Phyllomedusa wa mitundu iwiri ndi amphibiya wopanda mchira wokhala ndi zozizwitsa. Pazomwe anthu okhala madera oyandikana ndi chigwa cha Amazon amalemekeza ndikuwopa mwayi wake wachilengedwe, tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kufotokozera kwa bicolor phyllomedusa
Phylomedusa wamitundu iwiri - woyimira wamkulu wa mtundu wa Phyllomedusa, motero ndi dzina lachiwiri - chimphona. Ndiwachikhalidwe cha nkhalango zamvula za Amazon, Brazil, Colombia ndi Peru. Nyama izi zimakhala m'mitengo yambiri yomwe ili m'malo odekha. Pofuna kupewa kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi nthawi yowuma, amachita katulutsidwe ka khungu pogawa mosamala khungu lonse.
Mosiyana ndi achule ambiri, ma phyllomedusa amitundu iwiri amatha kugwira zinthu ndi manja awo ndi mapazi awo, ndipo m'malo modumpha, amatha kukwera kuchokera kunthambi kupita kunthambi, monga anyani. Amayenda usiku, ndipo masana amagona pamitengo yopyapyala, ngati mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, atakutidwa mwamtendere ndi mpira.
Achule amitundu iwiri ya phyllomedusa ndi amtundu wa Chakskaya, odziwika bwino ngati achule a masamba (chifukwa amawoneka ngati tsamba tulo, mtundu uwu umawalola kuti azitha kubisala m'masamba).
Maonekedwe, kukula kwake
Achule akulu anyani anyani, amakhalanso amitundu iwiri phyllomedusa, ndi amphibiya akuluakulu okhala ndi utoto wokongola wamandimu wobiriwira. Mbali yamkati mwake ndi kirimu choyera ndi mzera wa mawanga oyera owala ofotokozedwa wakuda. Kwa chithunzicho timapanganso maso akulu, osungunuka ndi mabala ofiira a mwana ndipo mawonekedwe a nyama amakhala ndi zolemba zina zapadera. Pali zotupa zotchulidwa pamwamba pamaso.
Mbali yodabwitsa kwambiri ya mitundu iwiri ya phyllomedusa imawerengedwa kuti ndi yayitali, pafupifupi yaumunthu, zikhadabo zokhala ndi mawanga obiriwira laimu pangongole zala zakuphazi.
Chule ndi "woopsa" kukula kwake, mpaka kutalika kwa mamilimita 93-103 mwa amuna, ndi mamilimita 110-120 mwa akazi.
Masana, mtundu wofala wamtunduwu ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira, wokhala ndi mawanga okhala ndi mdima wakuda, wobalalika mosasintha mthupi lonse, miyendo, komanso ngodya zamaso. Gawo lam'mimba ndi loyera mwa bulauni mwa akulu komanso loyera munyama zazing'ono. Usiku, mtundu wa nyama umatenga utoto wamkuwa.
Mapepala akuluakulu, opangidwa ndi ma disc amapangitsa achulewa kukhala apadera kwambiri. Ndi ma padi awa omwe amathandiza nyama pokonzekera mitengo, kupereka mphamvu yayikulu mukamafinya ndi kuyamwa.
Moyo, machitidwe
Achulewa nthawi zambiri amakhala usiku ndipo amakonda "kucheza". Bachelors amadziwika kuti ndi amuna opanda mawu makamaka. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi chiweto chachete, ndibwino kukana lingaliro logula phyllomedusa. Amakhala nthawi yayitali m'mitengo. Moyo wamadzulo komanso usiku umalola kuti nyamayo ikhale yotetezeka. Mayendedwe a mitundu iwiri ya phyllomedusa ndiosafulumira, osalala, ofanana ndi mayendedwe a bilimankhwe. Mosiyana ndi achule wamba, iwo samalumpha. Amathanso kugwira zinthu ndi manja ndi mapazi awo.
Bicolor phyllomedusa poizoni
Katulutsidwe kamene kamapangidwa ndi tiziwalo tomwe timakhala pamwamba pa maso a chule kamakhala ngati mafuta odzola nyama. Lili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza kuthana ndi matenda komanso zowawa.
Ponena za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka anthu, malingaliro amasiyanasiyana. Mitundu ya Amazonia imawona phyllomedusa yamitundu iwiri ngati nyama yopatulika. Zikhulupiriro zimati ngati munthu athana ndi kusungulumwa, ataya moyo wake ndikuyembekeza, amafunika mgwirizano ndi chilengedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, ma shaman apadera amachita mwambo wachipembedzo. Kwa iye, zilonda zing'onozing'ono zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa thupi la "mutu", pambuyo pake amapatsidwa poizoni pang'ono.
Chinsinsi chakupha chimakhala chosavuta kupeza. Chule amatambasulidwa ndi ziwalozo mbali zonse, kenako amalavulira kumsana kwake. Mwambo wosavutawu umamuthandiza kuti asachite bwino ndikumukakamiza kuti adziteteze.
Chifukwa chakukhudzana ndi khungu ndi poyizoni, akuti, munthu amayendera ziwonetsero zakumbuyo motsutsana ndi kuyeretsedwa kwathunthu kwa thupi, pambuyo pake kumatuluka mphamvu yayikulu ndi chisangalalo.
Kodi mkhalidwe weniweni ndi wotani?
Zinthu zomwe zili mchinsinsi sizikhala ndi zofananira. Komabe, lili ndi zida zokwanira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azisangalala. Zinthu zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosintha mawonekedwe amitsempha yamagazi, kuti muchepetse ndikukulitsa. Zotsatira zake, tili ndi - kuchuluka, komwe kumasinthidwa mwamphamvu ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa thupi, kukomoka kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndizotheka. Pambuyo pa gawo ili, nthawi yochitira emetics ndi mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tofika amabwera, chifukwa cha kuyeretsa kwamphamvu kwa thupi kuchokera ku zosafunika kumachitika.
Kungoganiza kuti chakudya chosakonzedwa bwino cha anthu okhala m'mafuko awa komanso mkhalidwe wopanda ukhondo chingapangitse kuti atenge matenda amitundu yosiyanasiyana, pambuyo pake kukhudzana ndi poyizoni wa chule kumakhala ngati kuyeretsa. Poterepa, m'malo mwake, munthu wochiritsidwa amatha kumva mphamvu ndi nyonga.
Pakadali pano, makampani azamankhwala ambiri akuwunika za poyizoni wa Cambo, palinso mphekesera zakukula kwa mankhwala a anticancer ndi anti-AIDS, koma zitsanzo zabwino sizinapezeke. Koma kutchuka koteroko kunasewera nthabwala yankhanza ndi achule omwe. Pofuna kugulitsa poizoni, osaka nyama mozemba amawapeza ambiri. Am'bisala am'deralo amagulitsa bicolor phyllomedusa ngati chithandizo cha matenda osiyanasiyana.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Bicolor phyllomedusa imapezeka ku nkhalango zamvula za Amazon, Brazil, Colombia ndi Peru.
Amakhala kumtunda m'malo ouma opanda mphepo. Bicolor phyllomedusa ndi mtundu wokhala pamitengo. Kapangidwe kake ka miyendo ndi zala zazitali zokhala ndi makapu oyamwa kumapeto kwa zala zimawathandiza kukhala ndi moyo wamtengo.
Zakudya zamitundu iwiri phyllomedusa
Zakudya za chulezi zimakhala ndi mphutsi zazing'ono, mbozi ndi tizilombo. Bicolor phyllomedusa, mosiyana ndi abale ena ambiri, amatenga chakudya ndi dzanja lake, ndikumatumiza pang'onopang'ono mkamwa mwake.
Kubereka ndi ana
Nyengo yoti iberekane itangofika, yaimuna imapachikika pamitengo ndipo, ndikamvekedwe kake, imayitana yaikazi yoti izakwerane nayo. Komanso, banja lomwe langopangidwa kumene limamanga chisa cha masamba, momwe mkazi amayikira mazira.
Nthawi yobereketsa imakhala nthawi yamvula, pakati pa Novembala ndi Meyi. Zisa zili pamwamba pamadzi - pafupi ndi matope kapena dziwe. Akazi amayala mazira 600 mpaka 1200 ngati mawonekedwe a gelatinous ngati kondomu, yomwe amapindidwa kukhala chisa chokonzekera bwino. Patatha masiku 8-10 atagona, ana akhanda okulirapo, omwe amadzimasula ku chipolopolocho, amagwera m'madzi, komwe amaliza kukula kwawo.
Adani achilengedwe
Achulewa amatha kudyedwa ndi mbalame zina zodya nyama ndi njoka zamtengo. Njira yokhayo yodzitetezera ya phyllomedusa kuchokera kwa iwo ndikubisa, kuthekera kugona masana ngati tsamba la mtengo. Komanso, mitundu ina ya njoka zimawononga mazira ndi ana amtsogolo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chule wamkulu wamphongo, aka bicolor phyllomedusa, amadziwika chifukwa chobisa khungu. Ashamani a m'nkhalango yamvula ya Amazon amagwiritsa ntchito mitunduyi pakasaka. Monga ma amphibiya ena padziko lonse lapansi, achule awa akuwopsezedwa ndikusintha kwanyengo ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala. Malinga ndi chidziwitso chovomerezeka cha IUCN, nyamayo imakhala m'gulu lomwe silikudetsa nkhawa, chifukwa, ngakhale agwidwa kwambiri, ali ndi ziweto zambiri.
