Mawonekedwe ndi malo a Indian cobra
Cobra waku India (kuchokera ku Latin Naja naja) ndi njoka yapoizoni yochokera ku banja la asp, mtundu wa mamba weniweni. Njoka iyi ili ndi thupi, yomata mchira, kutalika kwa 1.5-2 mita, wokutidwa ndi masikelo.
Monga mitundu ina yonse ya mphiri, ya ku India imakhala ndi hood yomwe imatseguka njokayi ikakhala yosangalala. Hood ndi mtundu wokulitsa wa torso womwe umachitika chifukwa cha nthiti zomwe zikukula mothandizidwa ndi minofu yapadera.
Mtundu wa thupi la mamba umakhala wosiyanasiyana, koma zazikuluzikulu ndi mithunzi yachikaso, imvi-imvi, nthawi zambiri imakhala yamchenga. Pafupi ndi mutu pali mawonekedwe omveka bwino omwe amafanana ndi mabala kapena magalasi m'mbali mwake, ndichifukwa chake amachitcha Indian njoka yamoto idachita chidwi.
Asayansi amagawa njoka zam'madzi zaku India m'magulu akuluakulu angapo:
- cobra wakhungu (wochokera ku Latin Naja naja coeca)
- monocle cobra (wochokera ku Latin Naja naja kaouthia);
- kulavulira Indian mamba (kuchokera ku Latin Naja naja sputatrix);
- Cobra waku Taiwan (wochokera ku Latin Naja naja atra)
- Cobra waku Central Asia (kuchokera ku Latin Naja naja oxiana).
Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, pali mitundu ingapo ingapo. Kawirikawiri amatchulidwa ndi mtundu wa njoka zam'madzi zaku India komanso Indian mamba cobra, koma awa ndi mawonekedwe osiyana pang'ono, omwe ndi akulu kukula ndi kusiyanasiyana kwina, ngakhale amafanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe.
Chithunzi ndi Indian cobra
Indian cobra, kutengera subspecies, amakhala ku Africa, pafupifupi ku Asia konse, komanso, ku Indian continent. M'madera omwe kale anali USSR, mambawa amapezeka ponseponse m'maiko amakono: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan ndi Tajikistan - subspecies ya Central Asia cobra amakhala kuno.
Amasankha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana kuyambira m'nkhalango mpaka m'mapiri. Pamalo amiyala, imakhala m'ming'alu ndi maenje osiyanasiyana. Ku China, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'minda ya mpunga.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa Indian cobra
Njoka yamtunduwu siimamuwopa munthu ndipo imatha kukhazikika pafupi ndi nyumba yake kapena m'minda yolimidwa kuti ikololedwe. Nthawi zambiri Indian cobra naya opezeka m'nyumba zosiyidwa, zosalimba.
Mtundu uwu wa mphiri sumaukira anthu ngati sukuwona ngozi ndi nkhanza zochokera kwa iwo, umaluma, kubayira jakisoni, kumangodzitchinjiriza, ndiyeno, nthawi zambiri, osati mphiri womwewo, koma mkokomo wake wowopsa, umakhala choletsa.
Kupanga kuponya koyamba, kumatchedwanso kuti kubera, mamba waku India samatulutsa kuluma koopsa, koma amangopanga mutu, ngati akuchenjeza kuti kuponyera kwina kukhoza kupha.
Chithunzi ndi Indian cobra naya
M'malo mwake, ngati njokayo idakwanitsa kubaya poyizoni ikalumidwa, ndiye kuti wolumidwayo amakhala ndi mwayi wochepa wopulumuka. Gramu imodzi ya njoka yamphongo yaku India imatha kupha agalu opitilira zana.
Kulavulira mamba Kodi ma subspecies a Indian cobra ndi ndani, samaluma kawirikawiri. Njira yachitetezo chake imazikidwa pamakonzedwe apadera a ngalande zamazinyo, zomwe zimayikidwa poyizoni.
Njira izi sizipezeka pansi pamano, koma m'malo awo owongoka, ndipo pakawonekera chowopsa ngati nyama yolusa, njoka iyi imawaza poizoni, pamtunda wopitilira mamita awiri, ikuyang'ana m'maso. Kulowetsa poizoni m'mimbamo ya diso kumabweretsa kutentha kwa diso ndipo chinyama chimataya kuwona bwino, ngati poyizoniyo sanatsukidwe msanga, ndiye kuti khungu lonse limatha.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mano a njoka ya ku India ndi amfupi, mosiyana ndi njoka zina zapoizoni, ndipo amakhala osalimba, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsogolera tchipisi tawo ndikuthyoka, koma m'malo mwa mano owonongeka, atsopano amatuluka mwachangu kwambiri.
Pali ziphuphu zambiri ku India zomwe zimakhala m'matumba ndi anthu. Anthu amaphunzitsa njoka yamtunduwu pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamphepo, ndipo ali okondwa kupanga zisudzo zosiyanasiyana ndikutenga nawo mbali.
Pali makanema ambiri ndipo chithunzi cha Indian cobra ndi munthu yemwe amasewera chitoliro, amachititsa kuti chowonjezera ichi chikweze kumchira kwake, kutsegula chimbudzi ndipo, titero, kuvina nyimbo zaphokoso.
Amwenye ali ndi malingaliro abwino pa njoka yamtunduwu, kuwawona ngati chuma chamtundu. Anthu awa ali ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri komanso ma epics omwe amapezeka ndi Indian cobra. M'mayiko ena, njoka iyi ndiyotchuka kwambiri.
Imodzi mwa nkhani zodziwika bwino za njoka yamphongo yaku India ndi nthano ya wolemba wotchuka Rudyard Kipling wotchedwa "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi". Imafotokoza zakumenyana pakati pa mongoose wopanda mantha ndi mamba waku India.
Chakudya cha njoka yaku India
Cobra waku India, monga njoka zambiri, amadyetsa nyama zazing'ono, makamaka makoswe ndi mbalame, komanso achule amphibiya ndi achule. Zisa za mbalame nthawi zambiri zimawonongedwa ndikudya mazira ndi anapiye. Komanso, mitundu ina ya zokwawa zimadya, kuphatikizapo njoka zazing'ono zoyipa.
Cobra wamkulu waku India amatha kumeza khoswe wamkulu kapena kalulu nthawi imodzi. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mpaka milungu iwiri, mphiri imatha kuchita popanda madzi, koma itapeza gwero imamwa kwambiri, ndikusungira madzi mtsogolo.
Indian cobra, kutengera dera lomwe amakhala, amasaka nthawi zosiyanasiyana masana ndi usiku. Imatha kusaka nyama pansi, m'madzi am'madzi komanso pazomera zazitali. Kunja kwachilendo, njoka yamtunduwu imayenda m'mitengo ndikusambira m'madzi, kufunafuna chakudya.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mphiri waku India
Kukula msinkhu mu mphamba zaku India kumachitika pofika chaka chachitatu cha moyo. Nthawi yobereketsa imachitika m'miyezi yachisanu mu Januware ndi February. Pambuyo pa miyezi 3-3.5, njoka yaikazi imaikira mazira pachisa.
Zowalamulira mazira 10-20. Mtundu uwu wa mphiri sunasanganize mazira, koma akawayikira amakhala pafupi ndi chisa, kuteteza ana awo amtsogolo kuchokera kwa adani akunja.
Pakatha miyezi iwiri, mwana wamanjoka amayamba kuwaswa. Ana obadwa kumene, omasulidwa ku chipolopolocho, amatha kuyenda mosadalira ndipo mwachangu amasiya makolo awo.
Poganizira kuti anabadwa pomwepo ali ndi poizoni, njoka izi sizikusowa chisamaliro chapadera, chifukwa zimatha kudziteteza ngakhale ku nyama zazikulu. Nthawi ya moyo wa njoka yam'madzi ya ku India imasiyanasiyana kuyambira zaka 20 mpaka 30, kutengera komwe amakhala komanso kupezeka kwa chakudya chokwanira m'malo amenewa.
