Banja lamphaka likuyimiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama. Chimodzi mwazosangalatsa komanso zokongola chimaganiziridwa lynx yaku Canada... Ichi ndi nyama yokongola kwambiri komanso yopambana. Nthaka mwachibadwa imakonda kudya nyama. Mitengoyi imakhala ndi mano komanso zikhadabo zakuthwa kwambiri, zomwe zimawapatsa mphamvu yakupha. Chinthu china cha nyama iyi ndi ubweya wautali kwambiri komanso wonyezimira, chifukwa chake mtunduwo udatsala pang'ono kutha.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Canadian lynx
Luluu waku Canada ndi nyama yovuta. Ndi woimira gulu la nyama zoyamwitsa, dongosolo la nyama zanyama, amphaka, mtundu wa lynx, ndi mitundu yaku Canada ya lynx.
Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa ma lynx a ku Canada ndi ochepa, ndipo mwa ma subspecies asanu ndi awiri omwe analipo kale, awiri okha atsala:
- L. c. Subsolanus amakhala ku Newfoundland;
- L. canadensis amachokera kumpoto kwa United States ndi Canada.
Nthawi yeniyeni yowonekera kwa lynx sinakhazikitsidwe. Zotsalira za makolo akale ndi zotchulidwa m'mabuku zimasonyeza kuti amphaka odabwitsawa ankakhala padziko lapansi zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo.
Akatswiri a zinyama amatcha kholo la mphaka wamakono zamakedzana zamakedzana. Amakhala kudera lamakono la East Asia, Caucasus, Mediterranean, ndi madera ena ku Pliocene. Mphuno zamphanga zinali zofanana ndi zamakono, koma kunja kwake zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi iye. Iwo anali ndi thupi lalitali, lokhalitsa, lokhala ndi minofu yochepa. Mchira wa amphaka akale sunali wamfupi kwambiri, ndipo miyendo sinali yayitali kwambiri. Kukula kwathunthu kunali kokulirapo kuposa kwamasiku ano. Pakusintha, miyendoyo idakhala yayitali, gawo lawo lothandizira lidakulirakulira, mchira udachepetsa, ndipo thupi silimatalika.
M'zaka za zana la 18, anthu adayamba kupha nyama zambiri, zochuluka kwambiri. Mu nthawi yochepa, chiwerengero chawo chinachepetsedwa kukhala chochepa. Nyama zatsala pang'ono kutha m'zigawo zina.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Canada lynx mwachilengedwe
Maonekedwe a mphaka waku Canada ndi osangalatsa kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mphaka, amphaka aku Canada ali ndi matupi ochepa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi lanyama kumafota ndi masentimita 60-65, ndipo kutalika ndi masentimita 80 mpaka 120. Kulemera kwa thupi kumakhala pakati pa 7 mpaka 15 kilogalamu. Mwa nyama, mawonekedwe azakugonana amawonetsedwa. Amayi amalemera pafupifupi 5-11 kilograms, pomwe amuna amalemera pakati pa 7 ndi 13 kilogalamu.
Makhalidwe a lynx waku Canada:
- zazitali, zazitali mapesi m'makutu opangidwa ndi ubweya. Kutalika kwa ngayaye ndi pafupifupi masentimita 5-6. Makutuwo ndi amtundu wachinayi, osati aakulu kwambiri, koma amapendekera kutsogolo pang'ono;
- kupezeka kwa kutentha kwa m'mbali pamaso. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala olimba komanso otalikirapo, kuphimba ngakhale khosi;
- ophunzira ozungulira;
- kufupikitsa mphuno;
- ziwalo zamphamvu, zamphamvu ndi minofu yotukuka bwino. Ndi ku lynx waku Canada komwe miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yayitali kuposa yakutsogolo. Miyendo yamphamvu yamphamvu yotere imathandizira kugawa ngakhale kulemera kwa thupi;
- tsitsi lakuda kwambiri komanso lalitali kwambiri, lomwe limateteza thupi la nyama munyengo yozizira ndikupewa kutayika kwa chinyezi nthawi yotentha.
Mchira wa mphaka wa ku Canada, monga wa mitundu ina, ndi waufupi, wodulidwa. Nthawi zonse zimathera ndi nsonga yakuda. Mtundu wa lynx waku Europe umalamulidwa ndi utoto wofiirira. M'chilimwe, nthawi yotentha, utoto umakhala wonyezimira. M'nyengo yozizira, chovalacho chimakhala chakuda.
Msana nthawi zonse umakhala wakuda. Mimba ndi yopepuka polumikizana ndi thupi lonse ndi ziwalo. Anthu ambiri ali ndi mawanga akuda pamatupi awo. Nsagwada za oimira banja lankhalali zili ndi mano 28, zipini zinayi zazitali ndi mano anayi olanda, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe chilombocho chimaphwanya ndikupera chakudya.
Chosangalatsa: Mimbulu imakhala ndi mathero, chifukwa chake nyama zimatha kuzindikira komwe zimaluma nyama yawo.
Kapangidwe ka nsagwada zotere komanso kuchuluka kwa mitsempha kumamupatsa mwayi mwayi wopulumutsidwa.
Kodi lynx waku Canada amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Canada Lynx ku America
Malo okhala mphalapala wa ku Canada ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Mwambiri, ndi pafupifupi mahekitala 7.6-7.9 miliyoni.
Malo okhala nyama:
- Canada;
- Alaska;
- Kumpoto kwa Amerika;
- Colorado;
- Idaho;
- Oregon;
- Kulowera;
- Madera ena a New Braunsquick.
Ku Alaska, nyama zimakhala pafupifupi kulikonse, kupatula kutsetsereka kwa mitsinje ya Yukon, Kuskokwim, ndi madera akumwera a chilumba. Nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu za ku Canada zimapezeka m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala mumtunda, pamtunda. M'madera otseguka, ndizosowa kwambiri.
M'mbuyomu, malo okhala nthumwi za abambo ake anali ochulukirapo. Nyama zambiri zinkakhala ku Arctic, taiga. Ma lynx a ku Canada anali ofala ku Nova Scotia ndi Prince Edward Island. Akatswiri a sayansi ya zinyama amafanizira malo okhala kalulu wabuluu, yemwe ndi chakudya. Ma Lynxes amasankha malo okhala komwe angapite mosadziwika ndikusaka mwamtendere.
Amphaka odyetsa amayesetsa kupewa kukumana ndi anthu, ngakhale amakhala nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu. Amasamala kwambiri. Nthawi zina, pakalibe chakudya chokwanira, ziphuphu zimasaka nkhuku.
Kodi lynx waku Canada amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Canada lynx nthawi yachisanu
Mwachibadwa, nthumwi ya banja lachilendo ndi chilombo. Amadziwika kuti ndi mlenje wodabwitsa, wolimba mtima, wamphamvu, wosinthasintha komanso wosamala. Ma lynx a Canada amadya makamaka ma hares. Munthu m'modzi wachikulire wa mphaka wa ku Canada, pafupifupi, amadya pafupifupi anthu mazana awiri okhala m'nkhalango chaka chilichonse. Tsiku lililonse, wamkulu m'modzi amafunikira kuchokera pa 0,5 mpaka 1.4 kilogalamu ya chakudya. Kudera lomwe nyama zolusa zimakhala, nkhalango zoweta zimaberekana mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo amphaka amayang'anira kuchuluka kwawo m'malo awo achilengedwe. Hare amapanga pafupifupi 80% ya zakudya zamtundu wa ku Canada. Palinso mitundu ina ya zamoyo zomwe ziphuphu zimadyetsa.
Kodi chingakhale chiyani chosaka nyama zamphaka ku Canada:
- mbuzi zamtchire, mbawala zamphongo, nswala;
- nsomba;
- mapuloteni;
- kusokoneza
- mbalame;
- makoswe ang'onoang'ono;
- nkhosa zamphongo;
- beavers.
Nthawi zina, chakudya chikakhala chosakwanira, nyama zolusa zimatha kupita kukakhala anthu ndikusaka nkhuku ndi nyama zina. M'nkhalango, zotsalira za nyama zosakidwa zimatha kudya.
Ma lynx a ku Canada amasaka kuti azidzidyetsa okha komanso kuti apezere ana awo chakudya. Ngati chilombocho sichikhala ndi njala, sichipha. Ma Lynxes ndi nyama zopindulitsa. Ngati adakwanitsa kugwira nyama yayikulu, ndipo pambuyo pakukhuta pali chakudya chotsalira, ziphuphu zimazibisa m'malo obisalapo. Malo osungira nyama amapangidwa ndi kukwirira nyama pansi kapena kukumba mabowo m'chipale chofewa momwe nyama imabisala. Ma cache amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amawonongedwa ndi zilombo zina, motero amphaka amasiyidwa opanda zinthu zawo.
Zolusa zimasaka makamaka mumdima. Ndi nthawi imeneyi pomwe ma hares amakhala otakataka ndipo amatuluka m'mayenje awo. Amphaka amatha kuzindikira kuyandikira kwa nyama yomwe ili patali makilomita angapo chifukwa cha kununkhira komanso kununkhira kosangalatsa. Zolusa zimatsata nyama ndikuzunza kamodzi. Nthawi zambiri, amasaka okha. Pali milandu yamagulu yosaka, pomwe achichepere amawopseza nyama, ndipo mkazi wachikulire yemwe amamubisalira, kumugwira ndikupha.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Canada lynx kuchokera ku Red Book
Oyimira banjali ali omangidwa kumadera omwe amakhala. Amakonda kukhala ndi gawo linalake, lomwe limagawidwa pakati pa anthu payekhapayekha. Izi ndi nyama zokhazokha zomwe sizimakhalapo pagulu. Akuluakulu amayesetsa kupewa wina ndi mnzake, chokhacho ndi nyengo yozizira, ikafika nthawi yobereketsa.
Malo okhala amuna osiyanasiyana samadutsana. Malo azimayi amatha kukhalapo ndi amuna. Pafupifupi, kukula kwa malo a mkazi m'modzi kumachokera pa 5 mpaka 25 ma kilomita. Amuna amafuna malo akulu (mpaka 65-100 ma kilomita). Munthu aliyense amalemba malire a madera awo ndi mkodzo ndikudula pamitengo ndi tchire.
Ma Lynxes amakhala osamala komanso amayang'anira nyama. Sapereka mawu ndipo amayesetsa kuti asadziwonetsere kwa aliyense. Amakonda kukhala moyo wapausiku. Ma Lynxes mwachilengedwe amakhala ndi kumva kwabwino, masomphenya komanso mphamvu yakumva kununkhiza ndi kununkhiza. Pofunafuna chakudya, kapena kutsatira nyama, amphaka amphaka amatha kuyenda makilomita 17-20 kapena kupitilira apo usiku. Masana, nthawi zambiri amapuma pamalo obisalapo. Ziphuphu nthawi zonse zimapita kokasaka zokha. Kupatula ndi azimayi omwe amaphunzitsa ana awo kusaka. Ma lynx a Canada amatha kukokera nyama zawo m'mitengo, kapena kukwirira zochulukirapo mu chisanu kapena pansi.
Nthawi yayitali yamoyo wa nyama mwachilengedwe ndi pafupifupi zaka 10-14. M'mikhalidwe yopangidwa mwaluso, chiyembekezo cha moyo chitha kukwera mpaka zaka 20.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Amphaka a mphaka ku Canada
Kubereka kwa mphaka wa ku Canada sikumveka bwino. Ma Lynxes amakhala okha. Amapezeka kokha ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yoswana. Nyengo yakunyamula imayamba ndikayamba masika, m'mwezi wa Marichi. Sukhalitsa ndipo umatha theka lachiwiri la Epulo. Amayi amatha msinkhu msinkhu kuposa amuna, ali ndi zaka pafupifupi ziwiri. Amuna amayamba kukhazikika pakadutsa chaka. Anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amapezeka mdera lomwe mulibe mbali zokhazokha zoberekera.
Akazi ali okonzeka kukwatira kwa masiku 3-6, osatinso. Atangokwatirana, amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amabwerera kuzinthu zawo. Mimba ya mkazi imakhala masabata 9-9.5. Mkazi mmodzi amatha kubala mwana mmodzi mpaka anayi. Ndi chakudya chochuluka, kuchuluka kwa ana kumatha kuwirikiza. Ngati adadya chaka chanjala, ndiye kuti achikulire samakwatirana ndipo samabereka ana.
Asanabereke, mkazi amasankha malo obisika. Nthawi zambiri amayang'ana mphanga pansi pa mizu ya mitengo, kapena m'nkhalango pansi pa nkhuni. Kulemera kwake kwa lynx kumachokera magalamu 180 mpaka 330. Kittens amabadwa akhungu. Thupi lawo limakutidwa ndi ubweya wandiweyani, womwe umawatenthetsa ndikuwateteza ku mphepo. Pa tsiku la 10-14, maso a ana amatseguka. Mayi amadyetsa ana ake mkaka kwa miyezi itatu ndi theka.
Ana a Lynx, monga nyama zina zilizonse, amakula kutengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Ngati pali chakudya chokwanira, achichepere amapindula mpaka makilogalamu 4.5-5 kumapeto kwa nyengo yawo yoyamba yozizira. Ngati chaka chiri ndi njala, ndiye kuti 50% -70% ya mphaka amamwalira osapulumuka kuzizira.
Koyamba lynxes amapita ndi amayi awo kukagwira nyama pafupifupi zaka zisanu zamasabata. Poyamba, amangowonera. Amakhala otenga nawo gawo pakangopita miyezi 6-7. Kufikira miyezi 10-11, ma lynx onse achichepere amasiyanitsidwa ndi amayi awo ndikuyamba kukhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Aliyense wa iwo akufunafuna malo awoawo pomwe angakhalemo. Pofunafuna malo opanda anthu, nthawi zina amayenda maulendo ataliatali mpaka 700 - 1000 kilomita.
Adani achilengedwe a lynxes aku Canada
Chithunzi: Canadian lynx
Ma lynx a ku Canada ndi nyama zosamala komanso zokoma. Iwo samakonda kupita poyera, pafupifupi samapereka mawu. Nyama zilibe mdani m'malo awo achilengedwe. Akatswiri ofufuzafufuza sanafotokozepo milandu ya ziweto zina zomwe zimapha ma lynxes. Komabe, ana amphaka ali pachiwopsezo ndipo amakhala osavuta kudya nyama zikuluzikulu. Ziweto zazikulu monga zimbalangondo kapena mimbulu zimaopseza achinyamata.
Pakhala pali ziwopsezo zama lynxes aku Canada ndi nyama zina zolusa:
- mimbulu;
- zofunda;
- kadzidzi.
Akuluakulu amaonedwa kuti sangatengeke. Alibe chisamaliro chachilengedwe chokha, kupulasitiki komanso kuthekera kothamanga kwambiri, komanso amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso luso labwino. Amatha kuzindikira adani awo ali patali. Pakakhala kuti msonkhano ndi adani udachitika mosayembekezereka, ziphuphu zimatha kumusiya mosavuta, chifukwa amatha kukwera mitengo.
Mdani wina yemwe angaike pachiwopsezo chachikulu ku lynx waku Canada ndi anthu. Zinali zochita zake zinachititsa chakuti nyama zozizwitsa izi zatsala pang'ono kutha. Lynx adawomberedwa ambiri chifukwa cha ubweya wofunikawo. Anthu sanangowononga nyama ndi ana awo okha, komanso anawononga malo awo achilengedwe.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Lynnical Canadian lynx
Lnxx yaku Canada ili ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Amawongolera kuchuluka kwa ma hares mdera lawo. Chiwerengero cha odyetsa okha akuchepa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi zochitika zaumunthu.
Anthu pamafakitale akuwononga nyama ndi makanda awo. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa akatswiri a zoo, lero nyama padziko lonse lapansi sizidutsa anthu 50,000. Anthu ochuluka kwambiri amawonedwa komwe kumakhala hares ambiri. Pali madera omwe kuchuluka kwa anthu kumakhala kwakukulu - mpaka anthu 35 pa zana mita iliyonse.
Kupha nyama mwangozi si chifukwa chokhacho choti zamoyo ziwonongeke. Anthu akuwononga chilengedwe cha nyama. Amadula nkhalango, potero amachotsa amphaka m'nyumba zawo, kuwapha kuti adzafe. China chomwe chikuthandizira kuchepa kwa ziweto ndikusintha nyengo ndi kutentha.
Anthu amapha amphaka chifukwa cha ubweya wawo wamtengo wapatali. Amadziwika kwambiri pamsika wakuda. Anthu ochepa omwe amakhalabe m'chilengedwe, ndiye kuti mtengo waubweya wokongola kwambiri umakwera. Nyama yanyama imakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri, ndipo imakumbutsa nyama yamwana wang'ombe, koma m'maiko ambiri aku Europe sichizolowezi kudya nyama ya nyama iyi.
Kusunga ma lynxes aku Canada
Chithunzi: Ma lynx a Canada ochokera ku Red Book
Masiku ano, m'madera ena a United States of America, ziphuphu za ku North America zikuopsezedwa kuti zidzatheratu. Pachifukwa ichi, Canadian Lynx adalembedwa mu CITES Zowonjezera II. Zinyama zokoma izi zidaphatikizidwanso pamndandanda wazinyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku America.
Lero kusaka nyama yokongola modabwitsa iyi ndikoletsedwa pamalamulo. Kuphwanya lamuloli kumatha kubweza chindapusa chachikulu komanso mlandu. Kuphatikiza apo, akuluakulu aku America aphatikizanso nyamayo pamndandanda wazotetezedwa mdera la 48. Kuphatikiza pa chiletso chakusaka, othandizira zachilengedwe adakhazikitsa ziletso pamakampani amigodi m'malo okhala nyama.
Masiku ano, malo opangira nazale zapadera amapangidwa ku United States, momwe akatswiri odziwa zanyama amapanga malo abwino kukhalapo komanso kuberekana kwa ziphuphu zaku Canada. Nyamazi zimamva bwino m'mapaki komanso malo odyetserako ziweto. Nyama, ngakhale ndizosamala kwambiri, zimazolowera mwachangu anthu amene amazisamalira. Ma lynx a ku Canada amakhalanso ndi kuberekanso m'mapaki angapo aku America.
Masiku ano anthu amamvetsetsa zolakwa zawo ndipo amayesetsa kuwongolera m'njira zambiri. Mphuno ya ku Canada Ndi nyama yokongola kwambiri komanso yokongola kwambiri yomwe imagwira ntchito yayikulu m'chilengedwe.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 12.04.2020 chaka
Tsiku losintha: 16.02.2020 ku 21:48
