Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a bullfinch
Bullfinch ndi za mbalame zoimba za mtundu wamphongo wamphongo, womwe ndi banja la mbalame zazinyama. Bullfinch amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yodziwika bwino komanso yofala, ndi mbalame yooneka bwino komanso yosangalatsa. Zithunzi zamphongo Nthawi zambiri amakongoletsa makhadi osiyanasiyana a Chaka Chatsopano, makalendala, magazini ndi zina zotero.
Bullfinch mbalame amatanthauza mbalame zazing'ono, ndi yaying'ono kukula kuposa mpheta. Bullfinch imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 30-35, koma nthawi yomweyo thupi lake limakhala lolimba komanso lamphamvu. Kutalika kwa thupi kwa ng'ombe yamphongo wamba kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 18, ndipo mapiko amafikira masentimita 30.
Mtundu wa bullfinches umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe azakugonana pamitundu ya mbalame. Gawo lotchuka kwambiri la mbalame - bere lachikazi lili ndi mtundu wa pinki-imvi, koma amuna amakhala ndi nthenga zofiira pachifuwa. Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha ng'ombe zamphongo, zomwe, ndi nthenga zawo zowala pachifuwa, ndizosavuta kuzindikira pakati pa kuchuluka kwa mbalame.
Pachithunzicho pali ng'ombe yamphongo yamphongo ndi wamkazi
Mitundu yonse yotsalayi ndiyofanana. Mutu wa ng'ombe zamphongo zikuwoneka kuti waphimbidwa ndi chipewa chakuda pamwamba, chomwe chimasandulika malo ang'ono akuda pachibwano.
Msana wa mbalameyi ndi wamtundu wabuluu. Mapiko a ng'ombe zamphongo ndi owala kwambiri, chifukwa amaimira mitundu yayikulu: yakuda ndi yoyera, yomwe imasinthasintha ndi mikwingwirima pamapiko onse.
Chojambula ndi mchira wapamwamba ndi zoyera. Mlomo wa bullfinch ndi wotakata ndi wokulirapo, ndi utoto wakuda. Miyendo ya mbalameyi ndi yolimba komanso yolimba, ya miyendo itatu ndi zikhadabo zing'onozing'ono, koma zowongoka komanso zolimba. Monga mlomo, miyendo ya ng'ombe yamphongo yajambulanso yakuda.
Masaya, khosi, mbali ndi mimba zajambulidwa ndimayendedwe a imvi, zomwe zimadalira subspecies. Mtundu wa nthenga za anapiye ndi ng'ombe zazing'ono zamphongo ndi zosiyana, ndizocheperako komanso zoyandikira mtundu wa mkazi kuposa wamwamuna.
Kuphatikiza pa utoto wake wapadera, mbalameyi ili ndi malo ena apadera - nyimbo ya bullfinch. Liwu lake silingasokonezedwe ndi mawu a mbalame ina, ngakhale kuli kovuta kufotokoza mamvekedwe opangidwa ndi mawu. Kuyerekeza koyenera kwambiri ndikulira kwachitsulo kapena mluzu.
Siziwonekeranso nthawi yomweyo kuti phokosoli limatulutsidwa ndi ng'ombe zamphongo, koma ali ndi mawu apaderadera ndipo amatha kudabwitsa omvera ndi nyimbo yawo yapadera. Nthawi zambiri, trill yotere imamveka munthawi yakuswana. Ndizodabwitsa kuti amuna ndi akazi omwe amachita. Awa ndi omwe ali ndi luso mbalame zamphongo.
Mu chithunzi ng'ombe zamphongo m'nyengo yozizira
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa bullfinch
Ng'ombe zamphongo zimaonedwa ngati mbalame zamtchire zokha. Malo omwe mumawakonda pafupi ndi ng'ombe zamphongo ndi nkhalango zosakanikirana. Ng'ombe yamphongo ndi yofala kwambiri; imakhala m'chigawo chonse cha nkhalango za taiga coniferous ku Europe ndi Asia, zomwe zimayambira ku Atlantic mpaka ku Pacific Ocean.
Komabe, sizachilendo pamene ziweto zamphongo zimawonedwa m'mapaki ndi m'mabwalo wamba amnyumba zogona, m'malo osewerera, ndipo nthawi zina amakhala alendo muzakudya zazing'ono pazenera zanyumba zosanja zingapo. Zimapezeka kuti ng'ombe zamphongo sizinyama zakutchire konse, koma mbalame zam'mizinda. Ayi, sichoncho. Kungoti ng'ombe zamphongo zimawulukira kuti zidye ndikudya.
M'nyengo yozizira ng'ombe zamphongo nthawi zambiri amayenera kupita pandege kumizinda kuti akapeze chakudya chawo. M'chilimwe, kuwona ng'ombe sizimakhala zovuta, koma m'nyengo yozizira, m'masiku ozizira, amasuntha nthenga zawo ndikusandulika mipira yowala yomwe imawuluka kuchokera panthambi kupita kunthambi.
M'nyengo yozizira pachikhalidwe cha chisanu choyera ng'ombe zazitali pama nthambi muwoneke modabwitsa komanso mokongola, ngati mipira yachikondwerero yokongoletsa mitengo.Zima bullfinch ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro cha matalala, chisanu, mitengo yachisanu, chisangalalo chabwino ndi maholide.
Ng'ombe zamphongo zimakonda kwambiri phulusa lamapiri. Nthawi zambiri zimawulukira kumtunda ziweto, ndipo amuna, monga abambo ndi akatswiri amakhalidwe abwino, amawasiya azimayi awo kuti akasankhe zipatso zabwino kwambiri komanso zokoma kwambiri.
Bullfinches pa rowan amathera mphindi zingapo mpaka atakhutitsidwa ndi mbewu mu zipatso, chifukwa sagwiritsa ntchito zamkati mwawo zokha. Kenako gululo lidzagundikanso mapiko ake, ndikugwedeza chipale chofewa pamtengo ndikuwuluka mtsogolo.
Khalidwe lodabwitsali la mbalame limatsatiridwa bwino nthawi yomwe zimayendayenda kumwera - kumtsinje wa Amur, Transbaikalia, Central Asia, Crimea ndi North Africa.
Mbalame zimabwereranso nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti mbalamezi zimasamukira kwina, ng'ombe zam'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zina amasamukira kumalo ena.
Rowan ndimakonda kwambiri ng'ombe yamphongo
Zokhudza bullfinch Titha kunena kuti izi ndi mbalame zodekha, zolimbitsa thupi komanso zosathamanga. Koma nthawi yomweyo, ndi aukhondo komanso anzeru. Pamaso pa anthu, ng'ombe zamphongo samachita mwakhama, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala osamala komanso osamala, izi zimagwedeza akazi.
Koma ngati munthu wasiya chakudya cha mbalame, ndiye kuti adzamuthokoza kwambiri ndipo adzasangalala kudzitsitsimutsa. Ngati a Gulani ng'ombe yamphongo monga chiweto, ndikofunikira kuyiyika pamalo ozizira kuti imveke bwino, popeza mbalameyo silingalole kutentha kwambiri.
Komabe, poyankha mikhalidwe yabwino, ng'ombe yamphongo imatha kukuzolowerani ndikukhala ofatsa, imatha kuphunzira nyimbo zosavuta komanso onomatopoeia.
Mverani mawu a ng'ombe yamphongo
Pakati pawo, pagulu, mbalame pafupifupi sizimasemphana kapena kutasemphana. Bullfinches amakhala mwamtendere komanso mwamtendere mokwanira. Ngati pali wankhanza, makamaka mwa akazi. Nthawi yomweyo, amagogoda ndi milomo yawo ndikusinthasintha mutu. Koma izi ndizochepa mokwanira ndipo ngati pali chifukwa chomveka.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa ng'ombe zamphongo
Nthawi yokwanira ya ng'ombe zamphongo imapangitsa kuti amuna azimva kukoma komanso kumveka kosangalatsa kuposa masiku onse. Amapereka nyimbo zawo kwa akazi awo okondeka, omwe nawonso amayankha ndi mluzu mwakachetechete. Koma awiriawiri mgulu amapangidwa pofika Marichi. M'banja lililonse la mbalame zowala, kulamulira kwathunthu kwachifumu, apa gawo lalikulu limangokhala ndi mayiyo.
Kuti apange zisa zawo, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimasankha nkhalango za spruce, pomwe chisa chake chimakhala patali kwambiri kuchokera pansi, osachepera 1.5-2 mita ndikutali ndi thunthu.
Chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa pakuluka kwa chisa; nthambi zowonda ndi udzu wouma amalukidwa mwaluso ndi milomo ndi zikhasu. Pansi pa chisa chimayalidwa ndi ndere, masamba owuma ndi tsitsi la nyama.
Pofika mwezi wa Meyi, mkazi amayikira mazira 4-6. Mazirawo ndi a buluu ndipo ali ndi kachitidwe kake kakang'ono ka bulauni. Anawo amaswa kwa masiku pafupifupi 15, kenako anapiyewo amabadwa.
Iwo ndi ochepa kukula kwake, koma amakhala ndi njala yayikulu. Pofuna kuchepetsa njala yawo, makolo amagwira ntchito mosalekeza. Nthawi ndi nthawi amabweretsa zipatso, mbewu ndi zakudya zina ku chisa.
Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, anapiyewo amaphunzira kuuluka ndikutuluka pachisa cha makolo. Koma makolo amadyetsabe ana awo. Pamsinkhu wa mwezi umodzi wokha ng'ombe zamphongo zatsopano okonzekera moyo wodziyimira pawokha ndi chakudya.
Pachithunzicho, chisa cha ng'ombe zamphongo
Kumtchire, chiyembekezo cha moyo wa ng'ombe zamphongo chitha kukhala zaka 15, koma nthawi zambiri mbalame sizikhala zaka izi. Amakhala pachiwopsezo chotentha, chifukwa chake, amafa chifukwa chakusowa chakudya m'nyengo yozizira yachisanu.
Kudyetsa Bullfinch
Chakudya chachikulu cha ng'ombe yamphongo ndi chakudya chomera. Gawo lanyama la chakudya chawo ndilochepa, amatha kudya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Kwenikweni, mbalame zimadya mbewu zamitengo yambiri yamitengo yambiri, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mulomo wawo wamphamvu wamtundu wapadera.
Kuphatikiza apo, amadya masamba, mphukira zazing'ono zazomera ndi masamba oyamba. M'nyengo yotentha, amatha kudya maluwa. Osadandaula kudya zipatso, makamaka mbalame yamatcheri ndi phulusa lamapiri. Zithunzi za ng'ombe zamphongo pa nthambi za phulusa lamapiri titha kuwerengera ngati chikhalidwe.
