Kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, m'nkhalango yamvula komanso yotentha, m'mitengo yayitali ndi mipesa yolimba, cholengedwa chofewa chimakhala. Zambiri mwa zamoyozi zimadutsa mumitengo, koma zazimuna zazikulu, zazikulu komanso zolemera, zomwe nthambi sizimatha kuyimilira, zimakhala pansi kwenikweni.
Nyama zikuluzikuluzi zimayenda ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, ndipo anthu am'malo omwe amaziona akuchenjeza za zoopsazo mwa kufuula Orang Hutan. Kumasuliridwa mu Chirasha, mawuwa amatanthauza "munthu wamnkhalango".
Kutengera izi, dzina orangutan sizolondola, koma mu Chirasha nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchula nyani, ngakhale polemba izi ziziwoneka ngati zolakwika, muyenera kuyankhula molondola orangutan.
Malo okhala anyani
Mwachilengedwe, anyani akuluakuluwa amakhala m'malo otentha okha. Pali mitundu iwiri ya anyani - Bornean ndi Sumatran, kutengera mayina azilumba zomwe amakhala.
Madambo okhala ndi madambo okhala ndi nkhalango zazikulu zosadukaduka ndiye chilengedwe malo anyani... Mtunda pakati pa mitengo ndi waukulu, amalumphiramo pogwiritsa ntchito mipesa yopyapyala komanso yosinthasintha.
Amasuntha m'nthambi, pogwiritsa ntchito makamaka nthambi zakutsogolo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimangopachikika. Kutalika kwa mkono wa munthu wamkulu kumakhala pafupifupi 2 mita, yomwe ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa nyama.
Nyani anyani wozolowera kukhala korona wamitengo kotero kuti amamwa madzi kuchokera m'masamba, maenje akale kapena ubweya wake, kuti asamapite kumadzi. Ngati, komabe, kunali kofunikira kuyenda pansi, ndiye kuti nyama zimagwiritsa ntchito mapazi onse anayi.
Akuluakulu, komabe, amayenda pansi ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, ndichifukwa chake amatha kusokonezedwa ndi nthumwi za mitundu yakutchire. Ma orangutan amagona usiku wonse panthambi zamitengo, samakonda kukonza chisa.
Maonekedwe ndi machitidwe a Orangutan
Maonekedwe anyani amtundu wa humanoid ndiabwino kwambiri, monga titha kuwonera ndi zithunzi zingapo, koma nthawi yomweyo, amuna akulu amawoneka owopsa. Ali ndi thupi lokulirapo, chigaza chotalikirapo pang'ono, manja amafikira kumapazi ndipo amakhala othandizira anyani atakakamizidwa kuyenda pansi.
Zala zazikuluzikulu sizikukula bwino. Amuna akuluakulu amakhala otalika mpaka 150 cm, pomwe mkono wawo uli masentimita 240, ndipo thupi limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 115. Kulemera kwa nyama yotereyi ndi makilogalamu 80-100.
Akazi a Orangutan ndi ocheperako - mpaka 100 cm kutalika ndikulemera 35-50 kg. Milomo ya nyani ndi yonenepa komanso yotsogola kutsogolo, mphuno ndi yosalala, makutu ndi maso ndizochepa, zofanana ndi anthu.
Anyani amaonedwa kuti ndi anyani anzeru kwambiri
Nyani ali ndi tsitsi lolimba, lalitali, lalifupi kwambiri lofiirira. Malangizo a kukula kwa tsitsi pamutu ndi m'mapewa ndi okwezeka, mbali ina yonse ya thupi - kutsika.
Mbali, imakhala yolimba pang'ono, pomwe chifuwa, thupi lotsika ndi mitengo ya kanjedza ili pafupifupi yopanda zomera. Amuna achikulire ali ndi ndevu zowoneka bwino komanso ziphuphu zazikulu. Akazi ndi ochepa msinkhu ndipo amakonda kuwoneka ochezeka.
Ngati tizingolankhula za kapangidwe ka anyani, ndiye chinthu choyamba chomwe tiyenera kutchula ndi ubongo wawo, womwe suli wofanana ndi ubongo wa anyani ena, koma wofanana kwambiri ndi wamunthu. Chifukwa cha kuphulika kwawo, anyaniwa amadziwika kuti ndi nyama zanzeru kwambiri kuposa anthu.
Izi zikutsimikizidwanso ndikuti anyani amadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zida kuti apeze chakudya, amatengera zizolowezi za anthu ngati amakhala moyandikana nawo ndipo amatha kuzindikira zolankhula, moyankha mokwanira ndi nkhope. Nthawi zina amasiya kuopa madzi, ngati munthu, ngakhale mwachilengedwe sangathe kusambira ndipo amatha kumira.
Ma Orangutan amatha kulumikizana kudzera m'mamvekedwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe posachedwapa zatsimikiziridwa ndi mayi wachingerezi Regina Frey. Anyani amasonyeza kukwiya, kupweteka ndi kukwiya mwa kulira, kupsompsona mokweza ndi kudzitukumula, kuwopseza adani, ndipo amuna amawonetsa gawo lawo kapena amakopa wamkazi ndi kulira kwakutali kwakanthawi.
Moyo wa nyama izi ndiwokha, amuna amadziwa malire a gawo lawo ndipo samapitilira iwo. Koma alendo m'dziko lawo sangaloledwe. Ngati amuna awiri akumana, ndiye kuti aliyense ayesetsa kuwonetsana mphamvu zawo, kuthyola nthambi za mitengo ndikufuula mokweza.
Ngati ndi kotheka, chachimuna chimateteza chuma chake ndi zibakera, ngakhale zambiri zimakhala nyama zokonda mtendere. Akazi m'malo mwake amalankhulana modekha, amatha kudyetsa limodzi. Nthawi zina amakhala ngati banja.
Chakudya cha orangutan
Orangutan amadya makamaka pazakudya zazomera - mphukira zazing'ono zamitengo, masamba, masamba ndi makungwa. Nthawi zina amatha kugwira mbalame, kuwononga chisa kapena kugwira tizilombo ndi nkhono. Amakonda mango okoma, kucha, nthochi, maula, ndi nkhuyu.
Kagayidwe kake kakuchedwa kuyenda, kofanana ndi kagayidwe kake ka ulesi. Izi ndizochepera 30% kuposa zomwe zimafunikira thupi lawo. Nyama zikuluzikuluzi zimadya ma calories ochepa ndipo zimatha kudya masiku angapo.
Anyaniwa amapatsidwa chilichonse chomwe amafunikira kuti azidyetsa mumitengo, motero sapitako kawirikawiri. Madzi amapezeka pamalo omwewo, mumikondo ya nkhalango zotentha.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chamoyo wa orangutan
Ma orangutan sayenera kudikirira nyengo inayake kuti abereke, amatha kutero nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Yaimuna imakopa chachikazi mofuula.
Ngati, "ma" macho "angapo nthawi yomweyo adabwera ndi lingaliro lakukwatirana, adzafuula aliyense mdera lawo, kukopa wamkazi, yemwe angasankhe mawu osangalatsa kwambiri kwa iye ndikuchezera zinthu za wozenga.
Pachithunzicho, anyani achikazi omwe ali ndi mwana
Mimba ya mkaziyo imatha miyezi 8.5. Nthawi zambiri munthu amabadwa mwana orangutan, kawiri. Makanda obadwa kumene amalemera pafupifupi 1.5-2 kg. Poyamba, mwana wamphongoyo amamatira pakhungu pachifuwa chachikazi, kenako, kuti apeze mwayi, amasunthira kumbuyo kwake.
Anyani aang'ono amadya mkaka kwa zaka 2-3, kenako amakhala pafupi ndi amayi awo kwa zaka zingapo. Ndipo ali ndi zaka sikisi zokha pomwe amayamba kukhala pawokha. Orangutan amakhala okhwima pogonana, akuyandikira zaka 10-15. Kukhala zaka pafupifupi 45-50, Anyani achikazi amatha kulera ana 5-6.
Mwachilengedwe, nyama izi zilibe adani, chifukwa zimakhala mumitengo yayitali kwambiri ndipo sizitha kupezeka kwa adani. Koma polimbana ndi nkhalango yowononga nkhalango yotentha, ikutha malo awo okhala.
Kupha nyama kwakhala vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Masiku ano, orangutan ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri pamsika wakuda, chifukwa chake omwe akufuna kupanga ndalama amatha kupha mkazi m'magazi ozizira kuti atenge mwana wake.
Nyama zimagulitsidwa chifukwa cha chisangalalo cha anthu, kupezerapo mwayi poti anyani ndi anzeru kwambiri komanso osavuta kuphunzira. Nyama izi zimatha kuphunzitsidwa zizolowezi zoyipa, zomwe zimangotchedwa zonyoza.
Koma sikuti aliyense amaona kuti anyaniwa ndi osangalatsa kapena choseweretsa, palinso anthu osamala omwe ali okonzeka kuteteza anthu, ndipo amachitira anyani ngati munthu. Adawomberanso mndandanda wokhudza kuthandiza ana omwe ali ndi anyani omasuka, amatchedwa Chilumba cha Orangutan.
Mwambiri, anyani amenewa ndi ochezeka, amayamba kukondana ndi anthu, amalumikizana nawo, amapanga ma grimaces ndipo amatha kuchita ngati kuvina kwa orangutan, kanema yomwe mungapeze mosavuta pa intaneti.
Pakadali pano, kudula nkhalango mosaloledwa, malo okhala anyani, kukupitilizabe. Ngakhale kuti mapaki adziko akuyambika, anyaniwa ali pangozi. Sumatran orangutan ali kale pachiwopsezo, Kalimantan ali pachiwopsezo.
