamwamba.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wagalu wam'misewu
Mtauni agalu a m'nkhalango pali chikhalidwe. Banja lirilonse limakhala ndi mutu wamwamuna, wamkazi ndi 3-4 wazaka ziwiri, mpaka anthu 20 onse.
Banja limapatsidwa nyumba zapadera, kuphatikiza "malo olera", momwe ana amabadwira ndikudyetsedwa. Oteteza amuna nthawi zonse amateteza nyumba zawo ndikumalimbana nayo.
Alendo - oyandikana nawo amathamangitsidwa moleza mtima komanso mosalekeza, popewa kulimbana kwakuthupi, okhawo aliuma kwambiri amatha kuwonongedwa. Anthu ammudzi agawa ntchito:
- omanga - kupanga nyumba zatsopano ndikukonzanso zakale;
- alonda - kuonetsetsa kuti tawuni ili yotetezeka;
- aphunzitsi - kuphunzitsa mbadwo watsopano wamaluso opulumuka, ndi zina zambiri.
Magwiridwe antchito ndi luso lolankhula mchilankhulo chawo amasiyanitsa agalu am'misewu monga nyama zamtundu wapadera. Nyamazi sizimangokuwa ndi kugunda mchira nthawi yomweyo, njira zofalitsira uthenga ndizosiyanasiyana kotero kuti asayansi amawayerekezera ndi chilankhulo cha dolphin kapena mulingo wolumikizana ndi anyani.
Mwachitsanzo, galu wam'madzi imatha kufotokoza ndi mawu osati kungonena chabe za chiwopsezocho, koma kufotokozera yemwe akuyandikira, kuchokera mbali iti ndi motani.
Chifukwa chake, zomwe zimachitika ngati mbewa, mbira kapena nkhandwe zimasiyanasiyana: zimabisala mwachangu, koma zimakhalabe potuluka, kapena zimapita mozama, kapena zimangoyandikira mozungulira bowo.
Ntchito yayikulu ya agalu imawonetsedwa masana: amagwira ntchito, amayang'anira nyumba za mink, amalumikizana mwaubwenzi, amathandizana, kusewera ndi ana. Mlonda amene ali ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo amaima pamakoma a dothi ndikuyang'ana malowa.
Nyamazo zimadya udzu pamwamba pa tawuni kuti ziwone bwino. Ena amatsuka malaya aubweya, kumanga zimbudzi zatsopano m'malo mwa zakale, kusamalira ana omwe akukhala oyandikana nawo, pomwe amayi amatanganidwa ndi achinyamata. Pakati pa oyandikira kwambiri pabanja pali mwambo wa "kupsompsona", wokhudza ndi pakamwa potseguka. Ubale wa abale pano ndi odalirika komanso osamala.
Galu wakuderalo wakuda samabisala ngati mitundu ina ya abale ake. Amadziwa kuyenda mu chisanu. Nyama "Zogona" sizikugwira ntchito kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Marichi kutentha.
Chakudya
Zakudyazi zimachokera ku zitsamba zingapo zomwe zimakula pafupi ndi malo okhala. Maluwa, masamba, masamba ndi mphukira za zomera, mbewu, zipatso zatsopano, mtedza zimakhala chakudya. Pampikisano wazakudya ndi ziweto agalu a m'nkhalango athawira kwawo. Nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo tikhoza kukhala chakudya chachilendo cha makoswe, omwe nyama sizimanyansidwa nawo.
Samapanga zofunikira m'nyengo yozizira, chakudya chimadyedwa pomwepo. Mosiyana ndi makoswe ena ambiri agalu a m'nkhalango osapeza, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amadya zomera zilizonse, ngati sizigwera kutulo.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, nthawi yoswana imayamba. Anawo amaswa m'masabata 28-32. Mkazi amabweretsa zinyalala za ana agalu 4-7 kamodzi pachaka. Ana amawoneka amaliseche ndi akhungu, patangotha mwezi umodzi maso awo amatseguka.
Mu sabata lachisanu ndi chimodzi, zoyambira zoyambira mdzenje zimayamba, chiwonetsero cha kudziyimira pawokha. Amasiya kutengera mkaka wa mayi ndikuyamba kudya zakudya zamasamba.
Makolo osamalira agalu akukula amatha kusiya nyumba zawo ndikupanga yatsopano pafupi. Zinyama zazing'ono zimakula msinkhu wazaka 2-3. Amuna okhwima amadzipangira okha mabanja, ndipo akazi amatha kukhalabe mwa kholo.
Mwachilengedwe, nyama zimakhala zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo zikugwidwa, zazitali pang'ono, zimasamalidwa bwino. Gulani galu wam'munda ndipo kumusamalira ndikosavuta. Nyama zimaweta mosavuta osayesa kuthawira kuthengo. Nyama zimakonda kucheza komanso kukonda ziweto zawo.
