Pomeranian, yemwe amadziwika kuti Pomeranian, ndi m'mitundu ya agalu yokongoletsa komanso yotchuka kwambiri. M'mabungwe ena a canine, kuphatikiza FCI, Pomeranian imadziwika kuti ndi Spitz yaku Germany, pomwe mwa ena, kuphatikiza AKC, imasankhidwa ngati mtundu wosiyana, wodziyimira pawokha.
Mbiri ya komwe kunachokera
Poyambirira ku Germany, agalu amtundu woyera okha adawetedwa, omwe amatchedwa "pommirl"... Agalu akuda nthawi zambiri ankasungidwa ku Württemberg, komwe mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama poteteza minda yamphesa. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, panthawiyo, a Pomeranians anali okulirapo kuposa abale awo amakono, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amakhala olondera nyumba za anthu osauka ndi mabwato awo ang'onoang'ono.
Panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mfumukazi Victoria, a Spitz adatengedwa kuchokera ku Pomerania kupita kudera la England, komwe ntchito yayikulu idayambika yopanga mitundu yaying'ono, kukonza kunja kwakunja ndikupatsa nyamayo mawonekedwe apamwamba.
Oyimira abwino kwambiri a Spitz, opangidwa ndi obereketsa aku England ndi aku America, anali pafupi kwambiri ndi omwe amatchulidwapo a Pomeranians amakono. Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse idapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa gawo lalikulu la anthu a lalanje, chifukwa chake, kuti abwezeretse kuchuluka kwa anthu, obereketsa aku Germany ndi obereketsa omwe agulitsa agalu ochokera kumayiko aku Europe.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ngakhale kuti Pomeranian ili ndi dzina loyambirira kudera lakale m'chigawo cha Germany chamakono, mdziko lathu nthumwi yaying'ono kwambiri ya Spitz yakhala ikutchedwa Zwerg Spitz.
Maonekedwe ndi kufotokoza
Pomeranian Spitz, monga mtundu wosiyana, udayamba ku Germany, Great Britain ndi America, France ndi Holland, komanso mdziko lathu... Masiku ano, mitundu itatu kapena mitundu yayikulu ya a Pomeranian amadziwika, koma agalu okhawo omwe ali ndi "nkhandwe" nkhope omwe amakwaniritsa miyezo. Mitundu ina iwiri ikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse - awa ndi "baby dollar" kapena baby dоll, komanso "mtundu wa chimbalangondo" kapena teddy bear.
Miyezo yobereka
Miyezo ya mtundu wa lalanje idalandiridwa ndi akatswiri aku American Kennel Club, ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi chiweto ngati chinyama chokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mawonekedwe ake, kupatsa thupi mawonekedwe oyambira. Miyezo ya galu yemwe akuchita nawo ziwonetsero imaperekedwa:
- kukula ndi kulemera;
- dera lamutu;
- thupi;
- miyendo ndi miyendo;
- ubweya;
- maonekedwe a utoto;
- chikhalidwe cha mayendedwe;
- chikhalidwe.
Malinga ndi miyezo yomwe AKC idakhazikitsa, chiwonetsero cha mtundu wa Pomeranian chili ndi:
- Kulemera kuchokera ku 1.4 kg mpaka 3.2 makilogalamu, yogwirizana komanso yaying'ono, koma yolimba;
- wofanana ndi thupi, mutu woboola pakati;
- wochenjera ndi "nkhandwe", wonyezimira, wakuda, wapakatikati, woboola pakati amondi, osakhazikika kwambiri, koma osati maso;
- zazing'ono, zowongoka, zotchingira, koma osati zokulirapo, makutu;
- chigaza chotsekemera pang'ono;
- kusintha kosayembekezereka kuchokera pamphumi kupita kopyapyala, koma kopanda kununkhitsa;
- milomo yakuda kapena yofananira;
- mphuno yakuda kapena yofanana;
- lumo kuluma, kuluma pansi kapena kuluma pansi;
- koma yayifupi, yayitali komanso yokwera, komanso yolumikizana bwino ndikufota, khosi lolunjika, khosi;
- olimba, wokhala ndi nthiti zotsekemera komanso zozungulira, thupi;
- chokwanira kwambiri osati chifuwa chachikulu;
- mchira utakhazikika, pafupi kumbuyo.
- oyika bwino masamba amapewa amtsogolo, omwe ndi chifukwa cha khosi lonyada komanso lokwera kwambiri;
- molunjika ndi kufanana wina ndi mnzake, kutalika kwapakatikati kutsogolo ndi mapiri otsetsereka;
- miyendo yakumbuyo yokhala ndi metatarsus yoyang'ana pansi ndikufanana wina ndi mnzake, komanso ma hocks omwe sanatumizidwe.
Chovala cha lalanje chimakhala ndi chovala chachifupi, chofewa komanso chothina komanso chovala chachitali koma chowinduka komanso chowoneka bwino chomwe chimakhala chovuta kukhudza. Pakhosi pali "kolala" yofananira ndi chovala chachitali, cholimba, chowongoka komanso chotuluka. Chovala chokwanira chimadziwikanso pamchira, ndipo miyendo yakutsogolo ili ndi nthenga bwino. Pa ziwonetsero za galu wobedwa, mu "Open class", agalu onse omwe akuwonetsedwa amagawidwa ndi mitundu:
- ofiira owala;
- lalanje;
- zonona;
- khola;
- mdima wonyezimira;
- bulauni;
- buluu;
- mtundu wina uliwonse wowoneka bwino.
Mitundu yonse ya lalanje yomwe imadziwika ndi mtunduwo imayesedwa mofanana. Mukayesa, amaloledwa kukhala ndi:
- mtundu uliwonse wolimba;
- mtundu uliwonse wolimba wokhala ndi chopepuka kapena mdima wakuda mumtundu womwewo;
- mtundu uliwonse wolimba wokhala ndi utoto wakuda kapena wonyezimira;
- mtundu wa mawanga;
- sable ndi wakuda komanso khungu.
Kuyenda kwa Pomeranian kuyenera kukhala kosalala, kwaulere komanso molimba mtima... Mukayang'ana kuchokera kutsogolo, zigongono siziyenera kupita panja, ndipo kuchokera kumbuyo, sipangakhale kuyandikana kapena kutakata kwakumbuyo kwa miyendo yakumbuyo.
Zofunika! Mukamasankha chiwonetsero cha Pomeranian, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi chinyama, chomwe chiyenera kuwoneka ndi nzeru zosadziwika, anthu osangalala komanso osangalala komanso machitidwe ofanana ndi mtunduwo.
Makhalidwe a Pomeranian
Spitz yaying'ono imakhala yosangalala komanso yosangalala, kumva bwino, komanso kudzipereka kopanda malire. Mitundu yotchuka yotereyi imaphatikizira osati mawonekedwe okongoletsa, komanso amakhalidwe abwino, olimba mtima. Ndikukula kwake kokwanira, Spitz imatha kudziyimira yokha. Chiweto ichi sichimachita manyazi ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala cholimba mtima kwambiri.
Spitz amakonda kuyenda, ndiabwino kuyenda maulendo ataliatali komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Komabe, kulimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira kwa lalanje osati kungosangalatsa, komanso kukhalabe wathanzi. Mitundu yogwira komanso yamphamvu, monga lamulo, siyitha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri kwa eni ake. Onse a Spitz ndi omvera kwambiri, amasiyanitsidwa ndi kudzipereka kwawo komanso kufulumira, komanso kuyesa kukondweretsa mbuye wawo sekondi iliyonse.
Chofunika kwambiri pamtunduwu ndikuti Pomeranian spitz imachita bwino kwambiri pamaphunziro ndi maphunziro, popanda izi nthawi zambiri amakhala ouma khosi ndi ouma khosi. Pomeranian amadziwika ndi chizolowezi cholamulira, kotero galu wotero, posakhala maphunziro, amatha kuyeserera osati ziweto zina zokha, komanso achibale. Komanso, nthawi zina kudzikonda kumatha kutsata mawonekedwe a Spitz, ndipo chiweto chatsopano chikamapezeka mnyumba, Pomeranian amatha kuwonetsa nkhanza kapena kusakhutira.
Utali wamoyo
Kutalika kwa moyo wa chiweto chamiyendo inayi kumadalira mwachindunji chisamaliro choyenera ndikutsatira malamulo okhala kunyumba... Ndi chidwi, a Pomeranian Spitz amatha kukhalabe achangu ndi kukhalapo kwa mizimu yabwino kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Zolemba za Pomeranian
Kukula pang'ono ndi kukula kwa Pomeranian spitz kumathandizira kwambiri kusamalira chiweto chotere m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba. Palibe kusiyana kwapadera kosamalira mitundu ina ya agalu, koma pali mitundu yambiri yazinthu zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Malamulo oyambira kusamalira a Pomeranian Spitz osungidwa kunyumba ndi awa:
- Njira zamadzi sizimachitikanso kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu;
- kuyanika tsitsi la galu kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chowumitsira tsitsi;
- muyenera kudula zikhadazo ndi nsonga zapadera;
- deworm ayenera kuchitika nthawi zonse;
- kuchokera ku ectoparasites nthawi yotentha, makola apadera, opopera, madontho ndi shampoo amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- mayeso zonse za M'mimbamo m'kamwa, makutu ndi maso;
- muzimutsuka ndi chinkhupule kale ankawaviika madzi ofunda ndi owiritsa;
- Muyenera kutsuka mano ndi mankhwala otsukira mano kangapo kangapo pa sabata kuti muteteze matenda amano.
Mata nthawi zambiri amapangidwa m'malo obowola, komanso kumbuyo kwamakutu komanso pakati pa zala. Amaloledwa kumeta tsitsi mozungulira miyendo, mpaka kumalo olumikizirana, komanso kuchotsa tsitsi loyenda m'mphepete mwa makutu ndi anus ya galu.
Orange sizotheka kokha, koma imafunikanso kudula moyenera komanso munthawi yake. Osamalira tsitsi agalu ali okonzeka kupereka mitundu ingapo yamasiku onse ndikuwonetsa makongoletsedwe omwe ali oyenera mtundu wawung'ono wotere. Ngati mumatsatira malamulo onse osamalira ndikuchita zisa nthawi zonse, galu amatulutsa mosazindikira, ndipo ubweya souluka mozungulira nyumbayo ndipo sukhazikika pazinthu zamkati.
Chakudya cha Pomeranian
Orange imatha kudyetsedwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kapena chakudya chapadera. Ubwino wa njira yachiwiri ndi iyi:
- kusunga nthawi ndi kuyesetsa kuphika;
- kapangidwe koyenera;
- osawonjezera chakudya chokhala ndi zowonjezera zina;
- kosavuta kosungira ndi mayendedwe.
Zoyipa zakusankhaku zimayimiriridwa ndi mtengo wokwera komanso kufunika kogula okha mitengo yotsika mtengo kwambiri ya chakudya.... Kuphatikiza kwa chakudya chathunthu kuyenera kuphatikizapo masamba ndi mbewu, mavitamini ndi mafuta, mchere ndi zowonjezera mavitamini. Chotsimikizika kwambiri:
- Zakudya zaku Canada Nоw Nвturвl Holistiс wokhala ndi nyama yachilengedwe, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, osapezekanso ndi chimanga;
- mzere wazakudya za Purina Pro Plan zokonda zosiyanasiyana ndi kapangidwe kake, cholinga chake ndikulimbitsa chitetezo chanyama;
- chakudya chamagulu Rоyаl Canin wokhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yomwe imakupatsani thanzi la chiweto chanu.
Menyu yathunthu ya Pomeranian iyenera kuperekedwa:
- nyama yodulidwa ngati ng'ombe yowonda kapena mwanawankhosa, komanso mitundu yambiri yanyama;
- opanda bonasi ndikudula tating'onoting'ono tansomba zam'mtsinje mumalo owiritsa ndi nsomba zam'nyanja zosaphika;
- mazira owiritsa;
- zopangira mkaka ngati mawonekedwe a kanyumba osakhala acidic kapena kefir;
- mpunga, buckwheat kapena oatmeal;
- masamba okoma osakanikirana ndi mafuta a masamba, yaiwisi kapena yophika;
- amadyera ndi zipatso.
Kwa mano komanso kukula kwa minofu ya nsagwada, tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsa ma rye croutons a Pomeranian ndi mafupa ofunikirako. Ndizoletsedwa kudyetsa galu ndi ufa ndi mitanda, mbatata ndi beets, nyemba, chokoleti ndi maswiti ena, semolina ndi mapira, komanso mchere ndi zokometsera, mafuta ndi zakudya zosuta. Komanso, simungapatse nyama yanu soseji, nkhumba ndi zakudya zonunkhira..
Zofunika! Pofuna kupewa kunenepa kwambiri, simuyenera kumeta mwana wanu wamwamuna ndi wamkulu Pomeranian kunja kwa nthawi yodyetsera ndi "zokhwasula-khwasula" ndikudya chiweto chanu. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kunenepa kwambiri zikapezeka, m'pofunika kuwunikiranso zakudyazo, osasankha mafuta ndi zinthu zosagaya bwino, ndikuchepetsa magawo.
Matenda ndi zofooka za mtundu
Dwarf Spitz ndizotsatira zakugwira ntchito modzipereka komanso kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kwa akatswiri azamajini, chifukwa chake gawo lalikulu la matenda amtundu wobadwira limafanana ndi kukula kwa galu:
- mavuto am'kamwa ndi mano, limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a fungo lakuthwa ndi losasangalatsa;
- kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito am'mimba ndi matumbo;
- Matenda okhudzana ndi minofu ya chiwindi;
- Kutaya mano;
- kutchulidwa kusintha kwa kuluma;
- kufooka kwa mitsempha ndi mafupa a miyendo;
- kugonjetsedwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa mafupa;
- fractures ndi kusamutsidwa mafupa;
- spasms wa cartilaginous gawo la kholingo;
- kunyalanyaza kwambiri;
- anomaly wa lacrimal ritsa;
- kupita patsogolo kubadwa kwa retinal atrophy.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, a Pomeranian adatengera hypoglycemia, kuchepa kapena kuchepa kwambiri, kusakanikirana kwathunthu kwa mafupa am'magazi, kutsika kwa ubongo - hydrocephalus, kubadwa kapena kupeza hypothyroidism, komanso chotupa cha testicular ndi cryptorchidism mwa amuna.
Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi zolepheretsa kuyenerera ndizo:
- wozungulira, ozungulira cranial chipinda;
- chotukuka;
- oblique pasterns;
- breech ng'ombe;
- chovala chofewa, cholimba kapena choyima molakwika;
- kudula tsitsi kwambiri kwanuko;
- chifuwa choyera, mapazi kapena ziwalo agalu okhala ndi mtundu wolimba, kupatula zoyera.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zala zachisanu zakumbuyo zimatha, ndipo nthawi zina zimafunikira kuchotsedwa. Komanso mikwingwirima yakumanja yakumbuyo imachotsedwa.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro
Kuphunzitsa kuyenera kutsogozedwa ndi kuleredwa koyenera kwa chiweto kuyambira masiku oyamba atapezedwa, mwana wagalu atazolowera kuzinthu zatsopano. Monga lamulo, ana agalu amayesetsa kuthana ndi zosowa zawo atangogona kapena atangotha kudya, choncho muyenera kubzala chiweto chanu pateyala yapadera kapena thewera laukhondo.
Kuti a Pomeranian azolowere njira zaukhondo kuyambira ali mwana, muyenera kuzolowera nyama kusamba, kudula tsitsi, kuwona makutu ndi maso, ndikudula.
Maphunziro amachitika pafupipafupi, ndipo nthawi yayitali siyabwino, chifukwa a Spitz amatha kuiwala lamulo lomwe ali nalo kale... Musanaphunzitse lamulo latsopano, maluso omwe aphunzira amabwerezedwa ndikulimbikitsidwa. Muyenera kulipira chiweto chanu nthawi zonse kuti mumvetsetse ndikutsatira lamulolo molondola.
Osati kokha galu wokonda kwambiri galu, komanso kuyamika kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphotho. Malamulo akulu, oyambira, omwe ayenera kudziwa bwino ndi Pomeranian Spitz, ayenera kusamalidwa mwapadera.
Musanayambe makalasi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudzidziwe bwino msinkhu wa mtunduwo, komanso nthawi yabwino yophunzitsira chiweto:
- mu mwezi ndi theka - dzina lotchulidwira, "Place", "Simungathe" ndi "Fu";
- pa miyezi iwiri - "Kwa ine" ndi "Khala";
- pa miyezi itatu - "kugona";
- pa miyezi inayi - "Imani";
- pa miyezi isanu - "Mungathe", "Pafupi" ndi "Patsani";
- m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi - "Dikirani", "Liwu", "Yendani" ndi "Aport".
Monga zikuwonetsera, Pomeranian Spitz nthawi zonse amakhala wokonda kwambiri maphunziro, ndipo amakonda masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chiweto chimaphunzira mosavuta komanso mwachangu osati malamulo ovuta kwambiri, osavuta: "Yendani" ndi "Liwu", "Aport" ndi "Perekani" kapena "Perekani mawoko", komanso "Dikirani". Ndikofunikira kuti musagwiritse ntchito kwambiri a Pomeranian mwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo. Ndizoletsedwa kupereka chiweto mobwerezabwereza kapena chosapiririka chifukwa cha msinkhu, malamulo ndi ntchito.
Ndizosangalatsa! Sizingakhale zomveka kuphunzitsa Pomeranian Spitz, lamulo lodziwika bwino la FAS pakati pa oweta agalu, ndi maluso ena, popeza sizofunikira chifukwa cha kukula kwa galu wamtunduwu.
Gulani Pomeranian
Mutha kugula mwana wagalu wa lalanje kuchokera kwa omwe amaweta pawokha komanso malo ambiri odyetsera omwe amakhazikika pakubereketsa mtunduwu. Monga lamulo, ndiyo njira yachiwiri yogula yomwe imatsimikizira kuti kamwana kamagalu kathanzi kathanzi kamene kamadwala nyongolotsi ndi katemera, komanso kali ndi zikalata zonse zofunikira komanso mtundu.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Ndibwino kukhala ndi mwana wagalu ali ndi zaka chimodzi ndi theka kapena miyezi iwiri, galu akangoyamba kudya chakudya chokhazikika komanso chosiyanasiyana. Posankha chiweto kuchokera kwa woweta payekha kapena nazale, onetsetsani kuti muganizire izi:
- kuyenda ndi zochita za nyama;
- thanzi la nsagwada ndi mano;
- oyera mkati mwa makutu;
- tsitsi loyera komanso lofewa popanda kuzemba;
- khungu popanda kuwonongeka, zoopsa ndi zigamba dazi;
- kusapezeka kwa umbilical ndi inguinal hernia;
- maso oyera ndi owala;
- ozizira mphuno popanda kumaliseche;
- lilime loyera, la pinki ndi m'kamwa;
- wathanzi komanso miyendo.
Woweta moyenera amagulitsa ana agalu ndi pasipoti ya Chowona Zanyama, yomwe imakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha katemera wopangidwa ndikubwera.
Ndizosangalatsa! M'masiku oyambilira atagula, panthawi yofananira, lalanje liyenera kukhala lotetezeka, chifukwa ana agalu amtunduwu amatha kutengeka ndi kuzizira, chakudya chosakhala bwino kapena madzi.
Mtengo wa mtundu wa agalu Pomeranian
Mtengo wapakati wa Miniature kapena Pomeranian m'malo osiyanasiyana amatha kusiyanasiyana:
- Mtengo wa mwana wagalu wa lalanje, womwe ungakhale bwenzi lokoma mtima komanso lachikondi, nthawi zambiri silipitilira ma ruble 20-25,000;
- Mtengo wa mwana wagalu, womwe umayenera kuwonetsedwa mtsogolo pazowonetsa agalu ndi mpikisano, nthawi zambiri umakhala ma ruble 30-45 zikwi;
- Mtengo wa mwana wagalu, womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo pantchito yoswana, umayamba kuchokera ku ruble 45-50,000.
Ana agalu okwera mtengo kwambiri nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso mtundu woyera, komanso amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri okhala ndi mafupa olimba komanso kapangidwe koyenera ka malaya.
Ndemanga za eni
Pomeranian Spitz samatha kuyanjana mnyumba yomweyo ndi aulesi komanso eni nyumba... Mtundu wotere umafunikira zochitika, kulola kuti chiweto chiwononge mphamvu zonse zomwe zapeza. Komabe, zadziwika kuti Spitz nthawi zambiri amakhala anzawo abwino kwa ana achinyamata komanso achikulire omwe amakhala moyo wokangalika.
Posankha Pomeranian ngati chiweto, mitundu yambiri yamitundu imayenera kuganiziridwa. Chosiyana ndi mawonekedwewo ndikuwoneka bwino kwa malaya, zomwe zimapatsa nyamayo mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino. Muyeneranso kukumbukira za kukuwa mopambanitsa ndi liwu lolira kwambiri, lomwe limakhala pafupipafupi makamaka kukhumudwitsa pakalibe maphunziro oyenera.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngakhale paunyamata, Pomeranians amakhala ozindikira kwambiri. Ngati chiweto choterechi chikumva kusowa kopirira kwa mwini wake pakuphunzira, ndiye kuti chitha kuyamba kuuma mtima ndikutha kunyalanyaza kuchitidwa kwa malamulo aliwonse.
Ngakhale amakhala ochepa, a Pomeranians amadzionetsa ngati nyama zazikulu komanso zopanda mantha, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amalimbana ndi agalu omwe ali ndi msinkhu kangapo.
