Ngwazi yopeka ya Lucius, yemwe anali ndi mphatso yowona pazinthu, adatcha dzina la imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri - mphaka. Anthu okhala ku Greece wakale amati nyamayi ndi yomweyi. Amatcha amber petrified lynx mkodzo.
Mu 1603, asayansi aku Italiya adapanga Academy of Rysaeus, ndipo ngakhale Galileo adaphatikizidwa. Anthu ammudzi adachita nawo chidwi chofuna kuthana ndi tsankho.
Chizindikiro - lynx, kuphwanya Cerberus, kumatanthauza kumenya nkhondo yolimbana ndi umbuli ndi mphamvu ya chidziwitso. Lynx mu heraldry amatanthauza kuwona kwamaso. Malinga ndi akatswiri ena, ndiye iye, osati mkango, womwe umakongoletsa malaya aku Finland.
Makhalidwe ndi malo a lynx
Mtundu wa nyama zokongola izi ndi zazikulu kwambiri: Eurasia, Kumpoto kwa kontrakitala yaku America, dera la Subpolar ndi Kamchatka. M'mbuyomu, lynx amakhala mdera lonse, koma kufunika kwa ubweya kwadzetsa chiwonongeko m'maiko ambiri aku Europe. Masiku anolynx, nyama yolusa yomwe yatchulidwa mu Red Book. Imatumizidwanso kumadera ena.
KUmitundu ya lynx onjezerani: wamba lynx, Canada lynx, Iberian lynx ndi red lynx. Caracal, wotchedwanso steppe kapenam'chipululu, mumakhala makamaka ku Africa, Asia ndi kum'mawa kwa India.
Kwa nthawi yayitali amadziwika kuti ndi banja la a lynx, komabe, mawonekedwe ena amtundu wa mayendedwe adathandizira kuti idasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wina. Mphaka wa Marble -nyama yomwe imawoneka mofanana ndi mphaka, koma osati mtundu wake, amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia ndipo ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa mphaka wabwinobwino kukula kwake.
Powonekera, nyama imafanana ndi mphaka wamkulu kwambiri pafupifupi mita imodzi (akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono) okhala ndi mchira wodulidwa pafupifupi masentimita 20-25. Amuna amalemera mpaka 25 kg, akazi mpaka pafupifupi 18 kg. Nthawi zina mumatha kupeza anthu akuluakulu, olemera mpaka 30 kg.
Thupi lalifupilo, laminyewa la nyama limakutidwa ndi ubweya wonenepa komanso wofewa wokhala ndi chovala chamkati chokhuthala. Mtundu wa malayawo umadalira malo okhalamo nyamayo ndipo imatha kukhala yofiira, imvi ndi bulauni. Madera akumbuyo ndi m'mbali mwa mphaka amakhala ndi mawanga akuda. Nyama zimakhetsedwa kawiri pachaka, chovala cha chilimwe ndi chachifupi osati chokulirapo ngati chachisanu.
Miyendo yakumbuyo ili pafupi 20% kufupikitsa kuposa yakutsogolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizilumphira zazitali modabwitsa mpaka 4.5 mita. Kusiyana pakati pa mphaka ndi mphalapala zina ndikuti zala zake zakumaso zili ndi zala zinayi, ndipo miyendo yakumbuyo ili ndi isanu.
M'nyengo yozizira, nyama yokha imakhala yokutidwa ndi ubweya wakuda, womwe umathandizira kwambiri kuyenda kwa nyama pachikuto cha chisanu. Mukamayenda, mphalapala ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo zimaponda panjira yakutsogolo, ndipo ngati anthu angapo akusuntha, ndiye kuti amaponda njanji za omwe ali kutsogolo. Kuyenda motere kumakhala kambuku komanso nkhandwe.
Pamutu wozungulira wokhala ndi maso akulu, pali makutu amakona atatu okhala ndi ngayaye kumapeto, omwe amakhala ngati tinyanga ndipo amalola kuti nyamayo imve kulira kosamveka. Asayansi apeza kuti popanda maburashi, nyama imayamba kumva zoipa kwambiri.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa lynx
Mpheta ndi nyama yakutchire.Mphaka wamkuluyu amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, nthano imapezeka mumtambo kapena m'nkhalango. Komabe, mphaka wolusa amakwera mitengo mwangwiro ndipo amadzidalira kwambiri panthambi zawo kuposa pansi.
Lynx - nyama ya taiga ndi nkhalango, ndipamene amatha kukhutiritsa mtima wake wosaka. Mphuno ya Eurasian imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -55 madigiri.
Mpheta iliyonse imakhala pamalo ena ake okwana 250 mita lalikulu. Km, yomwe amatha kuyendayenda mkati mwa masabata 1-2. Amachoka m'gawo lake pokhapokha pakasowa chakudya. Adani akuluakulu a lynx ndi mimbulu ndi mimbulu.
Sizikudziwika chifukwa chake mimbulu imadyetsa amphaka mwanjira imeneyi, kapena chifukwa chomwe imakondera nyama ya lynx kapena pomenyera chakudya. Komabe, mphaka sangathawe gulu la mimbulu. Ngati nyama zodziwa bwino zikubisala m'mitengo, ndiye kuti wachinyamatayo amalumidwa ndi gulu.
Ndizomvetsa chisoni, koma choopsa chachikulu kwa nyama ndi munthu. Chaka chilichonse anthu opha nyama moperewera amachepetsa ziweto zabwinozi. Mwa njira, kukumana ndi mphaka kumawerengedwa kuti ndi mwayi, chifukwa imakonda kubisalira munthu m'nkhalango zamitengo.
Kumva bwino kwa mphaka kumathandiza kuti izitha kuyenda bwinobwino asanabwere n'kudzabisala msanga. Koma ngati munthu wavulaza mphaka wolusa, amatha kuyembekeza mwamphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito mano akuthwa ndi zikhadabo. Nyama imatha kuthyola khosi lamunthu, koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.
Mphaka sangathe kupirira wakuba nkhandwe. Mphaka amamuyembekezera ndi kumupha, kusiya mtembo uli m'malo. Modabwitsa, mphaka wamtchireyu ali ndi chizolowezi chosangalatsa chogwedeza mchira wake. Sizidziwikiratu kuti izi zimachitika bwanji.
Chakudya
Kulimbitsa thupi, kutha kukwera nthambi za mitengo ndi miyala, komanso kusambira ndi kudumpha, kulingalira bwino, kuwona ndi kumva zimapangitsa kuti ziphuphu zikhale msaka woyamba. Masana, nthanoyo amapuma, kuti apeze chakudya.
Imayamba kuyambira 3 koloko m'mawa mpaka mbandakucha. Ndi ziphuphu za ku Canada zokha zomwe zimasaka masana. Pobisalira, nyama, osasunthika, imatha kudikirira nyama yotalikirapo, mawanga pa malaya amabisa bwino chilengedwe.
Mphaka uyu samasaka mitengo, pokhala nthambi, amangoyang'ana nyama. Atasanthula nyamayo, chilombocho chimagunda, kwinaku kudumpha mita zingapo.
Ngati sikunali kotheka kugwira nyama yomweyo, imathamangitsa mita 100 ndipo, ngati yalephera, imayimitsa kuyesaku. Kuthamanga kwa nyama kumakhala pafupifupi 20 km paola, kuthamanga kwambiri kumakhala mpaka 40 km paola. Pofunafuna nyama, mphaka wodya nyama amatha kuyenda makilomita 30 patsiku.
Wodya nyama amafunikira ma kilogalamu angapo a nyama patsiku, komabe, nyama yanjala imatha kudya mpaka 6 kg patsiku. Mphuno yodyetsedwa bwino ikupumula. Zotsalira zonse zimayikidwa m'matalala kapena pansi. Mwa njira, amabisa nyamayo molakwika. Nyama zina modekha zimapeza zosungidwazo ndipo zimadya zomwe zilipo.
Nthawi zambiri, atabisala chakudya, mphaka uja sabwereranso kwa iye. Chakudya chachikulu cha lynx ndi kalulu woyera, koma chakudyacho chimaphatikizanso makoswe, agologolo, ma raccoon ndi mbalame. Nthawi ndi nthawi, timakumana ndi masewera akuluakulu: mbawala zamphongo, nswala, chamois, elk, nguluwe.
Ngati chinyama chimakhala pafupi ndi anthu, ziweto zimatha kukhala nyama yake. Masika, nsomba ikaikira mazira m'madzi osaya, nthiti imadzaza ndi mapiko ake mulimonse ndipo imasangalalanso.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kuyambira pachiyambi cha masika mpaka chilimwe, nyengo yakuswana imayamba ndi mphaka. Amuna angapo, omwe amapita ndi akazi nthawi zonse, amamenya nkhondo nthawi zonse, meow, kulira ndikulira. Izi zimamveka patali kwambiri. Mkazi atapereka amakonda kwambiri agile komanso olimba kwambiri, nyamazo zimapanga banja.
Anthu okondana amakondana, kununkhiza ndikuyamba kupota pamphumi pang'ono mopepuka. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndikukonzekereratu kogona, komwe kumatha kukhala mizu ya mtengo, dzenje, phanga ladothi kapena phompho lamwala. Amayika nyumba zawo ndi udzu, ubweya wa nyama ndi nthenga.
Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-2.5, ana 2-4 amabadwa, olemera pafupifupi 300 g, osamva chilichonse kapena ogontha. Komabe, patapita sabata, makolo amayamba kulera mlenje pang'ono kuchokera ku mphaka. Amabweretsa mbewa kapena mbalame yaing'ono ndi kubisala.
Ntchito ya mwanayo ndikuwapeza. Pakadutsa miyezi itatu, amphaka amakhala kale ndi amayi awo posaka, ndipo ali ndi miyezi isanu amaphunzira kudzipezera okha chakudya. Amphaka akakhala ndi chaka chimodzi, mayi ake amawathamangitsa ndikupeza ana ena.
Mkaziyo amakhala wokonzeka kukwatirana pafupifupi chaka ndi theka, amuna atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri ndi theka. Kutalika kwa nyama zolusa m'chilengedwe kumatha zaka 20, mu ukapolo chiwerengerochi chikufikira 25.
Tsopano kusungidwa kwa nyama zakutchire m'nyumba ndi nyumba kuli ponseponse. Litikugula nyama ngati mphako,ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti amafunikira malo okhala ndi chisamaliro chapadera.
Zizolowezi za nyama yakutchire sizimapangitsa kuti zisungidwe m'nyumba, komabe, pakadali pano mtundu wa "Domestic Lynx" udasinthidwa powoloka mphaka wamphaka wamphaka ndi mphaka wokhala ndi utoto wofananira.Mtengo wa Lynx wamtali ndithu, koma ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chiweto chanzeru, chokongola komanso chachisomo.
