The muskrat adabweretsedwa kuchokera ku North America mzaka za m'ma 30 za m'ma 1900. Anadziwa msanga ndikukhala nthumwi yodzaza ndi zinyama, ndikudzaza malo akulu.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a muskrat
Muskrat - Ichi ndi mtundu wa mbewa, womwe kukula kwake kumafika masentimita 40-60. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, pafupifupi theka la kutalika kwa thupi ndi mchira. Kulemera kwawo kumayambira 700 mpaka 1800 magalamu. Oimira mitunduyo amadziwika ndi ubweya wambiri, ukhoza kukhala wa mitundu ingapo:
- Brown;
- Mdima wakuda;
- Chakuda (chosowa);
Kuchokera mbali yamimba, ubweyawo ndi wamtambo wabuluu. Mchira mulibe ubweya, koma mbale zokhazokha. Mchira ndi lathyathyathya. Muskrat ubweya ofunika kwambiri. Mtengo wa khungu la muskrat okwera mtengo kwambiri.
The muskrat ndiyabwino kusambira, mawonekedwe a mchira ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa kusambira pamapazi ake akumbuyo pakati pa zala zimathandizira izi. Miyendo yakutsogolo ilibe zotere. Chifukwa cha izi, mbewa imakhala nthawi yayitali m'moyo wam'madzi. Amatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa mphindi 17.
Mbali chidwi ndi kapangidwe ka milomo - incisors kudutsa iwo. Izi zimalola nyama muskrat Idyani zomera pansi pamadzi osatsegula pakamwa panu. The muskrat yakula modabwitsa, mosiyana ndi zolandila monga kuwona ndi kununkhiza. Pakakhala ngozi, amamva kaphokoso koyamba.
Nyama imeneyi ndi yolimba mtima, wina akhoza kunena kuti ndi yoopsa. Muskrat akaona mdani mwa munthu, amatha kumthamangira mosavuta. Zogwira anthu ogwidwawo amakhala amtendere komanso osachita nkhanza.
Cholinga cha kuswana kwa muskrat ndikupeza ubweya. Nyama yawo siyofunika kwenikweni, ngakhale m'maiko ena imadziwika kuti ndi yotchuka. Mwa njira, mafuta a muskrat ali ndi machiritso ambiri.
Malo a Muskrat
Kwa muskrat, posungira ndi malo okhala mwachilengedwe. Amakhala gawo lalikulu la moyo wake. Ngati dziwe lili ndi matope ochuluka komanso zotsalira zazomera zambiri, nyama zimamangira dzenje ndi zisa pamenepo, momwe amakhalamo ndi kuberekana kwa nthawi yayitali. Chofunikira ndikuti malowa alibe mazira.
Makina obowoleza amapezeka pafupifupi masentimita 40-50 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Nyama zimakhala m'mabanja, kuchuluka kwa nzika kumadalira posungira. Pafupifupi mabanja 1 mpaka 6 amakhala pamahekitala 100.
Muskrat amatha kudzipangira nyumba zingapo; kuti azikhalamo nthawi zonse, izi ndizakumba ndi zisa. M'nyengo yozizira, malo okhala ndi ayezi ndi zomera amapezeka. Chigawo chakubowo chimakhala mpaka masentimita 20, kenako chisa chomwecho (mpaka masentimita 40).
Nthawi zonse imakhala youma mkati, yokutidwa ndi zomera. Ma burrows nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi maulendo angapo ndipo amakhala mumizu yamtengo wam'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pakhomo la dzenje lili pamwamba pamadzi, izi zimateteza kwa adani owopsa.
Mabwato amamangidwa m'malo omwe muli nkhalango zowirira komanso zomera zam'madzi. Ali ofanana mofanana ndi mawonekedwe, amakula pamwamba pamadzi (mpaka 1.5 mita).
Ntchito yomanga zinyumba imayamba kugwa, ndipo imakhala nthawi yonse yozizira. Ndi ouma komanso ofunda, ndipo khomo lanyumba ili lili m'madzi. Ngati palibe njira yowonera chilichonse ndi maso ako, muskrat chithunzi ndipo nyumba zawo zimapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Moyo wa muskrat wakukula kunyumba uyenera kufanana ndi moyo wake waulere. Ndiye kuti, m'manyumba, pamafunika maiwe okhala ndi madzi. Popanda iyo, chinyama sichingakhalepo, chimafunikira kutsuka mamina m'maso, kukhalabe oyera komanso ngakhale okwatirana.
Kusowa madzi kumatha kubweretsa imfa ya nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, iyenera kusinthidwa kamodzi masiku atatu, makamaka pafupipafupi. Muskrats ndi nyama zolimbikira komanso zoyenda, motero ndege zawo siziyenera kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri. Muskrats amamanga maenje awo otetezedwa kwambiri, chifukwa mtundu wamtunduwu uli ndi adani ambiri. Pafupifupi aliyense yemwe ali wamkulu kuposa iye.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Muskrat, monga mitundu ina yambiri yamakoswe, imakhala ndi moyo wotsika kwambiri. Ali mu ukapolo akhoza kukhala ndi moyo zaka 10, koma moyo wawo waulere sukhalitsa zaka zitatu. Kutha msinkhu kwawo kumachitika miyezi 7-12.
Mkazi amabala ana ake mwezi umodzi. Amatha kubweretsa ana 6 kapena 8 nthawi imodzi. Amabadwa amaliseche komanso akhungu, ndipo aliyense amalemera osapitirira magalamu 25, nthawi yoyamwitsa imatenga masiku 35. Mbewuyo imatha kuchitika katatu pachaka. Ana amakhala odziyimira patokha miyezi iwiri yakubadwa.
Beaver muskrat imayamba "kusamalira" chachikazi chake ndikuwonekera koyamba kwa kutentha, pomwe phokoso limapangidwa. Wamphongo amatenga mbali yofunika kwambiri polera ana.
Mukugwa, kuchuluka kwa kubadwa kumatsika, ndikosowa kuwona mayi wapakati. Pachifukwa ichi kusaka muskrat imayamba ndendende m'dzinja. Ntchito yoswana mu ukapolo imapezekanso mchaka.
Masiku angapo asanabadwe, chachikazi ndi chachimuna chimayamba kusinkhasinkha ndi chisa, chifukwa chake zimayenera kulumikiza mbewu ndi nthambi mu aviary, komanso padziko lapansi. Pa tsiku la 8 mpaka 9 la moyo wa makanda, wamwamuna amatenga mbali zonse zamaphunziro. Mu ukapolo, ndi bwino kutha mkaka wa m'mawere masiku 3-4 pasadakhale, ndiye kuti mwana wina samachotsedwa. Ana amachotsedwa kwa makolo awo ali ndi zaka 1 mwezi.
Chiwerengero cha muskrat ndichokhazikika. Kuchepetsa kapena kuwonjezeka kwake kwakanthawi sikudalira kulowererapo kwa anthu, makamaka pamalamulo achilengedwe. Kupanga ubweya kumadalira kwambiri mafakitale aubweya.
Chakudya
Muskrat amadyetsa makamaka mbewu, koma samanyalanyaza chakudya cha nyama. Zakudyazo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi izi:
- Chingwe;
- Mpweya;
- Horsetail;
- Bango;
- Mzere;
- Kutsekedwa;
- Ndodo;
Muskrats mu ukapolo akuyesera kupereka chakudya chomwecho, kuwonjezera pang'ono chakudya cha nyama (nsomba ndi zinyalala za nyama). Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe chinyama chimadya, atha kupatsidwa tirigu, tirigu wosakanizidwa, chakudya chamagulu, zitsamba zatsopano, mitundu yonse yazomera.
Komanso kunyumba, makoswe amapatsidwa yisiti ya brewer ndi zipolopolo za mazira. Kuthengo, ma muskrats amatha kudyetsa achule, ma molluscs, ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Zakudya zotere ali nazo makamaka chifukwa chosowa masamba. Iwo samadya nsomba.
Kukonza khungu la muskrat ndi kufunika kwake
Pakatsegulira kusaka, wokangalika kugwira muskrat... Chikopa chake ndi chamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Zikopa za Muskrat choyambirira, amayenera kukonzedwa bwino. Amayanika bwino poyamba. Khungu likauma, limapuma. Kenako amawalamulira, owumitsa ndikuvala.
Zigawo zazikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ubweya waukulu, zazing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zipewa. Chipewa chopangidwa ndi muskrat ndichosangalatsa kuvala. Komanso, mafashoni aliyense samakana kugula malaya amkati a mskrat, amakhala ofunda kwambiri, ofewa komanso okongola. Kukonzekera konse kumachitika mosamala kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waluso.
Gulani muskrat likupezeka m'masitolo apadera. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi ubweya wake zimafunikira kwambiri. Nyama ya Muskrat siyigwiritsidwe ntchito; amawerengedwa kuti ndi okwera kwambiri, ngakhale anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito.Mtengo wa muskrat, ndipo makamaka, pakhungu lake, zimatengera mtundu ndi ubweya waubweya. Mwachilengedwe, mitundu yomwe siichulukidwe imawononga zambiri.
