Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo awona kuti padziko lapansi pali mbalame zopitilira zana za banja la warbler. Ku gawo la Europe la mitunduyo, kuli ma warbler okha 12. Oyimira odziwika kwambiri amtunduwu ndi imvi, nkhwangwa, warbler wam'munda ndi warbler wamutu wakuda. Ndizo zomwe zidzakambidwa pansipa.
Grey warbler - mbalame wocheperapo pang'ono kuposa mpheta. Nthenga za m'mbali zonse za thupi ndizosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kumbuyo kumadzipaka utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi zonyansa zofiirira, mutu wake umakutidwa ndi nthenga zamtundu wa ashy, phewa lofiira, khosi likuyera, ndipo pamimba pake pamadzaza ndi nthenga za pinki wotumbululuka.
Oyera oyera amakhala m'nkhalango zowoneka bwino, m'nkhalango zowirira. Mutha kuwapeza m'mitsinje, zigwa, zodzaza ndi bango ndi chowawa, nthawi zambiri zimawoneka m'minda, m'minda. Mbalame yotchedwa warbler, yotchedwa garden warbler, ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa m'bale wake wapafupi, mbalame zotuwa.
Kutalika popanda mchira mwa anthu akulu kumafika masentimita 15, ndipo kulemera kwa thupi kumakhala magalamu 15 mpaka 25.
Pachithunzicho, mbalameyi ndi yolimbana ndi dimba
Mtundu wake, whitethroat wam'munda ndi wotsika pang'ono mu utoto, makamaka utoto wofiirira, nthawi zina wokhala ndi utoto wosazindikirika wa azitona, mimba, chifuwa ndi zoyikapo zili mkaka. Nthenga zamapiko ndi mchira zimapangidwa ndi kocheperako, koyera kansalu.
Kuzungulira maso a mbalameyo, nthenga zake zimakhala zojambulidwa zoyera, ndipo patali zimafanana ndi magalasi. Mlomo wokhotakhota komanso miyendo yopyapyala ndizopaka utoto wa phula lonyowa. Mitundu yonse yomwe yatchulidwayo ndi yosakwaniritsidwa, wina amathanso kunena kuti wakuda. Zazimuna ndi zazimuna ndizofanana mumtundu wa nthenga.
Chomenyera m'munda chimakhazikika m'mbali mwa mitsinje yodzala ndi tchire. Amakhala kunyumba m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, komwe kuli zambiri kumadera akumwera a Western Siberia, komanso zigawo zikuluzikulu za m'derali zomwe zili ndi nkhalango zambiri. Mbalame ya Slavka monga mwachizolowezi, amakhala kutchuthi chake chosamukasamuka komanso chisanu ku Africa.
Mitundu yotsatira ya mbalame yomwe ikukambidwa ndi mutu wankhonya wakuda. Pofotokozera mbalame zamtunduwu, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mbalameyi siyimasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu yomwe tafotokozayi, koma pali kusiyana pang'ono pamtundu.
Chifukwa chake, mutu wa mbalame yakuda yakuda, monga zadziwika kale ndi dzinali, yajambulidwa ndi mtundu wakuda wakuda, ndipo utoto uwu ndi chizindikiro chosiyanitsa cha amuna, ndipo mawonekedwe apadera a mbalame yakuda yakuda yakuda ndi mtundu wofiira pachifuwa ndi mutu wa mbalame.
Warbler mbalame chernogolovka
Woimira wamkulu m'banjali ndi nkhwangwa... Kukula kwa mbalameyi ndi 18, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale 20 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kumakhala magalamu 35. Nthenga zomwe zili kumbuyo kwake zidapangidwa utoto wofewa wa maolivi, nthenga zake zimakhala zakuda pang'ono kuposa kumbuyo.
Nthenga pamwamba pamchira zimakhala ndi utoto wakuda ndi woyera. Pamaso pake pa zangati nkhwangwa zili ndi nthenga zoyera. Diso la diso limajambulidwa ndi utoto wachikaso, ndipo zithunzizo zimakutidwa ndi khungu lowala.
Yatsani chithunzi cha warbler mutha kuwona bwino mitundu yonse yamitundu yomwe imapezeka mu utoto wa mbalame. Wowombera Hawk - mbalame zosamukasamuka. Amakhala nthawi yozizira kum'mawa kwa Africa.
Pachithunzicho, mbalameyi ndi nkhwangwa
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Mitundu yonse yazinyama ndizoyenda, salola kuti azingokhala. Kulimba mtima ndi kulimba mtima kwa akatswiriwa kumangosilira. Kuphatikiza apo, ma Warbler amathamanga pamtunda uliwonse, ndipo ngakhale nkhalango zowirira sizikusokoneza kuyenda kwawo. Kupatula kuti ma warbler amayenda bwino, nawonso ndioyimba bwino.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zida zambiri sizimasiyana, koma mawu awo ndi osiyana. Ziwombankhanga zina zimalira, ndipo nyimbo yawo imafanana ndi kulira kwa chitoliro, mawu ena amamveka mwadzidzidzi komanso mwamayimbidwe.
Kupatula kuti ma warbler amayenda bwino, nawonso ndioyimba bwino. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zida zambiri sizimasiyana, koma mawu awo ndi osiyana.
Mverani mawu a mbalame ya hawk warbler
Mverani kuyimba kwa blackhead warbler
Ziwombankhanga zina zimalira, ndipo nyimbo yawo imafanana ndi kulira kwa chitoliro, mawu ena amamveka mwadzidzidzi komanso mwamayimbidwe. Koma ambiri, Nyimbo ya mbalame ya warbler mutha kumamvera mpaka kalekale. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mbalame zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa mnyumba, chifukwa palibe chomwe chimamenya kuyimba kwawo kwachilendo, komwe kudzakhale mnyumbamo m'mawa.
Warblers ndiwonso anzeru. A birdies awa amadziwa momwe angasankhire kuchokera kumalo a anzawo apamtima ndikukhala kutali ndi adani. Pakadali pano, atha kuzemba mwaluso ntchitoyi.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi kuthawa kwa zida zankhondo kupita kumadera otentha. Amawuluka usiku. Amakhulupirira kuti amayenda maulendo ausiku molingana ndi woyendetsa sitima, yemwe amakhala ngati nyenyezi yakumadzulo. Akatswiri odziwa za mbalame anazindikiranso kuti mbalame zazikuluzikulu ndi zomwe zimathamangira kukafikako.
Chakudya
Mamembala onse a banja la warbler ali ndi milomo yayifupi, yomwe imalola mbalame ndi zipatso kutola pansi, ndikuchotsa tizilombo m'masamba. M'miyezi yotentha, zakudya za warbler zimakhala ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana monga mbozi, udzudzu, ntchentche, agulugufe.
Ndi kuyamba kwa nthawi yophukira, mbalame zimasinthira kukadyetsa, zomwe chilengedwe chimapatsa mowolowa manja nkhalango, zomwe ndi zipatso, mbewu zazomera, ndi zipatso zazing'ono.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Ziwombankhanga zomwe zimabwerera kuchokera kuzizira zimayamba kupanga mazira kumapeto kwa Epulo. Mbalamezi zikafika kumene zimabadwira, zimakhazikika m'dera lomwe zimangapo zisa ndikuyamba kuyimba nyimbo zawo zabwino.
Nthawi ngati izi, nyimbo zamphongo zimatanthawuza kuti malowo atengedwa kale, komanso ma trill amamveka ngati kuyitana kwachikazi kuti chikwere. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti moyo wabanja la a Whitethroats udachita bwino, onse ndi mabanja okhulupirika komanso makolo osamalira. Amawiriawiriwo atapangidwa, mbalame zimayamba kupanga zisa mogwirizana.
Nthawi zambiri zisa za warbler zimakonzedwa mu korona wa mitengo kutalika kwa 1.5-2.0 mita pamwamba pa nthaka. Zofunda ndi ubweya wa nyama zoweta monga mahatchi ndi ng'ombe, komanso moss, masamba owuma ndi udzu wina.
Mkazi amaikira mazira kwa milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pa anapiye, mayi wachifundo samasiya chisa kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, patapita nthawi, iye, pamodzi ndi abambo a banja, amathawa kukafunafuna chakudya. Ziwombankhanga zingapo zikupitilizabe kudyetsa ana omwe atuluka mchisa kwa gawo lina lachitatu la mwezi, koma posakhalitsa amayamba clutch yatsopano ndipo chilichonse chimabwereza.
Kutalika kwa zimbalangondo zakutchire ndi zaka 7-10, ndipo mosamala bwino mbalamezi zimatha kusangalatsa eni ake ndi kuimba kwawo kwa zaka 10-12, zomwe malinga ndi miyezo ya mbalame sizochepa kwenikweni.
