Zinyama za Red Book of Russia
Owerenga adawona kusindikiza koyamba pamashelufu mu 2001. Bukhu Lofiira la Russia ndi mndandanda womwe umaphatikizapo nyama zosowa, zithunzi zawo ndi mafotokozedwe.
Zonsezi, pali zinyama 259, mitundu 39 ya nsomba, mitundu 21 ya zokwawa, mitundu 65 ya zinyama, mitundu 123 ya nsomba, mitundu 8 ya amphibiya omwe amakhala ngakhale kumadera akutali komanso ovuta kwambiri ku Russia.
Tsoka ilo, pazaka zingapo zapitazi, dziko lapansi lataya mitundu yambiri yazinyama zokongola modabwitsa - izi ndi tizilombo, mbalame, nyama zamtchire, komanso okhala m'mapiri.
Bukuli lidapangidwa ndi cholinga choteteza nyama ndi mbalame zomwe zili pachiwopsezo komanso zoopsa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, komanso zomera. Pansipa mupeza zambiri zosangalatsa, mafotokozedwe ndi zithunzi za oimira otchuka komanso osangalatsa a Red Book.
Zinyama za Red Book of Russia
Altai nkhosa zamapiri ndiye mwini nyanga yayikulu kwambiri pamamembala onse amtunduwo.
Amur steppe polecat ali ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri, ndipo kuyambira zaka za m'ma 50, chiopsezo chotha changowonjezeka.
Nyalugwe wa Amur... Ponena za mfumu yaku Far East ya nyama yomwe ikukhala m'nkhalango ya Ussuri, ziyenera kudziwika kuti pakati pa nyama za Red Book of Russia pali mayina ambiri a amphaka. Nyalugwe wa Amur ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri komanso wamtundu wa kambuku womwe wakwanitsa kukhala ndi moyo pakati pa chisanu choyera kwambiri komanso kutentha pang'ono.
M'mikhalidwe yovuta chonchi, kusaka kumakhala kovuta kwa nyalugwe wa Amur, kuyesa kumodzi kokha mwa khumi kumachita bwino. Amatsata nswala ndi nguluwe zakutchire ndipo amatha kuwedza nthawi yobereka. Nyama yapaderayi ya Red Book ndiye kunyada kwenikweni kwa Russia. Tsopano chiwerengero cha anthu chikuwonjezeka, pafupifupi akambuku pafupifupi 450 amakhala m'nkhalango zakutchire ku Far East ndi China.
Ana amabwera mu Epulo-Meyi akhungu komanso ochepa kwambiri. Mayi wachikondi wa tigress amayang'anitsitsa chakudya chawo ndikuwaphunzitsa zosaka. Pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ana akambuku olakwika amathandiza tigress pakusaka ndipo amatha kupeza chakudya chokha. Kusaka nyama zosowa izi ndizoletsedwa ku Russia, ndipo ku China chilango chonyongedwa chikuyembekezera kuphedwa kwa munthu wozenga nyalugwe.
Dolphin wamaso oyera... Mitundu ina yachilendo yachilendo yomwe titha kupeza pamasamba a Red Book of Russia ndi dolphin wamaso oyera. Nthawi zina mumatha kukakumana naye m'madonfinariamu, amakhala ochezeka komanso amakhala ndi chidwi chocheza ndi anthu, koma sangathe kupirira mavuto ali kundende.
Nyama izi zimakhala ku Barents, Baltic Seas, ku Davis Strait, Cape Cod. Amakhala m'magulu a anthu 6 - 8, kutalika kwa thupi kumafika mita zitatu m'litali.
Mitunduyi ili pangozi chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa madzi ndi mankhwala komanso zitsulo zolemera, komanso chifukwa chakusaka m'madzi aku UK ndi mayiko aku Scandinavia. Nyama zam'madzi zadongosolozi ndizodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo siziphunziridwa kwenikweni.
Mpaka pano, asayansi akufunsa kuti ndichifukwa chiyani amataya kwambiri nthaka, bwanji amapulumutsa anthu pambuyo pa ngozi za panyanja. Timangodziwa zambiri za nyama zachilendozi, zomwe zimasiyanitsa osati phokoso lokha, komanso mayina.
Dolphin woyera... Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa dolphin yoyera woyera ya Atlantic ndi malo oyera oyera kapena beige oyambira mbali zonse zakumapeto kwa dorsal kumapeto kwa thupi lonse.
Chimbalangondo chakumtunda... Nyama iyi ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya zimbalangondo. Kukula kwake ndikokulirapo kuposa kwa North American grizzly wamphamvu.
Nsapato yayikulu yamahatchi imayimira banja lalikulu kwambiri la mileme.
Chovala chachikulu... Chifukwa chachikulu chakusowa kwa anthu ndikuchepetsa nkhalango. Chowotcheracho chimatha kupulumutsidwa pokhapokha kuphatikiza zachilengedwe.
Gorbach ali ndi dzina la kusambira - posambira, amakweza msana wake mwamphamvu.
Chizindikiro cha Daurian zocheperapo kuposa zachilendo, popeza singano zake zimaloza chakumbuyo.
Dzeren (Mbuzi) Mbulu za mbuzi zimadziwika ndi kupirira komanso kuyenda.
Pestle wachikasu... Kudyetsa ziweto ndi kuyanika kwa zakumwa, zomwe makamaka chifukwa cha zolakwa za anthu, zimasokoneza kuchuluka kwa ma pie achikaso.
Njati amakono a mammoth. Njati moyenerera amaonedwa ambuye a m'nkhalango chifukwa cha mphamvu zodabwitsa, mphamvu, ukulu wa chilombo.
Mphaka wa nkhalango ku Caucasus waukulu kwambiri pakati pa amphaka amtchire.
Nyama zotchedwa sea otter kapena otter wam'nyanja ndi nyama ya m'madzi.
Kulan ndi ya banja lamahatchi, koma kunja amafanana ndi bulu, pomwe nthawi zina amatchedwa bulu.
Nkhandwe Yofiira... Chilombo ichi sichinatchulidwe kokha mu Red Book la dziko lathu, komanso ku analogue yapadziko lonse. Nyama izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mimbulu wamba chifukwa cha mitundu yawo yachilendo, mchira wonyezimira wakuda ndi makutu ochepa. Zonsezi, pali mitundu 10 ya nkhandwe yofiyira. Awiri a iwo amakhala m'dera la Russia.
Amakhala m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 12. Achinyamata ndi amuna achikulire odziwa zambiri amasaka limodzi. Khalidwe lankhanza mu paketiyo wina ndi mnzake ndilosowa kwambiri. Katemera wa mimbulu sangakhale makoswe ang'onoang'ono okha, komanso agwape akulu, agwape ngakhale nyalugwe. Kulemera kwa nyama nthawi zina kumafika makilogalamu 21, mimbulu yofiira imakhala kumapiri nthawi zambiri.
Ndizosangalatsanso kuti oimira agaluwa samakumba maenje, koma amangomanga malo awo m'miyala. Mimbulu yofiira siyoweta. Zikuwoneka kuti ana ang'onoang'ono a nkhandwe, ooneka mosiyana pang'ono ndi ana agalu, amabadwa mu Januware-February. Mtundu uwu wa nkhandwe umabereka bwino ukapolo.
Tithokoze chifukwa chophweka popanga, nkhandwe yofiyira idakalipobe Padziko Lapansi. Mwachilengedwe, chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwa anthu ndi mpikisano ndi mimbulu wamba imvi, yomwe ndi yamphamvu kwambiri. Osaka nyama mozemba akusaka Wolf Wolf chifukwa cha ubweya wake wamtengo wapatali.
Kambuku... Woimira wamkulu wa banja lachikazi wokhala ndi utoto wamawangamawanga.
Hatchi ya Przewalski... Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, akavalo angapo adamasulidwa kukayesa ku Ukraine komweko kupatula mphamvu yamagetsi ku Chernobyl, komwe adayamba kuswana. Tsopano pali pafupifupi zana la iwo.
Mphaka wa Pallas mphaka wakutchire, yemwe sanaphunzire bwino ndi anthu panthawiyi chifukwa chobisalira.
Walrus - m'modzi mwazoyimira zazikuluzikulu zapa pinniped, zomwe zimazindikirika mosavuta ndi ziboda zake zazikulu.
Narwhal kapena chipembere... Chimodzi mwazinyama zachilendo komanso zosaiwalika za Red Book of Russia zimakhala m'madzi ozizira a Nyanja ya Arctic munyengo yovuta ya Arctic. Ali ndi thupi lochititsa chidwi komanso kulemera kwake. Male - 6 mamita ndi kulemera kwa matani 1.5, mkazi - 4.5 m ndi 900 makilogalamu. Nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimapita kumwera m'nyengo yozizira komanso kumpoto chilimwe.
Amadyetsa nsomba ndi cephalopods. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti m'nyengo yozizira narwhals amasaka komanso kudyetsa kawirikawiri. Ma Narwhal amasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, kapena amakhala okha, ndipo amalumikizana, ngati ma dolphin, pogwiritsa ntchito mawu osiyanasiyana: kuliza mluzu, kulira, kudina, mafunde akupanga.
Nyama zokongolazi zili pafupi kwambiri ndi zoopsa, chifukwa anthu akumpoto amadya nyama yawo, ndipo mano awo ndi ofunika kwambiri pamsika wakuda. Posachedwa, mapulogalamu angapo adapangidwa kuti ateteze nyama zapaderazi, pali chindapusa chachikulu chogwira narwhals.
Wolemba wachi Russia kanyama kakang'ono kokhala ndi mphuno yayitali, mchira wonyezimira komanso kafungo kabwino ka musky, komwe kamadzitcha dzina (kuchokera ku "huhat" wakale waku Russia - kununkha).
Mphalapala nthumwi yokhayokha ya agwape momwe onse amuna ndi akazi ali ndi nyanga.
Mkango wanyanja nthumwi yayikulu kwambiri yamabanja osindikiza.
Chipale cha Chipale, amatchedwa "mkulu wa mapiri", ndiye wokhalamo mpaka kalekale.
Mbalame zolembedwa mu Red Book of Russia
Mbalame ya Avdotka... Simungakumane naye kawirikawiri, chifukwa kumbuyo kwake kwa mbalameyi kumakhala kotuwa mchenga ndi mikwingwirima yakuda, yomwe imamuthandiza kuti azidzibisa yekha pakati paudzu wouma.
Saker Falcon, mphamba yemwe ali m'gulu la nyama zowopsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Bodew ndi mbalame yayikulu yoyenda.
Wopanda... Ngati ogwira ntchito m'malo apadera oteteza zamoyo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutayika apeza mazira a mbalame m'malo owopsa pa moyo wake, ndiye amawatenga ndikuwayika m'matumba. Anapiyewo ataswa, amatulutsidwa kupita kuthengo.
Chimandarini bakha... Aliyense amadziwa kuti Buku Lofiira silimangonena za nyama zoyamwitsa, komanso za mbalame, ndi tizilombo, komanso za amphibiya. Abakha a Chimandarini ndi abakha ang'onoang'ono m'nkhalango. Akazi ali ndi nthenga zochepa, amuna amawoneka ngati mbalame zochokera m'nthano, chifukwa zovala zawo zimakhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino.
Amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ku Far East, chisa m'mbali mwa mitsinje yaying'ono, kumapiri komanso pafupi ndi mayiwe oyera. Amadyetsa achule, acorn komanso ndere zamtsinje.
Amabisala ku China ndi Japan, komwe abakha awiriwa amadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro chokwaniritsa ukwati komanso kumvetsetsa. Koma mwachilengedwe, nyamazi zimayang'ana mitundu yatsopano chaka chilichonse.
M'mwezi wa Epulo, yaikazi imaikira mazira 5 kapena 10 ndipo amawalera paokha. Pambuyo pa milungu isanu ndi umodzi, anapiye amakhala mbalame zodziyimira pawokha komanso zazikulu. Abakhawa ali pachiwopsezo chifukwa chodula mitengo komanso kusaka nyama mosaka nyama.
Mbalame yokhazikika ili ndi miyendo yayitali ya pinki, yomwe imasiyanitsa kwambiri ndi mitundu ina yonse ya mbalame.
Zokwawa za Red Book of Russia
Viper ya Dinnikmonga njoka zina zili ndi mikwingwirima kumbuyo, koma ndizotakata kwambiri.
Njoka yamphaka nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi munthu - m'ming'alu yamanyumba osiyanasiyana, mnyumba zapanyumba, m'minda yamphesa ndi minda. Anthu am'deralo nthawi zambiri amatchula njoka zamphaka ngati "nyumba".
Gyurza – njoka yayikulu kukula, mpaka kutalika kwa mita ziwiri ndi mchira, chakupha, cha banja la Viper.
Ma Annelids
Zheleznyak nyongolotsi ya annelid yokhala ndi thupi lolimba.
Tangonena za gawo laling'ono chabe la zomwe zili mu Red Book of Russia, owerenga chidwi adzafuna kukhala nazo mulaibulale yawo.
