Titawayang'ana kamodzi chithunzi cha nyama yokongola modabwitsayi, sitingathe kuchotsa nkhope yake yomvekera bwino. Ngakhale kwenikweni ndi chilombo kuchokera ku subspecies za amphaka ang'ono, nzimble okhala mchipululu.
Makhalidwe ndi malo amphaka wa velvet
Mphaka wamchenga kapena mchenga Wodziwika ndi General Margueritte waku France, yemwe adatsogolera gulu laku Algeria mu 1950. Pa ulendowu, bambo wokongola uyu adapezeka (kuchokera kwa lat. Felis margarita).
Chodabwitsa ake lagona chifukwa chakuti ndi nyama yaing'ono kwambiri kuposa amphaka onse zakutchire. Kutalika kwa nyama yayikulu kumangofika masentimita 66-90 okha, 40% ya iwo amasunthira kumchira. Kulemera mphaka wamchenga kuchokera 2 mpaka 3.5 makilogalamu.
Ili ndi utoto wachikopa wofanana ndi dzina lake, womwe umalola kuti udzibise wekha kuchokera kwa osafuna malo ake. Kufotokozera kwa mphaka wa mchenga ndibwino kuyamba ndi mutu, ndiwambiri ndi "zotupa" zam'madzi, makutu amawonekera m'mbali kuti apewe kukhathamira mchenga mwa iwo, kuphatikiza apo, amatumikiranso ngati malo oti amve bwino nyama yomwe ikuyandikira komanso ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira, ndipo ...
Zilondazo ndi zazifupi koma zolimba, kuti zizikumba msangamsanga pomanga mabowo awo kapena kung'amba nyama zobisika mumchenga. Amphaka amchenga amakhalanso ndi chizolowezi chokwilira chakudya chawo ngati sichinamalize, kusiya mawa.
Mapazi okutidwa ndi tsitsi lolimba amateteza chilombocho ku mchenga wotentha, misomali siyakuthwa kwambiri, imanola makamaka mukakumba mchenga kapena kukwera miyala. Amphaka amphaka ndi amchenga kapena amchenga wotuwa.
Pali mikwingwirima yakuda kumutu ndi kumbuyo. Maso amapangidwa ndikuwonekera m'mizere yopyapyala. Zingwe ndi mchira wautali zimakongoletsedwanso ndi mikwingwirima, nthawi zina nsonga ya mchira imakhala yakuda.
Velvet paka amakhala m'malo opanda madzi okhala ndi milu ya mchenga komanso m'malo amiyala m'chipululu, momwe kutentha kumafikira madigiri 55 Celsius nthawi yotentha komanso madigiri 25 m'nyengo yozizira. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa mchenga ku Sahara kumafika madigiri a 120, mutha kulingalira momwe nyama izi zimapilira kutentha popanda madzi.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wamphaka wamchenga
Zilombozi zimakhala usiku. Mdima ukangoyandikira, amasiya mabowo awo ndikupita kukafunafuna chakudya, nthawi zina mtunda wautali kwambiri, mpaka makilomita 10 kutalika, chifukwa gawo lamphaka lamchenga limatha kufikira 15 km.
Nthawi zina amalumikizana ndi madera oyandikana nawo anzawo, omwe amadziwika mwakachetechete ndi nyama. Pambuyo posaka, amphaka amathamangiranso kumalo awo, awa akhoza kukhala mabowo omwe anasiya nkhandwe, maenje a nungu, ma corsacs, ndi mbewa.
Nthawi zina zimangobisala m'ming'alu ya mapiri. Nthawi zina, m'malo mokhala kwakanthawi, amamanga nyumba zawo mobisa. Mapazi olimba amathandizira kukwaniritsa kutsika kwa burrow mwachangu kwambiri.
Asanatuluke mumtsinjewo, amphaka amaundana kwakanthawi, akumvera zachilengedwe, akuphunzira kulira, motero amapewa ngozi. Atabwerako kusaka, amaundana patsogolo pa mink momwemonso, akumamvetsera ngati wina aliyense akukhalamo.
Amphaka amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mvula ndipo amayesetsa kuti asasiye malo awo mvula ikagwa. Amathamanga kwambiri, amagwadira pansi, amasintha njira, liwiro loyenda komanso amalumphira, ndipo zonsezi zimathamanga mpaka 40 km / h.
Chakudya
Mphaka wamchenga amadya usiku uliwonse. Zamoyo zilizonse zomwe zimagwidwa m'njira yake zimatha kukhala nyama. Izi zitha kukhala mbewa zazing'ono, hares, miyala yamchenga, ma jerboas.
Amphaka samangokhalira kudya, ndipo amatha kukhala okhutira ndi tizilombo, mbalame, abuluzi, makamaka, chilichonse chomwe chimayenda. Amphaka a velvet amadziwika kuti ndi osaka njoka zabwino.
Amawombera mwanzeru, potero amapatsa chidwi njokayo ndipo amupha mwachangu. Kutali ndi madzi, amphaka samamwa madzi, koma amawadya ngati gawo la chakudya chawo ndipo amatha kukhala opanda madzi kwanthawi yayitali.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mphaka wamchenga
Nthawi yokwanira yamphaka yamitundu yosiyanasiyana siyiyamba chimodzimodzi, zimatengera malo okhala ndi nyengo. Amanyamula ana awo kwa miyezi iwiri, zinyalala zimakhala ndi ana 4-5, nthawi zina zimafika kwa ana 7-8.
Amabadwira mdzenje, monga mphaka wamba, akhungu. Amalemera pafupifupi 30 g ndipo amafulumira kulemera kwawo ndi 7 g tsiku lililonse kwa milungu itatu. Pambuyo milungu iwiri, maso awo abuluu amatseguka. Amphaka amadya mkaka wa mayi.
Amakula msanga ndipo, atakwanitsa milungu isanu, akuyesera kale kusaka ndi kukumba maenje. Kwa kanthawi, amphaka amayang'aniridwa ndi amayi awo ndipo ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi itatu amasiya makolo awo, nkukhala odziyimira pawokha.
Njira yoberekera imachitika kamodzi pachaka, koma nthawi iliyonse pachaka. M'nyengo yokhwima, zazimuna zimalira mokweza, ngati nkhandwe, ndikulira, motero zimakopa chidwi cha zazikazi. Ndipo m'moyo wamba, iwo, monga amphaka wamba wamba, amatha kulira, kulira, kutsinya ndi purr.
Mverani mawu amphaka wamchenga
Zimakhala zovuta kusunga ndikufufuza amphaka amchenga, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amabisala. Koma chifukwa cha asayansi komanso kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa kwaukadaulo, pali mwayi woti muphunzire dune mphaka kuchokera ku chithunzi ndikujambula kanema momwe angathere.
Mwachitsanzo, tikudziwa kuti amphaka amchenga ndi osaka bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti mapadi a zikopa zawo ataphimbidwa ndi ubweya, mayendedwe awo amakhala osawoneka ndipo samasiya zibangili mumchenga.
Pakusaka ndikuwala kwa mwezi, amakhala pansi ndikuthyola maso kuti asatchulidwe ndi mawonekedwe awo. Osati kokha, kuti apewe kuzindikira ndi fungo, amphaka amakwirira chimbudzi chawo mumchenga, zomwe zimalepheretsa asayansi kuti asanthule moyenera za zakudya zawo zakudya.
Kuphatikiza apo, utoto waubweya woteteza waubweya umapangitsa amphaka kukhala osawoneka motsutsana ndi malo am'deralo, motero, osatetezeka. Kuchuluka kwa malaya amathandizira kuti nyama zizisunga chinyezi, zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri mchipululu komanso zimatenthetsa nthawi yozizira.
Mphaka wamchenga uja adatchulidwa mu International Red Data Book ngati "pafupi ndi malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo", komabe anthu ake amafikira anthu 50,000 ndipo akadali pano, mwina chifukwa chakubisalira kwa zolengedwa zokongolazi.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa mphaka wamchenga kunyumba ndi zaka 13, zomwe sizinganenedwe za kutalika kwa moyo wonse. Ana amakhalanso ochepa, popeza ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuposa amphaka achikulire, chifukwa chosadziwa zambiri, ndipo kufa kwawo kumafika 40%.
Amphaka achikulire nawonso ali pachiwopsezo, monga mbalame zodya nyama, agalu amtchire, njoka. Ndipo, mwatsoka, ngozi yoopsa kwambiri komanso yopusa ndi munthu wokhala ndi chida. Kusintha kwanyengo komanso kusintha kwa malo okhala kumakhudzanso nyama zamtunduwu.
Zachidziwikire, kunyumba mchenga mphaka amamva kukhala otetezeka kwambiri. Sakusowa kusaka, kupeza chakudya ndikuyika moyo wake pachiswe, amasamalidwa, kudyetsedwa, kuthandizidwa komanso kulengedwa pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe, koma izi zimayang'aniridwa ndi oweta amphaka, osati ogulitsa kapena opha nyama.
Kupatula apo, palibe malonda ogulitsa amphaka amchenga, ndipo palibe mtengo wofananira amphaka mwina, koma mobisa mchenga mphaka mtengo m'malo akunja amafika $ 6,000. Ndipo ndikulakalaka kwakukulu, pamaziko osadziwika, inde, mutha mugule dune mphakakoma ndalama zambiri.
Muthanso kuwona nyama zokongola modabwitsa m'malo osungira nyama. Chifukwa cha malonda ndi kulandidwa kwa amphaka am'chipululu chifukwa cha ubweya wamtengo wapatali, kuchuluka kwa nyama zomwe sizikupezeka kale zimavutika.
Ku Pakistan, mwachitsanzo, ali pafupi kutha. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti umbombo waumunthu umabweretsa kufa kwa mitundu yonse ya nyama zabwino kwambiri monga mphaka wamchenga.
