Kutsiriza - imodzi mwa mbalame zamtchire ku Europe. Ichi ndi cholengedwa chodzichepetsa, chomwe sichingapezeke kokha m'nkhalango. Mapaki am'mizinda ndi minda amakhalanso kwawo.
Zolemba za Chaffinch ndi malo okhala
Mbalame mbalameakuimira banja la finches. Mwamalongosoledwe finch - mbalame yaying'ono kukula kwake kwa mpheta, nthawi zina mpaka 20 cm m'litali, ndipo imalemera pafupifupi 30 g Komabe, imasiyana kwambiri ndi mbalame zina chifukwa imakhala ndi nthenga zowala kwambiri.
Amuna, makamaka m'nyengo yokwatirana, amawoneka onyozeka kwambiri. Khosi ndi mutu wawo ndi wabuluu kapena wabuluu wakuda. Chifuwa, masaya ndi mmero ndi zofiira kwambiri kapena burgundy, pamphumi ndi mchira wakuda.
Mikwingwirima iwiri ya mthunzi wowala pamapiko onse, ndi mchira wobiriwira zimapangitsa mawonekedwe a eni ake kukhala osayiwalika. Pambuyo pa kusungunuka nthawi yophukira, mtundu wa nthenga za mbalameyo umayamba kuzimiririka ndipo malankhulidwe abulauni amayamba kuwonekera.
Chinsalu chachikazi chimakhala ndi mtundu wocheperako; imvi-zobiriwira zobiriwira zimakhalapo muutoto wake. Anapiye achichepere ndi azimayi ochulukirapo. Pali mitundu yambiri ya finches, amasiyana pakati pawo kukula, mulomo, mtundu ndi zina. M'madera ena, amatchuka kwambiri pakati pa mbalame zina zazing'ono.
Mbalame zotchedwa Finches zimaonedwa ngati mbalame zosamuka., ngakhale oimira ena amasintha ndikukhala m'nyengo yozizira, mdera lomwe lasankhidwa. Gawo laku Europe la Russia, Siberia, Caucasus ndi kwawo komwe amakhala mchilimwe.
Mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala, mbalame zimasonkhana m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 50 mpaka 100 ndipo zimapita nthawi yozizira ku Central Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, Kazakhstan ndi Crimea.
Pachithunzicho mulinso wamkazi
Zima finch mwina kumadera oyandikana nawo, omwe ali kumwera, zigawo. Mbalame zimauluka kumwera mwachangu, pafupifupi 55 km / h. Panjira, gulu limaima m'malo okhala ndi chakudya chamasiku angapo.
Titha kunena molimba mtima kuti, kutengera dera, mbalame zazing'ono zimakhazikika, zosamukasamuka komanso mbalame zosamuka. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zazinyama zambiri zimakhala ziweto ndipo zimakhala makamaka m'malo otseguka. Monga lamulo, awa ndi madambo ndi minda. Mbalame ndi mpheta nthawi zambiri zimakhala ziweto zawo.
Zikopa zimafika liti kasupe akungoyamba kumene ndipo amatha kuwoneka m'nkhalango, m'minda, m'minda yamatchire ndi m'mapaki amzindawu. Malo okondedwa ndi nkhalango zowonda za spruce, nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi nkhalango zowala za paini. Samakhala ndi chisa pafupipafupi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amayang'ana chakudya padziko lapansi. Makamaka zimauluka kupita kumalo komwe zidaliko chilimwe chatha.
Magwero a dzina la mbalameyo achokera ku mawu akuti freeze, kuzizira. Kupatula apo, amafika koyambirira kwenikweni kwa masika ndipo amawuluka koyambirira nyengo yozizira. Pali lingaliro limodzi lakale laku Russia kuti mukamva nyimbo ya chaffinch, izitsogolera ku chisanu ndi kuzizira, ndi khungu - kutentha. Ndizodabwitsa kuti dzina lachi Latin la nthenga limakhala ndi muzu umodzi wokhala ndi mawu ozizira. Makolo athu ankakhulupiriranso kuti chaffinch anali wolengeza masika.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa finch
Mbalame wambaAmawuluka mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo padziko lapansi sakonda kuyenda, koma kulumpha. Nyimbo za Chaffinchkuyankhulidwa, mokweza komanso kosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, yofanana kwambiri ndi ma trill a lark, koma ali ndi mawonekedwe awo.
Kutalika kwa nyimbo sikupitilira masekondi atatu, ikadutsa kanthawi, imabwerezedwa. Achinyamata amachita nyimbo zosavuta kumva, amaphunzira kuchokera kwa achikulire, ndikupeza luso komanso ukatswiri ndi ukalamba.
Mwa njira, dera lirilonse limadziwika ndi "chilankhulo" chokha,phokoso lopangidwa ndi finch,zimasiyana kutengera komwe mumakhala. Zolemba zamphongo zimatha kukhala ndi nyimbo mpaka 10, zomwe amachitanso chimodzimodzi.
Mvula isanagwe, mbalame zimaimba ngati ryu-ryu-ryu trill, kotero mbalamezi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulosera nyengo. Ngati finch ikuimba Mawu a Finchimamveka kuyambira pomwe imafika mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. M'dzinja, mbalamezi zimaimba mobwerezabwereza komanso "mokweza". Kunyumbachaffinch kuimba imayamba mu Januware.
Mverani mawu akumalizira
Pofuna kumvamawu omaliza,ambiri amafuna kuti akawatenge kunyumba. Komabe, iyi si yankho labwino kwambiri. Chaffinch sakonda kuyimba mu khola, amakhala wamanjenje nthawi zonse, amayesera kudzimasula, atha kukhala ndi mavuto amaso ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizovuta kusankha chakudya cha mbalameyi.
Kutsiriza kudya
Mbalamezi zimadya chakudya chomera kapena tizilombo. Makhalidwe apadera a mkamwa mwa mbalameyo, mulomo wolimba ndi minofu yolimba ya nkhope zimalola kuthyola zipolopolo zonse zazing'ono ndi mbewu zolimba.
Chakudya chachikulu: mbewu za udzu ndi ma cones, masamba ndi masamba, maluwa, zipatso ndi mitundu yonse ya tizilombo. Ngakhale alimi akudandaula kuti mbalamezi zikuwononga mbewu zomwe zabzala,za finch ndibwino kunena kuti zimapindulitsa kwambiri minda ndi nkhalango.
Kubalana ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa finch
Kuchokera m'mbali zotentham'chaka amuna ndi akazi a finches bwerani mu gulu losiyana. Amuna amafika msanga ndipo amakhala kutali ndi anzawo amtsogolo. Kenako amuna amayamba kuimba mokweza, mawu amenewa amafanana ndi kulira kwa anapiye. Zikumveka izi zimakopa akazi kudera lawo.
Nyengo yokwanira ya mbalame zazing'ono imayamba mu Marichi. Asanayang'ane chibwenzi, amuna amakhala m'malo okhala ndi zisa, zomwe zimakhala ndi malire awo komanso madera osiyanasiyana.
Awa nthawi zambiri ndi malo omwe adamanga chaka chatha. Opikisana amtundu womwewo amathamangitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndewu zapakati pa zaka zoyambira amuna akulu zimachitika makamaka chifukwa chakumalire kwa amuna okalamba.
Pakati pa nyengo ya kukwatira, yaimunafinch amawoneka ngati wovutitsa weniweni. Amakangana kwambiri, amakangana pakati pawo komanso amayimba, nthawi zambiri amasokoneza nyimbo. Pakadali pano, amadzikoka yekha ndipo nthenga pamutu pake zimapindika.
Mkazi wapafupi amaulukira kwa wamphongoyo, amakhala pansi pafupi naye, amapinda miyendo yake, akukweza pang'ono mapiko ake ndi mchira, akuponyera mutu wake ndikuyamba kufinya mwakachetechete "zi-zi-zi". Wodziwa izi amatha kuchitika pansi komanso panthambi za mitengo.
Patatha mwezi umodzi, mbalamezi zimayamba kumanga nyumba zawo. Bizinesi iyi imaperekedwa kwa mkazi, chisamaliro chamwamuna ndichothandiza. Akuti pomanga chisa, chachikazi chimatsikira pansi nthawi zosachepera 1,300 kufunafuna zida zoyenera.Womaliza chisaamapezeka pafupifupi mumtengo uliwonse komanso kutalika kulikonse. Nthawi zambiri - pafupifupi 4 m ndi mafoloko a nthambi.
Mu sabata limodzi, kapangidwe kamangidwe kake kamapezeka - mbale mpaka mita imodzi m'mimba mwake. Ili ndi nthambi zowonda, moss, nthambi, udzu ndi mizu. Zonsezi zimachitika limodzi ndi intaneti.
Makoma ake ndi olimba komanso olimba ndipo amatha kufikira 25mm. Makoma akunja ndi awa: moss, ndere ndi makungwa a birch. Mkati mwa chisa mumakhala nthenga zosiyanasiyana, pansi ndi ubweya wa nyama umagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Zotsatira zake ndi nyumba yomwe ili yobisalamo bwino komanso yosawoneka bwino.
Pachithunzicho muli mwana wankhuku
Pofundira pali mazira 3-6, obiriwira obiriwira ndi madontho ofiira. Pamene yaikazi imafungatira anapiye, yaimuna imamubweretsera chakudya ndi kumusamalira. Pakatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri, makanda amabadwa ndi khungu lofiira ndikutulutsa kwamdima kumbuyo ndi kumutu.
Alibe chochita ndipo makolo onse amawadyetsa mwachikondi milomo yawo, ndikuyika tizilombo. Munthawi imeneyi, ndizosatheka kusokoneza mbalamezo. Munthu akafika pafupi ndi chisa, ana kapena mazira, mbalame zazikulu zimatha kumusiya.
Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, anapiyewo amatuluka m'chisa, koma makolo awo amawathandiza kwa theka lina la mwezi. Ana achiwiri a mbalamezi amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Pali mazira ochepa mukachitsulo kachiwiri. Finch amakhala osakhalitsa, ngakhale ali mu ukapolo moyo wawo ukhoza kufikira zaka 12.
Amamwalira makamaka chifukwa chosasamala, chifukwa chakudya nthawi zambiri chimasakidwa pansi ndipo chimatha kuponderezedwa ndi anthu kapena kugwidwa ndi zolusa. Pakati pa anthu, nthenga yabwino imawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha chisangalalo m'banja komanso moyo wabwino.
