Mbalame ya kadzidzi Wa molunjika kubanja la nkhokwe ndipo ndi chilombo, ngakhale kukula kwake kuli kochepa kwambiri. Mbalameyi ili ndi mayina ambiri omwe adasankhidwa mu nthano zosiyanasiyana komanso zaluso, mwachitsanzo: kadzidzi wonyezimira kapena wamzukwa, kadzidzi usiku, "mbalame yokhala ndi nkhope ya nyani" ndi ena.
Ndipo kwenikweni, tangowonani nkhokwe ya nkhokwe pachithunzichi Kuti mumvetsetse kuti m'chifaniziro cha nthenga imeneyi mutha kufanana ndi anyani ena.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Akatswiri ofufuza sayansi ya zakuthambo samatha kugawa nkhwangwa pagulu lina lililonse, choncho adaganiza zowapatsa gulu lawo. Kadzidzi khola ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri, ndipo masiku ano amapezeka pafupifupi kumayiko onse kupatula ku Antarctica.
Ngakhale kuti khola la kadzidzi limadya nyama, ndipo limakhala lotentha kwambiri masiku onse akadzidzi, kukula kwake ndikocheperako: kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala masentimita makumi awiri mphambu asanu mpaka makumi asanu, ndi kulemera - magalamu mazana awiri mpaka mazana asanu ndi atatu.
Zazikazi zazikazi ndizokulirapo pafupifupi khumi peresenti kuposa amuna. Nthenga za mbalame zimakhala zosalala komanso zofewa. Gawo lakumtunda ndi mutu nthawi zambiri limakhala lakuda kapena lobiriwira, pomwe mbali yonse ya thupi ili ndi timiyala.
Belly, kuipanikiza ndi chifuwa ndi zoyera, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mawanga. Thupi la kadzidzi wa nkhokwe ndilolonda, lokhala ndi zikhadabo zakuda pazala zakuda zakuda. Maso a mbalamezi amawoneka bwino kwambiri, ndi kukongola kokongola kwamitundu yokongola.
Kadzidzi khola lero lakhazikika padziko lonse lapansi, kupatula Antarctica ndi madera ena ndi mayiko okhala ndi nyengo yozizira monga North America ndi Canada.
Popeza nkhokwe sizimakonda kupezeka mosungira mafuta, kutentha pang'ono sikuli koyenera kadzidzi. M'dera la Russia, nkhokwe zimapezeka m'chigawo cha Kaliningrad.
Nkhokwe ya galu pothawa
Madera akumapiri okhala ndi mapiri ataliatali ndi chipululu chouma cha Africa nawonso samakondwera ndi nkhokwe. M'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, mbalameyi idabweretsedwa ku Canary, Hawaiian ndi Seychelles, chifukwa chake mitundu yake yambiri imakhalako.
Ziwombankhanga zimakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana achilengedwe komanso malo, koma mbalameyi imakonda kukhazikika kumapiri opanda nkhalango zowirira komanso madambo ndi madzi ambiri pafupi.
Mitsinje, madera odyetserako ziweto ndi malo odyetserako ziweto nawonso malo okondedwa a nkhokwe. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu komanso minda, popeza nthawi zonse mumatha kupeza chakudya, makamaka makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Chigoba cha kadzidzi kapena nkhokwe yaku Australia sanagawidwe ku Australia kokha, komanso ku New South Wales, Tasmania ndi madera ena.
Mu chithunzi chobisa nkhokwe kadzidzi
Nkhokwe za ku Australia zimasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mitundu yawo osati mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, komanso kukula kwake: akazi a nkhokwe zobisa zobisika amawerengedwa kuti ndi akulu kwambiri pamitundu yonse.
Nkhokwe yakuda - pakadali pano, imawerengedwa kuti ndi mitundu yochepa kwambiri yophunziridwa, popeza ntchito yake imagwera usiku wakuya ndipo sabisika kuti anthu asawone. Amakhazikika makamaka m'nkhalango za eucalyptus, m'mbali ndi madambo a New Guinea komanso kum'mawa kwa kontinenti ya Australia.
Pachithunzicho muli chikho chakuda
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Nkhokwe ya ku khola idalandira dzina loti "kadzidzi wamzukwa" chifukwa chokhoza kuwoneka bwino pamaso pa munthu wosakayikira, osamveka pang'ono. Pali malingaliro akuti dzina lachi Russia "Barn Owl", ndiye kuti, mbalameyi idapeza mawu ake ochepa, omwe amatha kuopseza munthu wapaulendo wongotayika m'nkhalango.
Kuphatikiza pa kutha kuyenda mwakachetechete mumlengalenga, khola la nkhokwe limakhala ndi masomphenya otukuka kwambiri ndi zolandirira zomvera zomwe zimaloleza kusaka pakati pausiku, ndikuyenda bwino mumdima wandiweyani.
Masana, kadzidzi akakhala m dzenje, padenga kapena pogona pena pabwino. Barn owl - kadzidzi, posankha moyo wokha, komabe, m'malo omwe mumakhala chakudya chochuluka, mutha kuwona magulu ang'onoang'ono komanso kuchuluka kwa mbalame.
Kawirikawiri kadzidzi wa nkhokwe amakhala otanganidwa ndikuuluka mozungulira gawo lake, pomwe amasintha kukwera kambiri. Pozindikira mlendo wosafunikira, kadzidzi amayamba kupanga ziwopsezo kuti awopseze mdani. Akutambasula mapiko ake, kadzidzi akakhoza kumenyana ndi mdani mothandizidwa ndi zikhasu zake zolimba, ndipo poyambitsa mulomo wake, ndikudina mochititsa mantha panthawi yankhondo.
Sizachilendo kuti nkhokwe zanyumba zimange zisa zawo pafupi ndi munthu: m'zipinda zazinyumba, m'misasa kapena panja. Kumtchire, kadzidziyu amatha kutenga chisa kapena burrow ya wina mosavuta.
Chakudya
Nkhokwe ya nkhokwe ndi mbalame yodya nyama yomwe imasaka kwambiri usiku. Popita kukasaka, imauluka motsika kwambiri, ndikugwera pansi, kufunafuna nyama yomwe ingakodwe nayo.
Chakudya chachikulu pachakudya cha nkhokwe ndi mitundu ing'onoing'ono yamagulu: ma hamsters, timadontho-timadontho, makoswe, mbewa zoyipa, possums ndi ena ambiri. Zanyama za mbalamezi zimasiyanasiyana kutengera dera lomwe amakhala, ndipo akadzidzi amadyetsa mbalame, ngakhale mbalame zodya nyama, achule, mileme, zokwawa ndi mitundu ina ya nyama zopanda mafupa.
Kadzidzi khola - osati njira yabwino kwambiri monga chiweto, chifukwa, choyambirira, thupi la kadzidzi limapangidwa m'njira yoti amafunika kudya makoswe amoyo osachepera atatu patsiku, chifukwa chake mukaganiza kugula kadzidzi, onetsetsani kuti mukuganizira izi.
Chachiwiri, nkhokwe yakunyumba ndi mbalame yozizira usiku, kotero kuti chiweto chimangoyenera anthu okhawo omwe amagona masana ndikudzuka usiku.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Nthawi yobereketsa mbalame imapitilira miyezi iwiri yoyambirira yamasiku. Malo oti chisa chamtsogolo atsimikizidwe ndi champhongo, ndipo ayenera kubisidwa mosamala m'maso mwa anthu ndi kwa adani kapena adani.
Pachithunzipa, khola la ankhokwe
Mbalame nthawi zambiri zimamanga zisa zawo mmwamba mwaulemu kuchokera pansi. Mu clutch imodzi, mkazi amatenga mazira anayi mpaka asanu ndi awiri, pomwe anapiye oyamba amatuluka mwezi. Pambuyo pa mwezi ndi theka, mbewuzo zimakula ndikusiya chisa chayekha.
Pafupifupi kotala la ana onse amamwalira mchaka choyamba chamoyo, enawo amakhala zaka pafupifupi khumi ndi chimodzi. Pali nthawi zina pamene, mu ukapolo, nkhokwe zapanyumba zidafika zaka zolemekezeka kwazaka zambiri.
