Ng'ona yang'ona. Moyo wa ng'ona ndi malo okhala

Pin
Send
Share
Send

Ng'ona yang'ona zokwawa, kuphatikizapo dongosolo la zamoyo zam'madzi zam'madzi. Nyama izi zidawonekera Padziko Lapansi zaka zopitilira 200 miliyoni zapitazo.

Anthu oyamba amakhala pamtunda ndipo pambuyo pake adadziwa chilengedwe chamadzi. Achibale apafupi kwambiri a ng'ona ndi mbalame.

Makhalidwe ndi malo a ng'ona

Moyo wamadzi unapanga thupi lolingana la chokwawa: thupi la ng'ona ndi lalitali, pafupifupi lathyathyathya, lokhala ndi mutu wautali, mchira wamphamvu, zikhomo zazifupi zazala zakumanja zolumikizidwa ndi nembanemba.

Ng'ona yozizira yamagazi nyama, kutentha kwa thupi lake kumakhala pafupifupi madigiri 30, nthawi zina kumatha kufika madigiri 34, zimatengera kutentha kozungulira. Zinyama za ng'ona Zosiyanasiyana, koma mitundu yayitali yamtundu wamtundu imasiyanasiyana, pali zokwawa mpaka 6 mita, koma zambiri za 2-4 m.

Ng'ona zazikuluzikulu zokhazokha zimalemera kuposa tani ndipo ndizotalika mpaka 6.5 m, zimapezeka ku Philippines. Ng'ona zazing'ono kwambiri zapadziko lonse za 1.5-2 m zimakhala ku Africa. Pansi pamadzi, makutu ndi mphuno za ng'ona zimatsekedwa ndi mavavu, zikope zowonekera zimagwera m'maso, chifukwa chinyama chimayang'ana bwino ngakhale m'madzi amatope.

Pakamwa pa ng'ona mulibe milomo, choncho siyitseka mwamphamvu. Pofuna kuteteza madzi kuti asalowe m'mimba, khomo lolowera kum'mero ​​limatsekedwa ndi nsalu yotchinga ya palatine. Maso a ng'ona ali pamwamba pamutu, motero maso ndi mphuno zokha ndizomwe zimawoneka pamwamba pamadzi. Mtundu wa ng'ona wobiriwira wobiriwira umabisa m'madzi.

Mtundu wobiriwira umakhalapo ngati kutentha kwachilengedwe kukuwonjezeka. Khungu la nyama limakhala ndimipanda yamphamvu yolimba yomwe imateteza ziwalo zamkati bwino.

Ng'ona, mosiyana ndi zokwawa zina, sizimakhetsa; khungu lawo limakula ndikudzipanganso lokha. Chifukwa cha thupi lokhalitsa, nyamayo imayendetsa bwino kwambiri ndipo imayenda mwachangu m'madzi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mchira wake wamphamvu ngati chiwongolero.

Ng'ona zimakhala m'madzi oyera a kumadera otentha. pali mitundu ya ng'ona, ozolowereka bwino ngati madzi amchere, amapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja - izi ndizoyenda, Nile, ng'ona za Africa zopindika.

Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa ng'ona

Ng'ona nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'madzi. Amakwera kumtunda m'mawa ndi madzulo kuti afunditse malipenga awo padzuwa. Dzuwa likaphika kwambiri, chinyama chimatsegula pakamwa pake, motero thupi limazizira.

Mbalame, zokopeka ndi zotsalira za chakudya, panthawiyi zimatha kulowa pakamwa momasuka kuti zidye. Ndipo ngakhale chilombo ng'ona, nyama iye samayesera konse kuwagwira iwo.

Makamaka ng'ona zimakhala m'madzi oyera; nthawi yotentha, dziwe likauma, limatha kukumba dzenje pansi pamadzi otsala ndi hibernate. M'chilala, zokwawa zimatha kulowa m'mapanga posaka madzi. Ngati ng'ona zanjala zimatha kudya zobadwa nazo.

Pamtunda, nyama zimakhala zosasunthika, zosakhazikika, koma m'madzi zimayenda mosavuta komanso mokongola. Ngati ndi kotheka, amatha kupita kumadzi ena pamtunda, kuthana ndi ma kilomita angapo.

Chakudya

Ng'ona zimasaka makamaka usiku, koma ngati nyama ikupezeka masana, nyamayo imakana kudya. Wopwetekedwa, ngakhale patali kwambiri, amathandizidwa ndi zokwawa kuti zizindikire zolandilira zomwe zili nsagwada.

Chakudya chachikulu cha ng'ona ndi nsomba, komanso nyama zazing'ono. Kusankha chakudya kumadalira kukula ndi zaka za ng'ona: achinyamata amakonda nyama zopanda mafupa, nsomba, amphibiya, achikulire - nyama zapakatikati, zokwawa ndi mbalame.

Ng'ona zazikulu kwambiri zimachita modekha ndi ozunzidwa kuposa iwowo. Umu ndi m'mene ng'ona za mumtsinje wa Nailo zimasakira nyamazi zikasamuka; Ng'ona yosenda imasaka ziweto nthawi yamvula; Madagascar imatha kudyetsa ma lemurs.

Zokwawa sizitafuna chakudya, zimang'amba ndi mano ndi kuzimeza zonse. Amatha kusiya nyama yayikulu kwambiri pansi kuti inyowe. Miyala yomwe imamezedwa ndi nyama imathandizira kugaya chakudya; imagaya m'mimba. Miyala imatha kukhala yosangalatsa kukula kwake: ng'ona ya Nile imatha kumeza mwala mpaka 5 kg.

Ng'ona sizigwiritsa ntchito nyama yakufa, pokhapokha ngati ili yofooka kwambiri komanso yosatha kusaka, sizigwira konse chakudya chowola. Zokwawa zimadya kwambiri: panthawi imatha kudya pafupifupi kotala la kulemera kwake. Pafupifupi 60% yazakudya zomwe zidadyedwa zimasandulika mafuta, motero ng'ona zimatha kufa ndi chaka chimodzi mpaka chaka ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo

Ng'ona ndi nyama zazitali, amakhala zaka 55 mpaka 115. Kukula kwake kwachiwerewere kumachitika koyambirira, pafupifupi zaka 7-11. Ng'ona ndi nyama zamitala: wamwamuna ali ndi akazi 10 - 12 azimayi ake.

Ngakhale nyama zimakhala m'madzi, zimaikira mazira pamtunda. Usiku, mkazi amakumba dzenje mumchenga ndipo amaikira pamenepo pafupifupi mazira 50, amawaphimba ndi masamba kapena mchenga. Kukula kwa kukhumudwa kumadalira kuwunikira kwa malowo: padzuwa dzenje limapangidwa mozama, mumthunzi silikhala kwambiri.

Mazirawo amapsa pafupifupi miyezi itatu, nthawi yonseyi wamkazi amakhala pafupi ndi zowalamulira, osadya. Kugonana kwa ng'ona zamtsogolo kumadalira kutentha kwa chilengedwe: zazikazi zimawoneka pa 28-30 ° C, amuna pamatenthedwe opitilira 32 ° C.

Asanabadwe, ana omwe ali mkati mwa mazira amayamba kunjenjemera. Amayi, atamva mawuwo, akuyamba kukumba zomangamanga. Kenako imathandiza ana kuti adzimasule ku chipolopolocho pomazungulira mazira mkamwa mwawo.

Ng'ona zomwe zikubwera 26-28 masentimita kukula kwake zimanyamulidwa mosamala ndi mkazi kupita kumadzi osaya, ogwidwa pakamwa. Kumeneku amakulira kwa miyezi iwiri, kenako amabalalika kudzera m'madzi omwe alibe anthu ambiri. Zokwawa zambiri zazing'ono zimafa, zimasanduka mbalame, kuyang'anira abuluzi ndi zilombo zina.

Ng'ona zopulumuka zimadya kaye tizilombo, kenako zimasaka nsomba zazing'ono ndi achule, kuyambira zaka 8-10 zimayamba kugwira nyama zazikulu.

Sikuti aliyense ndi wowopsa mitundu ya ng'ona... Chifukwa chake ng'ona ya mumtsinje wa Nailo ndi yomwe idaphulika ndi omwe amadya anzawo, ndipo gavial siowopsa konse. Ng'ona ngati chiweto lero akusungidwa ngakhale m'nyumba zanyumba.

M'malo awo, ng'ona zimasakidwa, nyama yawo imadyedwa, khungu limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zapa haberdashery, zomwe zapangitsa kuchepa kwa ng'ona. M'mayiko ena masiku ano amawetedwa m'minda, m'mitundu yambiri amawerengedwa ng'ona nyama yopatulika.

Pin
Send
Share
Send

Onerani kanemayo: . - To naprawde juz koniec (November 2024).