Nkhanga yoyera - mbalame yodabwitsa, yomwe imapangidwa m'malo opangira zinthu zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazoyimira zokongola za banja la mbalamezi. Amaweta m'malo achitetezo achinsinsi komanso nyama zamtchire zosiyanasiyana. Mwa njira yawo yamoyo ndi mawonekedwe, amasiyana pang'ono ndi wamba. Kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kumayikidwa pazosanja zakunja.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Pikoko Woyera
Mbalame yoyera ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yovuta kwambiri yamtunduwu. Olima ambiri amati iyi ndi nkhanga wamba ya albino. Koma kwenikweni izi sizili choncho konse. Ichi ndi mtundu wina wa nkhanga, womwe ndi wosakanizidwa, chifukwa udapangidwa mwadala kuti ukwaniritse mthunzi wapaderawu.
Peacock wamba adatengedwa ngati maziko. Mwa njira, iyi si subspecies yatsopano. Nkhanga zoyera zinali zofala kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1700. Powoloka, ntchito yayikulu yomwe obereketsa adakumana nayo inali yokongoletsa ndendende. Kwa amphamvu am'dzikoli, amafuna kuweta mbalame zachilendozi. Ndipo zidatheka.
Kanema: Pikoko Woyera
Pambuyo pake, obereketsawo adayamba kuyesa kudzaza mbalamezi mwachilengedwe, ndipo zimazika mizu kumeneko bwino. Nkhanga zonse ndi za banja la Fazanov. Ndichizolowezi kusiyanitsa wamba ndi wobiriwira - kusiyanasiyana kofala kwambiri. Ngakhale kulinso kwakuda ndi koyera, kofiira.
Mpaka pano, mndandanda wa mitundu ya mbalame zodabwitsa izi ukukula mosalekeza. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa chakuti obereketsa akugwira ntchito mosalekeza pakusintha mitundu, ndikupanga yatsopano kuti ipezeke pagulu. Ndizotheka kuti posachedwa mitundu yowoneka modabwitsa idzawonekera.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe nkhanga yoyera imawonekera
Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana idapangidwa moyenera kuti ipangidwe mawonekedwe apadera. Nkhanga zoyera ndizosiyana. Mbalame zodabwitsazi zimayenera kusamaliridwa mwapadera chifukwa amadziwika kuti ndi maalubino padziko lonse lapansi.
Lero amakongoletsa maiwe a nzika zambiri zolemera. Mwa njira, pobereka haibridi, kutsimikizika kunayikidwa ndendende pakudzichepetsa kwawo pokhudzana ndi moyo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tsopano akumva kukhala omasuka mofanana kumadera ofunda komanso ozizira, ozizira. Mbalame yoyera ingatanthauzidwe ngati loto la atsikana ambiri: "blond ndi maso abuluu." Inde, zili choncho! Mtundu wabwino wa nkhanga ya albino imasiyanitsidwa ndi utoto wabwino kwambiri komanso mtundu wina wamaso.
Mbalameyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chipale chofewa, tuft ndi khadi yochezera - mchira wokongola. Kutalika kwake, mbalameyi imatha kufikira 1.3 m, pomwe 0,5 m ndi mchira. Mapiko a mbalame nthawi zambiri amapitilira 1.5 mita. Koma kulemera kwake nthawi zambiri sikupitilira 5-7 kg. Nthenga iliyonse imakhala ndi mtundu wina wowonjezera. Mukayang'anitsitsa, mutha kuwona mawonekedwe amaso kumapeto kwa chilichonse. M'mapikoko oyera, izi sizitchulidwa kwenikweni.
Pikoko ikabadwa, imakutidwa ndi chikasu pansi. M'chaka choyamba, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kusiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi pakati pa nkhanga zoyera. Pofika zaka ziwiri zokha ndi pomwe amakhala ndi chidziwitso chakunja, kuphatikizapo mtundu womaliza wa nthenga. Mwa njira, ntchito yoperekera nkhanga ikupitilira ndipo nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza zosankha zoyambirira. Mwachitsanzo, pikoko wokhala ndi nthenga zakuda ndi zoyera.
Ngakhale amawoneka okongola chonchi, mawu a nkhanga ndi onyansa. Popeza amamva bwino, amatha kumva fungo loopsa mtunda wa kilomita imodzi, ndiyeno nthawi yomweyo kulira kosasangalatsa kwa mbalamezi kumamveka kudera lonselo.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe nkhanga zoyera zimafalikira mchira wake. Tiyeni tiwone komwe mbalame yodabwitsayi imakhala.
Kodi nkhanga zoyera zimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Pikoko woyera wa mbalame
Poyamba, nkhanga wamba, omwe amapanga maziko a mitunduyo, amakhala ku India. Ndipamene pomwe kufalikira kwa mbalame zodabwitsa zimayambira. Pikoko yoyera yeniyeni, ndi yophatikiza ndipo ndiyomwe imakonda kupezeka. Malo osungira zachilengedwe makamaka zopereka zachinsinsi ndi malo okhalamo nkhanga zoyera. Apa mikhalidwe yapadera imapangidwira iwo, kuwapangitsa kukhala ndi moyo wabwino, komanso kubereka, komwe kuli kofunikira makamaka ku mitundu yosowa imeneyi.
Mwachilengedwe, nkhanga zoyera zikuyesa kudzaza madera omwe nthawi zambiri nthumwi za mitundu ina zimakhala (makamaka zomwe zidakhala kholo la mitundu iyi). Oimira mitunduyo amakonda chinyezi chambiri komanso nyengo yotentha. Pakistan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka ndi malo omwe mungawapeze.
Chosangalatsa: India ndiye malo abwino kwambiri komanso otetezeka a nkhanga. Apa amawerengedwa kuti ndi opatulika motero amatetezedwa mosamala. Mitengo yambiri, yosadutsika ya tchire, mapiri - awa ndi malo omasuka kwambiri pamoyo wa nkhanga.
Ankhandwe amakonda kukhala m'mabanja angapo osakhala ofanana: wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Nthawi yomweyo, palibe ukulu m'banjamo. Nkhanga amakhulupirira kuti kufanana kumawonjezera kwambiri mwayi wawo wopulumuka. Masana, nkhanga zimayesetsa kudzisankhira nkhalango zowirira, koma zimagona pamwamba pamitengo - pamenepo kumakhala kosavuta kubisalira adani.
Kodi nkhanga zoyera zimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Nkhanga yoyera imafalitsa mchira wake
Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mapikoko oyera amafunikira chakudya chabwinobwino. Mtedza, zipatso ndi zipatso zing'onozing'ono zosiyanasiyana ndizo maziko azakudya za mbalamezo. Koma nthawi yomweyo, chakudya cha nyama ndichofunikanso. Tizilombo ndi njoka zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimapezekanso pazakudya zoyera za nkhanga zoyera.
Kuti adye chakudya chamagulu, mbalameyo nthawi zambiri imasankha zomwe zikufunika pakadali pano. Ngati timalankhula zakusunga mbalame m'malo osungira ndi malo osungira nyama, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonsezi zimapezeka munthawi ya peacock. Ngati mbalame zimakhala pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu, ndiye kuti zinthu zam'munda amathanso kukhala chakudya chomwe amakonda. Nkhaka, tomato ngakhalenso nthochi amakonda kwambiri iwo.
Komanso nkhanga zikasungidwa m'mapaki opangira, zimapatsidwa chimanga. Masamba owiritsa pang'ono, zipatso ndi kuwonjezera kwa amadyera zimasakanizidwa mu chimanga. Mbatata zimakonda kwambiri mbalamezi. M'mawa, ndi bwino kudyetsa mbalame ndi tirigu wophuka. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodyetsa mbalame ziwirizi kawiri patsiku, koma nthawi yoswana, ndizotheka kusinthira katatu.
Mwachilengedwe, nkhanga zidadziwika ku India kwanthawi yayitali chifukwa chodya minda ya anthu okhala pafupi. Koma iwo, powalingalira ngati mbalame zodabwitsa, sanachedwe kulimbana ndi izi, kuwalola mwachikondi kudyetsa minda yawo. Mwachilengedwe, peacock yoyera amakonda kudya tchire la mabulosi. Sazondanso kudya ngakhale makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Chofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wawo wabwinobwino ndi madzi oyera pafupi ndi malo awo okhala.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Pikoko wokongola woyera
Nkuku zoyera, monga oimira mitunduyo, zimakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zosangalatsa. Tiyenera kukumbukira nthawi yomweyo kuti mu chikhalidwe ndi moyo, mitundu yonse ya nkhanga ndizofanana.
Makhalidwe ake ndi awa:
- moyo wamagulu ang'onoang'ono;
- mbalame imadzuka masana ndipo imagona usiku, monga oimira nyama zambiri. Usiku, nkhanga zimakhala pamipando yachifumu yamitengo ikuluikulu yamitengo;
- Oimira mtunduwo amawuluka bwino kwambiri, komabe samadzipereka kuti akwere ndege zazitali kwambiri.
Mchira ndiwodziwika bwino mwa mbalamezi. Imagwira amuna kukopa zazikazi nthawi yakumasirana. Ndicho chifukwa chake, malingana ndi momwe mchira ndi machitidwe ake, munthu angachitire umboni kuti nyengo yokwanira yayamba pakati pa nkhanga.
Nthawi yonseyi, nkhanga zimayenda ndi mchira wawo kwathunthu pansi. Ngakhale ndi yayitali kwambiri, siyotchinga kwenikweni. Pikoko nthawi zonse amapinda mchira wake wautali ndipo sikusokoneza kayendedwe kake monga momwe amachitira.
Nthawi zambiri mbalame sizimakopa chidwi chawo, zimakonda kukhala modekha. Amayamba kufuula ndikudandaula usiku wamawa wangozi komanso wobisika. Amakhala chonchi mvula isanagwe, motero nthawi zambiri anthu ankakonda kulabadira mbalame zozizwitsa ngati akatswiri azanyengo.
Ali mu ukapolo, nkhanga zimatha kuchita modzitukumula kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina zimakanda anzawo oyandikana nawo ngati sawakonda. Izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Chowonjezera cha nkhanga ndi kuthekera kwawo kusintha msanga komanso mosavuta. M'mikhalidwe yatsopano yam'moyo, amasamala kwambiri ndipo amamva kukhala kunyumba.
Chosangalatsa: Pikoko amachokera kumadera omwe nthawi zonse kumatentha kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, amatha kusintha bwino madera okhala ndi kutentha kotsika kwambiri.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Pikoko woyera woyera wamwamuna ndi wamkazi
M'mabanja a nkhanga zoyera, chiwerengero chachikazi nthawi zambiri chimaposa champhongo. Nthawi yomweyo, kulibe chikhalidwe komanso magulu olowerera. Amakhulupirira kuti mwamtheradi aliyense ndi wolingana. Ndi chifukwa cha ichi kuti amatha kuchitira zinthu limodzi nthawi zonse ndikuwonjezera mwayi wawo wokhala mosatekeseka m'nkhalango.
Mbalame iliyonse imatha kubala pafupifupi zaka 2-3. Kuti ikope zazikazi, yamphongo imangoyala mchira wake ndikulira. Pafupifupi, wamisala wamitala amatha kukhala ndi akazi asanu. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti ali wokonzeka kugawana nawo wina. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndewu zenizeni zazimayi zimamangidwa pakati pa nkhanga.
Nthawi yobereketsa imayamba cha Epulo ndipo imatha mpaka Seputembara. Munthawi imeneyi, mkazi amatha kukhala momasuka mpaka katatu. Mkazi amaikira mazira khumi nthawi imodzi. Mazira amatha kugona pansi. Zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kuti anapiye akhanda abadwe nawo. Pansi pakhalidwe labwino, nkhanga imodzi imatha kukhala zaka 20-25.
Mu nkhanga, chibadwa cha makolo ndi chofooka kwambiri. Mkazi amatha kusiya mazira ake ndikupita bizinesi. Amuna nawonso alibe malingaliro am'badwo woyembekezeredwa. Koma izi zimagwira ntchito pongokhala zachilengedwe zokha. M'malo ojambulira, nkhanga sizimangosamalira ana awo, koma nthawi zambiri zimatha kusamalira machende a anthu ena, ngati pali zifukwa zake.
Adani achilengedwe a nkhanga zoyera
Chithunzi: Momwe nkhanga yoyera imawonekera
Nthawi zonse, mwachilengedwe, nkhanga zimasakidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zimagwiranso kwa adani a anthu komanso molunjika kuchipululu. Mwa nyama, akambuku ndi akambuku ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa nkhanga za mitundu yonse. Amadziwika ndi ukadaulo womwe sunachitikepo ndipo chifukwa chake amatha kugwira mbalame yomwe ilibe nthawi yoti inyamuke pomwe nyamayo imazembera kwa iyo osadziwika.
Nyama iliyonse yamphongo sidyera kudya nyama za mbalamezi. Mwa njira, ndi adani awa omwe amayambitsa mavuto apadera kwa anthu onse. Cholinga chake ndikuti amasaka makamaka nkhanga zazing'ono (zakale zimakhala ndi nyama yolimba) - chifukwa chake, anthu sangakhale ndi kusiya ana. Zomwezi zimachitikanso zisa zokhala ndi mazira.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Pakati pa adani achilengedwe, anthu amatchedwa amodzi mwazikulu, popeza nthumwi za anthuwa zimasakidwa mwachangu potengera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale - nkhanga zimakhala ndi nyama yokoma kwambiri. Koma tikungonena za mbalame zazing'ono, zakale sizikwanira.
Munthu amakhudza moyo wa mbalame mwanjira zina. Tikulankhula za kuipitsa matupi amadzi omwe amamwa, kuwononga nyumba zawo zamitengo. M'mikhalidwe yokumba, zonse sizomvetsa chisoni, komabe, nkhanga zambiri zimafa chifukwa chonyalanyazidwa.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Pikoko Woyera
Ndizovuta kwambiri kuwunika momwe kuchuluka kwa nkhanga zoyera zilili. Izi ndichifukwa choti amakhala makamaka m'magulu azinsinsi. Chifukwa chake, kuli kovuta kuwerengera kuchuluka kwawo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwunika mbalame zingati mumsonkhanowu.
Tikhoza kunena chinthu chimodzi: kuchuluka kwa mbalamezi ndizochepa. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma hybridi nthawi zambiri amabereka zovuta kwambiri. Komanso, kutalika kwa moyo wawo sikulingana ndi kuja kwa mbalame wamba zomwe zimakhala mwachilengedwe. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kutumizidwa kwa anthu omwe amafunikira chitetezo chapadera sikutheka, chifukwa izi zimagwira ntchito makamaka ku mitundu ya mbalame ndi nyama zomwe zimakonda kuzolowera.
Muyenera kukhala okonzeka kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu kukucheperachepera ndipo, ngati njira zina sizingachitike kuti mbalamezi ziswane, ndiye kuti pang'onopang'ono zimatha kupezeka padziko lapansi. Tikasanthula kuchuluka kwa nkhanga zonse, ndiye kuti zikuchepa mwachangu. M'mayiko ambiri, mbalamezi zimatetezedwa mwapadera ndi boma, ndipo kwa ena, nkhanga zimadziwika kuti ndi mbalame zopatulika.
Koma izi zimagwira makamaka kwa oimira oyera a anthu. Pali ochepa komanso ocheperako. Cholinga chake ndikuti pang'onopang'ono zimasinthidwa ndi ma hybridi. Mbalame zimadutsa pakati pawo m'malo opangira kuti zitenge mithunzi yatsopano komanso yapadera. Potengera izi, kuchuluka kwa omwe akuyimira mitundu yoyambirira yazachilengedwe kukucheperachepera. Ndicho chifukwa chake, panthawiyi, malo osungira amapezeka, momwe ntchito yayikulu ndikusungira oimira mitundu yoyambirira.
Nkhanga yoyera - Iyi ndi mbalame yodabwitsa kwambiri, yomwe ili m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi makolo awo - oimira mitunduyo. Nyama zodabwitsa izi zimakonda anthu ambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pali mitundu yambiri yazinthu zosiyanasiyana, ndichifukwa chake kuzisunga m'malo opangira sizovuta. Koma m'mapikoko oyera oyera samapulumuka, monga enanso ambiri.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 12/18/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 09/10/2019 pa 12:15
