Chipale cha Chipale ikuyimira banja la mphalapala - ndi nyama yolusa yokongola komanso yokongola. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "mbuye wa mapiri", amakhala okhalamo nthawi zonse.
Zizindikiro za kambuku wachipale chofewa komanso malo okhala
Nyama ndi yosungulumwa mwachilengedwe, sizachabe kuti imakhala m'dera lamapiri: Western Sayan, Himalaya, Pamir, Altai, Greater Caucasus. Ku Russia, mungapeze ochepa peresenti ya nyama zokoma zonsezi.
Chipale cha Chipale – Irbis, adalandira dzinali potanthauzira kuchokera ku katchi wachipululu, wachisanu. Kwenikweni, makamaka nyengo yotentha, nyalugwe amakhala m'miyala yopanda kanthu, ndipo amapezeka m'chigwachi m'nyengo yozizira yokha. Nyama imamva bwino kwambiri (6 km). Iliyonse ili ndi malo akuluakulu, ndipo anthu ena sapondapo.
Kufotokozera kambuku wachipale chofewa maonekedwe ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi kambuku. Pafupifupi, nyamayi imalemera makilogalamu 40 (imatha kufika 75 kg mu ukapolo), ndipo thupi lake limakhala ndi kutalika kwa 1-1.30 m. Kutalika kwa mchira ndikofanana thupi.
Wamphongo nthawi zonse amakhala wamkulu kuposa wamkazi. Chovala chake chimakhala ndi imvi ndipo chimaphimbidwa ndi mawanga akuda, kupatula pamimba, ndi choyera. Mtundu uwu umamuthandiza kuti azidzibisa yekha posaka.
Ubweya wa kambuku ndi wotentha komanso wonenepa kotero kuti umateteza bwino nyama nthawi yozizira, komanso uli pakati pazala zake. Zala zake ndi zofewa komanso zazitali, sizigwera mu chisanu, ndipo izi zimalola kuti nyamayo izisaka bwino. Kulumpha pakusaka kumatha kufikira 6 mita m'litali ndi 3 mita kutalika.
Ubweya wa nyama umaonedwa kuti ndiwofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chake umasakidwa mwachangu, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri anthu. choncho kambuku wa chisanu mu Red Book amatenga kunyada kwa malo. Ndipo choyipitsitsa, kupha nyama yokongola imeneyi kukupitirirabe. Munthu wokhala ndi mfuti ndiye mdani wamkulu wa nyama zolusa.
Koma malo osungira nyama, m'malo mwake, akuyesera m'njira zonse kuwonjezera anthu. Chodabwitsa pamtundu wa mphaka, nyalugwe samangolira, ndipo ngati izi zichitika, kumakhala chete. Koma zimangoyamwa komanso kupukuta, monga zilombo zina zonse.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa kambuku wa chisanu
Chodabwitsa, mawonekedwe a kambuku wa chisanu ndi feline. Monga amphaka ena ambiri, amakhala wosungulumwa mwachilengedwe. Amakonda mapiri ataliatali. Dera lomwe limakhala ndi lalikulu kwambiri (mpaka 160 km²). Madera ake amatha kuwoloka ndi akazi. Yaimuna makamaka imayenda m'njira yomweyo.
Akambuku a chipale chofewa amatha kumanga nyumba zawo (pogona) mchisa cha mbalame zazikulu kapena thanthwe (phanga). Apa ndipomwe amakhala nthawi yayitali, gawo lake lonse lowala.
Mumdima, kambuku wa chisanu amayamba kusaka. Zimachitika kudera lomwe adadziwika, ndipo kufunikira kokhako komwe kumamukakamiza kuti apite koyandikira.
Kusaka kambuku wa chisanu si chakudya chokha, komanso kumakhala kosangalatsa. Amatha kusaka wovulalayo kwa maola ambiri. Akambuku pafupifupi alibe adani, choncho sawopa kusaka usiku.
Ndi mimbulu yolusa komanso yanjala yokha yomwe imatha kumubweretsera mavuto, koma imalephera kugonjetsa kambuku wa chisanu. Kambuku wa chisanu samenya munthu, amasankha kupuma pantchito osazindikirika. Komabe, milandu yokhayokha idalembedwa munthawi ya njala ya nyama.
Ngati tiyerekeza amphaka onse, titha kunena kuti Chipale cha Chipale, nyama ochezeka mokwanira. Amatha kuphunzitsidwa. Irbis amakonda kusewera, kukwera chipale chofewa komanso kutsika phirilo. Ndipo zitatha zisangalalo, kagone m'malo abwino ndikusangalala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Chakudya
Chakudya cha kambuku wa chisanu makamaka chimakhala ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala kumapiri: mbawala zamphongo, nkhosa zamphongo, mbuzi. Koma ngati sizotheka kupeza chakudya chotere, amatha kukhala wokhutira ndi mbalame kapena makoswe.
Nyama yolimba mtima komanso yochenjera imathanso kupirira yak. Pakusaka kamodzi, kambuku wa chisanu amatha kutenga anthu angapo nthawi imodzi. Pamalopo, sawadya, koma amawasamutsira kumalo oyenera (mtengo, thanthwe). Nyama imodzi ndiyokwanira mphaka yakutchire kwamasiku angapo.
M'nyengo yotentha, akambuku a chipale chofewa, kuwonjezera pa nyama, amatha kudya zomera. Kambuku samadya chilichonse chomwe anapeza kuti "mgonero". Amafuna pafupifupi makilogalamu 2-3 kuti akwaniritse. Nthawi ya njala, nyama yolusa imatha kusaka nyama zoweta.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Nyengo ya kuswana kwa nyalugwe wa chisanu imayamba mchaka. Pakadali pano, yamphongo imapanga phokoso lofanana ndi kuyeretsa ndipo, motero, imakopa chachikazi. Pambuyo pa umuna, nyalugwe amasiya wamkazi.
Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa kambuku wa mwana wachisanu
Nthawi yobereka mwana wamkazi imatha miyezi itatu. "Nyalugwe" asanawonekere, mayi woyembekezera amakonza phangalo. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pamalo ovuta kufikako, pakati pa miyala. Pofuna kuti "nyumbayo" ikhale yotentha, mkaziyo amang'amba ubweya wake ndikutsitsa pansi pa dzenjelo.
Nyalugwe wamkazi amatha kubweretsa ana amphaka asanu nthawi imodzi. Kukula kwawo ndikofanana ndi mwana wamphaka wamba, ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 500 g.Ma kittens akhungu, maso amayamba kuwona masiku 5-6. Kale pa tsiku la 10 la moyo, amayamba kukwawa.
Pambuyo masiku 60, anawo amatuluka pang'onopang'ono m'phanga, koma amangosewera pafupi ndi khomo. Chipale cha Chipale, zithunzi yomwe ili pa intaneti, yoseketsa kwambiri ndili mwana.
Mpaka miyezi iwiri, ana amadya mkaka, kenako mayi wachikondi amayamba kuwadyetsa nyama. Pakatha miyezi 5, mbadwo wachinyamata umapita ndi wamkazi kukasaka. Nyamayo imasakidwa ndi banja lonse, koma mayi ndiye amayamba kuwukira.
Mkazi amaphunzitsa ana ake zonse, kuphatikizapo kusaka ndi kuwasamalira iwo eni. Mwamuna samachita nawo izi. Atakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, nyalugwe amakhala kale wodziyimira pawokha ndikupuma pantchito.
Pafupifupi, akambuku a chipale chofewa amakhala zaka pafupifupi 14, koma ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka 20. Akambuku ambirimbiri a chipale chofewa amakhala kumalo osungira nyama ndipo amaswana bwinobwino kumeneko.
