Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Meerkat (kuchokera ku Latin Suricata suricatta) kapena myrkat woonda kwambiri ndi nyama yaying'ono yochokera pagulu lodya nyama ya mongoose.
Ndinyama yaying'ono kwambiri yamtundu wonse wa mongoose, yomwe ili ndi mitundu 35. Kutalika kwa thupi lawo sikufikira masentimita 35, ndikulemera mpaka magalamu 750. Mchira ndi wofiira ndi nsonga yakuda, motalika kwambiri mofanana - mpaka 20-25 cm.
Mutu ndi waung'ono ndimakutu ozungulira omwe amangika pamphumi lamtundu wakuda, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale wakuda. Mabowo amdima nawonso ndi amdima polumikizana ndi thupi lonse, ofanana ndi magalasi, omwe amapangitsa meerkat zoseketsa.
Mtundu wa tsitsi lofewa lalitali pamtembo wa chilombo ichi ndiwofiyira-imvi, nthawi zina kufupi ndi lalanje. Ili ndi miyendo inayi yaying'ono, miyendo yakutsogolo yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazitali. Monga ma mongoose onse, nyama zam'nyanja zimatha kutulutsa katulutsidwe ka fungo lonunkhira.
Asayansi amagawaniza nyamazi m'magulu atatu:
- Chimamanda ngozi adichie
- Suricata suricatta marjoriae
- Suricata suricatta iona
Chikhalidwe Zakudya zanyama anagawidwa ku Africa kumwera kwa equator. Amakhala m'malo otentha komanso ouma m'zipululu komanso madera oyandikana nawo.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Meerkats ndi nyama zamasana, usiku amabisala m'mayenje akuya okumbidwa. Ma burrows, nthawi zambiri, amadzikumba okha, ndipo kuya kwa burrow kumakhala pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka. Sizingatenge nthawi zambiri zomwe zilipo, kuzikonzekeretsa okha.
M'malo amapiri ndi mapiri, amakhala m'mapanga ndi m'mapanga. Nyamazi zimathera tsiku lonse kufunafuna chakudya, kukumba zatsopano kapena kukonza mabowo akale, kapena kungosangalala ndi dzuwa, zomwe zimakonda kuchita.
Meerkats ndi nyama zocheza, nthawi zonse zimasochera m'madera, omwe pafupifupi anthu 25-30, palinso mabungwe akuluakulu, momwe munali nyama 60.
Mwambiri, mwachilengedwe, ndizosowa kuti olusa amakhala ndi moyo wachikoloni, mwina, kupatula meerkats, ndiye mikango yokhayo, yokhala ndi mayanjano ngati onyada, imatha kudzitama ndi moyo. Mu gulu la meerkats nthawi zonse mumakhala mtsogoleri, ndipo, chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mtsogoleriyu nthawi zonse amakhala wamkazi, chifukwa chake maulendowa amapambana munyamazi.
Zowonongekazi nthawi zambiri zimasaka m'magulu ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimagawana maudindo a aliyense. Mamembala ena a gululi amayimirira ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo kufunafuna nyama, ziyenera kudziwika kuti nyama zam'mimba zimatha kukhala m'malo oyang'anira kwa nthawi yayitali, pomwe ena amatenga nyama, yomwe oyambayo amawonetsa kudzera mofuula.
Ngakhale kuti meerkats ndi odyetsa, amakhala ndikukasaka m'mafuko akulu
Pokhala ndi thupi lokhalitsa, polondera, nyama izi zimawoneka zoseketsa zikuyimirira miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, ndi yakutsogolo, ikugwa pansi. Ojambula ambiri amayesa kujambula chithunzichi kuti apeze chithunzi chabwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, meerkats ndi nyama zosamala kwambiri, samangosamalira ana awo okha, komanso ana amabanja ena omwe amakhala nawo kumudzi. Nthawi yozizira, mutha kuwona gulu la meerkats litakumanizana kuti lifunditsane ndi matupi awo, izi zimawoneka mosavuta chithunzi cha meerkats.
Banja la meerkats nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi maenje angapo ndipo nthawi zambiri amasintha pakagwa ngozi kapena banja lina likakhala pafupi. Nthawi zina maenje akale amasiyidwa chifukwa chakuti tiziromboti timachulukana pakapita nthawi.
Meerkats, monga ma mongoose onse, amadziwika ndi osaka njoka, kuphatikiza owopsa. Amakhulupirira molakwika kuti nyamazi zili ndi chitetezo cha njoka. Ngati njoka, mwachitsanzo, njoka ya mamba, ikaluma meerkat, kenako idzafa, ndikuti kupendekera kwanyama ndiko kotero kuti zokwawa zokwawa sizimatha kuchita izi.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kutchuka kwa odyetsa pang'ono oseketsa kwakhala kwakuti mu 2012 kanema waku Australia adatulutsa zolembedwa zisanu ndi chimodzi za meerkats wotchedwa "Meerkats". Moyo Wamkulu Wazinthu Zing'onozing'ono "(dzina loyambirira" Kalahari Meerkats ").
M'mayiko ena, opanga makanema komanso asayansi amakhalanso ndi anthu aku Australia, chifukwa chake makanema ambiri omwe atenga nawo mbali pazinyama ajambulidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Chakudya cha Meerkat
Zakudya za meerkats sizolemera kwambiri, chifukwa owerengeka ochepa a zinyama amakhala m'malo awo. Amadya makamaka tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, mphutsi zawo, mazira a mbalame, akangaude, zinkhanira, abuluzi ndi njoka.
Atalowa kunkhondo ndi chinkhanira, meerkat poyamba amaluma mchira wake, womwe uli ndi poizoni, kenako ndikupha chinkhanira chomwecho, potero chimadziteteza ku poizoni.
Zowononga izi zimasakasaka chakudya pafupi ndi dzenje lawo, ndiye kuti, bwalo lofufuzira silimangodutsa makilomita awiri kapena atatu okha. Poganizira malo okhala meerkats m'malo owuma, samazunzika konse chifukwa chosowa madzi, amakhala ndi zokwanira pakupanga chakudya chanyama, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kukonzekera kwa umuna mu meerkats zachikazi kumatheka pofika chaka cha moyo. Alibe nyengo yeniyeni yoberekera, nyama izi zimaswana chaka chonse. Mkazi amatha kubala ana atatu kapena anayi pachaka.
Mimba mwa mkazi imakhala pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, pambuyo pake patuluka nyama zazing'ono zakhungu. Ana ang'onoang'ono obadwa kumene amalemera magalamu 25-40 okha. Chiwerengero cha ana mu zinyalala nthawi zambiri chimakhala 4-5, nthawi zambiri anthu 7 amabadwa.
Masabata awiri atabadwa, makanda amayamba kutsegula maso awo ndikuzolowera kukhala okha. Kwa miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya moyo wawo, amadyetsedwa mkaka ndipo pambuyo pake amayamba kuyesa kudya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timabweretsedwapo ndi makolo awo kapena achikulire ena am'banja lawo (abale ndi alongo).
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Ndi mtsogoleri m'modzi yekha wamkazi yemwe angabweretse ana m'banja, ngati akazi ena atakhala ndi pakati ndikubweretsa ana, ndiye kuti wamkazi wamkulu amawathamangitsa m'banja lawo motero amayenera kupanga zawo.
M'malo awo okhala nthawi zonse, nyama izi zimakhala pafupifupi zaka zisanu. Nyama zazikuluzikulu zimakhudza kwambiri nyama, makamaka mbalame, zomwe kanyama kakang'ono kameneka ndi kachakudya kokoma. M'malo osungira nyama ndi meerkats kunyumba kukhala ndi moyo wautali - mpaka zaka 10-12.
Chimodzi mwazikhulupiriro za anthu aku Africa, akuti meerkats amateteza anthu ndi ziweto kwa satana ena amwezi, ophulika, chifukwa chake anthu akumaloko ali okondwa kukhala ndi meerkats.
Ngakhale kuti nyama zoyamwitsazi ndi nyama zolusa, zimazolowera mwachangu komanso mosavuta anthu komanso momwe zimakhalira chakudya kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, nyamazi zimabweretsanso phindu lenileni kwa anthu, kuyeretsa nyumba yake ndi malo olimidwa ndi zinkhanira ndi njoka.
Chifukwa chake, sizovuta kugula meerkat ku Africa; wogulitsa nyama iliyonse atha kupereka khumi ndi awiri mwa iwo kuti asankhe. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi osunga malo osungira nyama, kuphatikizapo m'dziko lathu. Izi zili choncho meerkat mtengo zopanda pake kwenikweni chifukwa alibe ubweya wamtengo wapatali ndipo munthu sawadya.
