Mbalame monga mbalame zakuda ndi za mitundu yopitilira. Pali mitundu 62 yonse. Kutalika, munthu wamkulu nthawi zambiri amafikira masentimita 25. Amayenda mosangalatsa - amalumpha ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala squat.
Malo okhala
Mbalame Yanyimbo Osasankha kwenikweni malinga ndi dera lomwe angakhale, ndipo mtundu wa nkhalango kwa iye ulibe kanthu. Koma nthawi zambiri malo okhala ndi zisa amakhala pafupi ndi tchire la mlombwa, kapena pafupi ndi ma spruc ang'onoang'ono.
Kudera la Russia, mbalame zanyimbo zimamanga kulikonse komwe kuli nkhalango. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mapiri. Pa East European Plain ndi subtaiga pali anthu mpaka 3 zikwi, ndipo mu taiga - pafupifupi 7 zikwi.
Osachepera zonsezi, mbalamezi zimakhazikika m'nkhalango zowuma - pafupifupi anthu 2 zikwi. Mpaka posachedwa, mbalame zanyimbo zinkakonda kukhala m'malo omwe anthu kulibe.
Koma tsopano amatha kuwoneka ngakhale m'mapaki amzindawu. Ngakhale zodabwitsazi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ku Western Europe. Kudera la Moscow, gawo la Europe la Russia ndi Urals, mbalame zanyimbo zimakhazikika kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Kuuluka kwake ndikowongoka komanso kolunjika. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu amatha kuwona nthenga zonyezimira - phiko ngati ili mkati mwa thrush. Mbalameyi imatha kufotokozedwa ngati yosawonekera, yokhala ndi mawanga owala pamapiko ndi pamimba.
Mbalame yakuda amadziwika chifukwa cha kusamala kwake. Izi zimakhala kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa, Asia, kumwera kwa China ndi nkhalango zaku Europe. Ngakhale ndizobisika, lero zimapezeka m'mizinda.
Mbalame yakuda ndi mbalame yosamala kwambiri komanso yamanyazi
Nthawi zambiri awa ndi manda, mapaki, misewu kawirikawiri. Komanso zimachitika kuti mbalame zakuda zimamanga zisa ngakhale mumiphika yamaluwa ndi m'makhonde. Amuna ndi akazi ndi osiyana kwambiri. Akaziwo ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi nyimbo yotulutsa mtundu wawo, ndipo amunawo ndi akuda kwathunthu ndi mlomo wachikaso wowala.
Malo okhala thrush-brows wofiira makamaka Asia ndi Kumpoto kwa Europe. M'nyengo yozizira, imawulukira kumwera. M'mbuyomu ku Russia, zinali zosowa, ndipo zikachulukirachulukira, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zosayembekezereka.
Pachithunzicho, redbird
Mu 1901, paki ina pafupi ndi St. Petersburg, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a masamba ofiira ambiri adawonedwa. Popita nthawi, adakhazikika pamalopo ndikuyamba kupanga chisa chaka chilichonse. Tsopano mitundu iyi imapezeka kulikonse ku Russia, mutha kuyesetsa tengani chithunzi cha thrush.
Mbalamezi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuti sawopa konse kuzizira. Nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chisa kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi. Mbalamezi zimakonda malo owala, makamaka nkhalango za birch. Amapewa nkhalango zotumphuka. Ku Karelia, amapanga zisa pakati pa tchire, m'malo amiyala. Belobrovik ndi wodzichepetsa ndipo amadziwa bwino madera atsopano.
Munda wam'munda umapezeka ku Europe ndi Siberia konse. Kusamuka kumachitika kokha m'nyengo yozizira ku North Africa, Caucasus, Kashmir, Southern Europe ndi Central Asia. Mutu wa phulusa ndi wotuwa ndikutuluka kwakuda. Kumbuyo kumakhala kofiirira, kopepuka pang'ono kuposa mchira ndi mapiko. Chifuwa ndi chofiira, chokhala ndi mawanga akuda.
Mbalame yakuda yamaluwa
Kudyetsa
Ma Belobroviks samakonda kudya ndipo amadyetsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi mphutsi. Samanyoza agulugufe. Akuluakulu amadyetsa anapiye ndi mphutsi, kuwabweretsa milomo yawo zingapo nthawi imodzi, kuti aliyense atenge nyongolotsi.
Ngati chaka cha phulusa lamapiri chidakhala chobala, ndiye kuti mbalame zam'munda sizimachoka kwawo. Koma ngakhale amakonda zipatso, samakana zomera ndi tizilombo tina.
M'nyengo yozizira, zimakhala zovuta kuti mbalame zifike pansi kukafunafuna chakudya, chifukwa chake, nyengo yozizira imangodya zipatso za rowan zokha ndi zitsamba zina, mwachitsanzo, zipatso za ntchafu ndi ma hawthorns.
M'dzinja amasangalala ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Fieldfare ikuyang'ana tizilombo ngakhale m'minda yolimidwa kumene. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwawona akuyang'ana pansi pagulu lalikulu, sentimita iliyonse.
Blackbird - mbalame malinga ndi chakudya, chodzichepetsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse amatha kuchipeza. Inde, nyongolotsi ndimakonda kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, amapeza chakudya pansi.
Mukawona mbalame yakuda nthawi yachilimwe, mutha kuwona momwe imalumphira paudzu kufunafuna nyongolotsi. Akupendeketsa mutu wake mbali imodzi, amayang'ana nyama yomwe akufuna kulanda, kenako ndikuyitulutsa mwanzeru. Nthawi zambiri mbalame zakuda zimadya zipatso ndi zipatso. Amalandira kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi chakudya.
Mbalame za Songbird zimakhala ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana, ndipo zomwe zimadya zimadalira nyengo komanso nyengo. Chipale chofewa chimasungunuka mchaka, koma nthaka ikadali yonyowa, imagwira mphutsi.
Chakumapeto kwa kasupe ndi koyambirira kwa chilimwe, mbozi zimaphatikizidwanso pazakudya zawo, zomwe pambuyo pake zimasinthidwa ndi nyongolotsi. Chilimwe chikamatha, amadya mbewu ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Umu ndi momwe amapangira mphamvu zomwe amafunikira asananyamuke kumwera. Chaka chonse, mbalame zanyimbo zimadyanso nkhono poswa zipolopolo zawo pamiyala.
Kubalana ndi moyo wa thrush
Mbalame zanyimbo zimakopa chidwi cha akazi kudzera m'nyimbo. Amuna akapikisana, amatsegula mchira wawo, amatulutsa nthenga zawo ndikukweza mitu yawo mmwamba. Mukakumana ndi wamkazi, thrush imayenda ndi mlomo wotseguka ndi mchira wotseguka.
Mutha kumva mayendedwe mbalame kuyambira Epulo mpaka Juni. Thrush ndi mbalame ya ana, ndipo imakhazikika mu chisoti cha mitengo kapena tchire. Komanso zimapezeka kuti zili pansi komanso pazinyumba.
Mverani mbalame yakuda ikuimba
Amamanga zisa zawo ndi udzu, utetezi ndi timitengo tating'ono, zomwe amamangirira ndi dongo losakanizika, ndowe za nyama ndi fumbi losiyanasiyana. Mazira oponya amaikira pafupifupi 5, amene mkazi amawawamira kwa milungu iwiri. Mu sabata lachiwiri la moyo, anapiyewo akuphunzira kale kuuluka.
Ma Belobroviks nthawi yogona amakhala amanyazi komanso osamala. Amayesetsa kubisala pothawirapo bwino. Zisa za thrush zimayikidwa pansi kumapeto kwa Epulo. Ngati nyengo ili yabwino, ndiye kuti anapiye oyamba atachoka pachisa, mkazi wofiirira atha kupanganso china.
Thirani chisa ndi mazira ndi anapiye
Amabweretsa mazira 6 nthawi imodzi. Anapiye amayamba kutuluka mchisa kale pa tsiku la 12 la moyo, pomwe ambiri sakudziwa kuuluka. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, ndiwothandiza kwambiri.
Ana amakhala pafupi ndi makolo awo nthawi zonse. Anapiyewo akaphunzira kuuluka, amakhala achangu kwambiri, koma amagwiritsa ntchito luso lowuluka pokhapokha atawopsezedwa.
Momwe mbalame zosuntha zosuntha, ndiye kuti gawo lochokera m'mwezi wa Marichi mpaka Epulo limachoka munyumba zachisanu, ndikusamukira kuti ziberekere ku Europe ndi Asia. Amapanga zisa mofananamo ndi mbalame zanyimbo, ndikufalitsa udzu wofewa pachisa.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala pamwamba pamitengo, makamaka m'madera, koma patali kwambiri pakati pawo. Mkaziyo amaikira mazira okwana 6 ndipo amawasanganitsa okha. Pakatha milungu ingapo, anapiye amabadwa, omwe amadyetsedwa ndi makolo onse awiri.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mbalame zakuda ndi ena ndikuti zimamanga zisa zawo pansi, osatinso pazitsa za mitengo. Chisa chikakonzeka, chachikazi chimayamba "kuvina" pamaso pa champhongo, chomwe chimayimbanso moyankha.
Amayikira mazira 3-5 amaangamanga. Ana asanawonekere, wamkazi amawayang'ana, makamaka kwa milungu ingapo. Makolo amabweretsa chakudya pamodzi kwa ana. Zonsezi, mbalame zotere za m'banja la thrushes zimatha kupanga zophatikizana ziwiri nyengo iliyonse.
