Buluzi tegu Kodi ndi zokwawa zazikulu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa ngati ziweto. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu ya zokwawa zotchedwa tegu. Maonekedwe a tegu wakunyumba ndi tegu wakuda ndi woyera, wotchedwanso giant tegu, omwe amapezeka ku South America. Abuluzi amenewa ndi ziweto zodziwika bwino chifukwa ndi anzeru komanso okopa.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Tegu
Pakhala pali kusintha kosangalatsa kwa tegu, chifukwa chake ndi koyenera kuyang'ana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokwawa izi:
- Tegu wakuda ndi wakuda waku Argentina (Salvator mankhwalae). Tegu uyu adadziwitsidwa koyamba ku United States mu 1989, pomwe a Bert Langerwerf omaliza adabweretsanso mitundu yambiri kuchokera ku Argentina, yomwe adakweza bwino mu ukapolo. Omwe amapezeka koyambirira ku Central ndi South America, anthu ali ndi khungu lokhala ndi mkanda ndi mitundu yakuda ndi yoyera pathupi lawo. Nthawi yawo yamoyo mu ukapolo ikuwoneka kuti ili pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 20. Amakula pafupifupi 1.5 mita m'litali ndipo amatha kulemera mpaka 16 kg. Mitunduyi imaphatikizaponso mtundu wotchedwa chakoan tegu, womwe amakhulupirira kuti umawonetsa utoto woyera pathupi ndi pakamwa ndipo umakula pang'ono pang'ono. Mitunduyi imaphatikizaponso mawonekedwe abuluu, omwe adatchuka m'zaka zaposachedwa;
- Tegu wofiira waku Argentina (Salvator rufescens) ali ndi utoto wofiira kwambiri, koma umakula pamene buluzi akukula. Amunawo ndi ofiira ofiira amdima, pomwe akaziwa amakhala ofananirako, ofiira otuwa. Izi tegu zimafikiranso mpaka 1.5 mita.Amachokera kumadzulo kwa Argentina, komanso ku Paraguay. Tegu wofiira waku Paraguay akuwonetsa mitundu yoyera yosakanikirana ndi reds. Amuna amakhalanso ochuluka kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya tegu, komanso akazi anzawo. Tegu wofiira waku Argentina watchuka chifukwa cha utoto wake wokongola, ndipo ena amatchedwanso "ofiira" chifukwa kufiyira komwe amawonetsa kumakhala kwakukulu;
- yellow tegu (Salvator duseni) ndi wochokera ku Brazil ndipo sanatumizidweko ku United States. Ndi mtundu wokongola wokhala ndi mitundu yolimba ya golide wachikaso ndikuda pakamwa ndi kumutu;
- Tegu yakuda ndi yoyera yaku Colomb (Tupinambis teguixin). Tegu uyu amachokera ku nyengo yotentha kwambiri kuposa yaku Argentina yakuda ndi yoyera. Ngakhale ili ndi utoto wofanana kwambiri wakuda ndi yoyera, ndi yaying'ono, ikukula mpaka 1.2m m'litali, ndipo khungu lake limakhala losalala kuposa la mitundu ya ku Argentina. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iwiri yakuda ndi yoyera ndi mtundu umodzi wa tegu waku Colombian poyerekeza ndi awiri mu tegu yense waku Argentina (masikelo amiyeso ndi mamba pakati pa mphuno ndi diso). Achinyamata ambiri aku Colombiya sangakhale ofatsa ngati aku Argentina, koma izi zimadalira mwini wake.
Chosangalatsa: Kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti tegu wakuda ndi woyera waku Argentina ndi amodzi mwa abuluzi ochepa magazi ofunda ndipo amatha kukhala ndi kutentha mpaka 10 ° C.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe tegu amawonekera
Tegu ndi abuluzi akuluakulu, olimba, anzeru omwe amatha kukula mpaka 1.5 mita m'litali ndikulemera makilogalamu 9. Amayi ambiri amakhala pafupifupi 1 mita kutalika ndi 2 mpaka 4 kg. Amuna ambiri amakhala pafupifupi 1.3 m kutalika ndi 3 mpaka 6 kg. Komabe, nthawi zonse pamakhala zotsutsana ndi lamuloli, kuphatikiza ma tegs omwe ndi ocheperako komanso okulirapo kuposa apakati. Tegu ali ndi mitu yayikulu, yayikulu komanso makosi "onenepa" okhala ndi mafuta. Ngakhale amayenda miyendo inayi akaopsezedwa, amathanso kuthamanga pa miyendo yawo yakumbuyo kuti awoneke owopsa.
Tegus ndizo zokhazokha zokhazokha zokhala ndi mphete zonse za caudal zosinthana ndi mphete zolekanitsidwa mozungulira komanso kagawo kakang'ono ka magalasi opatukana ndi ziboda zachikazi kuchokera m'mimbamo yam'mimba. Alibe masikelo oyandikira mozungulira.
Kanema: Tegu
Chosangalatsa: Masikelo a Tegu ndi ozungulira mozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizimva ngati nyama ili ndi mikanda.
Tega imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi zida zina zonse pophatikizira minofu yosalala, ngalande imodzi yokhotakhota, gawo lokhala ndi masikelo osiyanitsa chikazi ndi zibowo zam'mimba, ndi mchira wama cylindrical wokhala ndi mphete zonse zosinthana ndi mphete zomwe zidagawika m'mbali ndi kumbuyo kwa mchira.
Tegu ali ndi nsidze zisanu, yoyamba nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali kwambiri, ndipo yachiwiri ndi yayikulu kwambiri m'deralo (mwa anthu ena, nsidze zoyambirira ndi zachiwiri zimakhala pafupifupi kutalika). Supraocular yomaliza nthawi zambiri imakumana ndi ma cilia awiri. Mbali yamphongo yamphongo yamphongo nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda mofanana pakaswana. Ma flakes omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi a tuberous, hexagonal komanso aatali. Mikwingwirima yopanda pake imatha kukhala yakuda kwambiri mwa amuna akulu kapena ikhala ndi mikwingwirima yazimayi mwa akazi.
Kodi tegu amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Momwe tegu amawonekera
Kumtchire, tegu amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nkhalango zamvula, savannah, komanso malo okhala chipululu. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya abuluzi, sizikhala zachilendo ngati achikulire, koma zimakonda kukhala pansi. Mofanana ndi zokwawa zambiri zakuthengo, achichepere, opepuka amakhala nthawi yayitali mumitengo, momwe amadzimva kukhala otetezeka kwa adani.
Kumtchire, tegu wa ku Argentina amapezeka ku Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, ndipo tsopano ndi dera la Miami ku Florida, mwina chifukwa cha anthu otulutsa ziweto zawo kuthengo. Tegu wamtchire waku Argentina amakhala mumapiri odyetserako udzu. Tsiku lawo limakhala lodzuka, kuyenda kupita kumalo otenthetsa, kutentha, ndikusaka chakudya. Amabwerera kuti adzatenthedwenso pang'ono ndikuthandizira kugaya chakudya chawo bwino, kenako amathawira kumanda awo, kubowola pansi kuti aziziziritsa ndikugona usiku.
Tegu wabuluu waku Argentina amakhala ndi Brazil, Colombia, La Pampa ndi French Guiana, ndipo asanu ndi mmodzi oyamba mwa iwo adafika ku United States atatumizidwa kuchokera ku Colombia. Woberekayo adazindikira kusiyana kwamitundu ndi khungu lawo ndikuwasankha. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, lero ma albino ochulukirachulukira amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yabuluu.
Tegu posachedwapa asamukira ku zachilengedwe zaku Florida, ndikukhala imodzi mwamitundu yoopsa kwambiri mdziko muno. Koma sangakhale vuto lanthawi yayitali ku Florida. Kafukufuku waposachedwa, wofalitsidwa ku Nature, adawonetsa kugawidwa kwa mitunduyi ndikupeza kuti ma dinosaurs amatha kupititsa patsogolo malire awo. Monga mitundu ina yambiri yowononga, tegu adabwera ku United States ngati ziweto. Pakati pa 2000 ndi 2015, mpaka ma 79,000 tegus amoyo atha kutumizidwa ku United States - ndi mitundu yosadziwika ya akapolo.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe tegu imapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe buluziyu amadya.
Kodi tegu amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Tegu buluzi
Ma tegu amtchire amakonda kudya chilichonse chomwe angakumane nacho: mbalame zodzala pansi ndi mazira awo, zisa za mbewa zazing'ono, njoka zazing'ono ndi abuluzi, achule, achule, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kuti achinyamata adye moyenera kunyumba, ayenera kupatsidwa zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Kwa achichepere, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni zipatso / ndiwo zamasamba kuyenera kukhala 4: 1. Kwa ana azaka zapakati, izi zitha kukhala 3: 1, ndipo kuchuluka kwa tegu wamkulu kumatha kukhala 2: 1.
Osadyetsa tegu ndi anyezi (kapena mbale zopangidwa ndi anyezi), bowa, kapena mapeyala. Izi zitha kuyika chiwopsezo chachikulu ku nyama zina, chifukwa chake chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa. Poganizira kuti tegu azidya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, kunenepa kwambiri kumatha kuchitika. Musamamwe mopitirira muyeso kapena kuwonetsa zakudya zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi inu kapena tag yanu. Zakudya za Tegu zimasinthasintha pang'ono ndi ukalamba, koma zoyambira ndizofanana.
Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuyenera kuyamba pamagulu ang'onoang'ono oluma ndikuwonjezeka pakufunika. Mnyamata wanu amakuuzani mukadzaza. Ngati adya chakudya chake chonse, mupatseni zambiri ndipo kumbukirani kuonjezera kuchuluka komwe mumadyetsa chiweto chanu pafupipafupi. Momwemonso, ngati nthawi zonse amasiya chakudya, chepetsani ndalama zomwe zikugulitsidwa.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Tegu wa ku Argentina
Tegu ndi zolengedwa zokhazokha zomwe zimagwira ntchito masana kapena pakutha kwathunthu. Amathera nthawi yawo akusinthana potuluka padzuwa kuti aziwongolera kutentha kwa thupi lawo ndikufunafuna chakudya. M'miyezi yozizira, amalowa mdziko lofanana ndi kugona tulo. Chiwonongeko chimachitika kutentha kumatsikira pansi pamfundo inayake. Chaka chonse, ndi zolengedwa zokangalika. Tegu amakhala nthawi yawo yambiri pansi ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mumisewu kapena m'malo ena ovuta. Amatha kusambira ndipo amatha kumiza m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Tegu amakhala akugwira ntchito masana. Amakhala m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri ya chaka mumtambo kapena mobisala.
Tegus wakuda ndi woyera waku Argentina nthawi zambiri amakhala wodekha akakhala pamalo okhazikika ndipo amafuna chisamaliro chofunikira. Abuluzi akuluakuluwa amawoneka ngati akufuna chidwi cha anthu ndipo amakula bwino akasungidwa m'malo osamalira. Akaphunzira kukukhulupirira, udzakhala ndi bwenzi lapamtima kwa zaka zikubwerazi. Ngakhale adachokera ku nkhalango zam'madzi ku South America ndi mapiri a savannah, mawonekedwe okopa a tegu - komanso kuti atha kukhala olimba pakunyumba - zimapangitsa kukhala chiweto chokongola kwambiri chomwe chimakondana ndi reptile aficionados.
Zowona kuti zokwawa izi zimatha kukhala zosalala zikagwiridwa pafupipafupi. M'malo mwake, amatha kukhala okonda kwambiri eni ake. Komabe, nyama zosagwirizana kapena zosasamalidwa bwino zimatha kukhala zankhanza. Monga nyama zambiri, tegu amakudziwitsani zikavuta kapena kuda nkhawa. Machenjezo, omwe amatchedwa olosera zamtsogolo, nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kuluma kapena kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu. Nthawi zina, nyamayo imachenjeza kuti imatha kuluma mwa kuponda miyendo yake, kumenya mchira wake, kapena kudzikuza kwambiri.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Pakamwa pa buluzi wa tegu
Nthawi yobereka ya Tegu imayamba nthawi yopuma itangotha. Nyengo yobereka pambuyo pake ndi yotentha, yotentha miyezi yotentha. Kuberekana kumachitika nyama zikamatuluka nthawi yomwe zimabisala m'chaka. Patatha milungu itatu, amuna amayamba kuthamangitsa akazi kuti apeze wokwatirana naye, ndipo patangodutsa masiku khumi pambuyo pake, akazi amayamba kumanga zisa. Amuna amalemba malo ake oberekera ndipo amayamba kuyesa kugonjetsa chachikazi kuti athe kukwatirana. Kukhathamira kumachitika pakadutsa milungu ingapo, ndipo yaikazi imayamba kumanga chisa chake patatha sabata limodzi kuchokera pamene yakumana. Zisa ndizazikulu kwambiri, zimatha kukhala 1 mita mulifupi komanso kutalika kwa 0.6-1 m.
Mkazi amateteza chisa chake ndipo amatha chilichonse chomwe angawone ngati chowopsa. Amadziwika kuti amasanza madzi pachisa ikauma. Mkazi amaikira mazira 10 mpaka 70 mu clutch, koma pafupifupi 30 mazira. Nthawi yosakaniza imadalira kutentha ndipo imatha masiku 40 mpaka 60. Mitundu ya tegu yakuda ndi yoyera ya ku Argentina m'maboma a Miami-Dade ndi Hillsboro. Ambiri mwa anthu aku South Florida akhazikika ku Florida ndipo akufalikira kumadera atsopano. Mzinda wa Miami-Dade uli ndi gulu laling'ono la tegu wagolide. Tegu wofiira wapezeka ku Florida, koma sakudziwika ngati amaswana.
Tegu wakuda ndi woyera waku Argentina ndi buluzi wamagazi ofunda pang'ono. Mosiyana ndi mbalame ndi zinyama, buluzi amangolamulira kutentha kwake pakati pa Seputembala mpaka Disembala. Akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo amakhulupirira kuti luso limeneli linatengedwa ngati khalidwe losinthika lomwe limathandiza buluzi kuthana ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni m'nyengo yoswana.
Adani achilengedwe a tegu
Chithunzi: Momwe tegu amawonekera
Omwe amadyetsa kwambiri tegu ndi awa:
- zofunda;
- njoka;
- zolusa mbalame.
Poukira, tegu wakuda ndi wakuda waku Argentina amatha kutaya mbali ya mchira wake kuti asokoneze adani. Mwa kusintha, mchirawo ndi wolimba kwambiri, wolimba komanso waminyewa, ndipo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chomenyera komanso kuchita zovulaza. Monga chitetezo, amatha kuthamanga kwambiri.
Tegu ndi nyama zakutchire (amakhala nthawi yayitali pamtunda), koma amasambira bwino kwambiri. Tegu ndi ofunikira m'zinthu zachilengedwe za neotropical monga nyama zolusa, zofwanthira ndi mbewu zobalalitsa mbewu. Amasakidwa zikopa ndi nyama ndi zikwizikwi za anthu am'deralo komanso am'deralo ndipo ndiomwe amayambitsa mapuloteni ndi ndalama. Tegu amapanga 1-5% ya zotsalira zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi anthu amderalo. Ngakhale zokolola zakomweko ndizochepa, ziwerengero zamalonda zikuwonetsa kuti abuluzi akututidwa kwambiri. Pakati pa 1977 ndi 2006, panali anthu 34 miliyoni mu malondawo, ndi nsapato za ng'ombe zomwe zimakhala zomaliza.
Zosangalatsa: Pamalo achinsinsi, alenje aku Florida amaloledwa popanda chilolezo chopha abuluzi a Tegu ngati achita mwaulemu. M'madera aboma, boma likuyesera kuchotsa abuluzi kudzera mumisampha.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Tegu buluzi
Abuluzi a Tegu afala ku South America kum'mawa kwa Andes ndipo ndi otchuka pamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi ogulitsa nyama. Mitundu iwiri imapezeka ku Florida (USA) - Salvator mankhwalae (tegue wakuda ndi wakuda waku Argentina) ndi Tupinambis teguixin sensu lato (golide tegu), ndipo wachitatu, Salvator rufescens (red tegu), adalembedwanso kumeneko.
Tizilombo ta Tegu ndimomwe anthu ambiri amakhala akugwiritsa ntchito nkhalango komanso nkhalango, kukwera mitengo, kugwedeza, ndikugwiritsa ntchito malo okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mangrove ndi malo okhala anthu. Chiwerengero chawo chiyenera kukhala chachikulu komanso chokhazikika kuti chikolole chaka chilichonse anthu 1.0-1.9 miliyoni pachaka kwa zaka makumi atatu. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, tegu ndi chuma chofunikira kwambiri cha buluzi. Mitundu yofala iyi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri imagawidwa kuti ndi Yovuta Kwambiri chifukwa chofalitsa, kuchuluka komanso kusowa kwa zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa anthu.
Kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa abuluzi awa ndi anthu kumachitika chifukwa chogulitsa nyama. Monga ziweto, tegus nthawi zambiri amakhala odekha komanso ochezeka. Chifukwa chakuti zimaswana bwino ukapolo, anthu satolera nyamazi mochuluka kuti agulitse ziweto. Anthu awo achilengedwe ndi okhazikika ndipo pano sawopsezedwa kuti atha ndi anthu.
Tegu Ndi nyama yayikulu yayikulu yotentha yaku South America yomwe ili ya banja la theid. Mtundu wa mitundu yambiri yamtundu ndi wakuda. Ena amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yachikaso, yofiira, kapena yoyera kumbuyo, pomwe ena amakhala ndi mizere yotakata yomwe imayenda mthupi lonse ndizizindikiro zosasunthika kumtunda. Tegu amapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nkhalango zam'madzi za Amazon, savanna, komanso nkhalango zaminga zowuma.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 15.01.2020
Tsiku losintha: 09/15/2019 ku 1:17
