Chilombo chokhala ndi dzina lowopsa nkhandwe, ndi wosakanizidwa wa nkhandwe ndi galu. Kumtchire, ndizosowa kwambiri - pokhapokha kukwera kwa nkhandwe ndi galu wosochera zachitika, zomwe ndizosowa kwambiri. Wolfwolf wamtchire ndi nyama yowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa imaphatikiza mphamvu ndi nkhanza za nkhandwe, koma nthawi yomweyo siziwopa anthu. Mwamwayi, nkhandwe imakonda kubadwa ikakhala kuti ikukonzekera kugwirana galu (mitundu ingapo imagwiritsidwa ntchito) ndi nkhandwe imvi.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Volkosob
Poyamba, agalu amkhandwe adasungidwa ndi omwe amagwira ntchito m'modzi mwa magulu ankhondo powoloka mimbulu imvi ndi abusa aku Germany (zinyalala zoyambilira zidapezeka chifukwa chakudutsa mmbulu wokhotakhota Naida wokhala ndi "dzina lachijeremani" lotchedwa Schnapps).
Izi zisanachitike, kuyesa kuswana kwa nyama izi kunkachitika mobwerezabwereza, koma zomwe akatswiri asayansi aku Perm amadziwika kuti ndizopambana kwambiri. Akatswiri azamatsenga adagwirizana kunena kuti agalu otchedwa "Perm" a nkhandwe anali ndi chibadwa chanzeru kwambiri, luntha komanso kupirira kuposa agalu ena onse a nkhandwe (osanenapo mimbulu kapena agalu).
Kanema: Volkosob
Kuphatikiza apo, izi zidatsimikizika mobwerezabwereza pakuchita - kuti tipeze munthu pamalo osatsekedwa, galu wa mmbulu wa Permian anali wokwanira masekondi 20. Yerekezerani - mbiri m'mbuyomu idakhazikitsidwa ndi M'busa waku Germany, ndipo zidamutengera mphindi 4 kuti athetse vuto lomweli.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, magulu akumalire a Russian Federation adayesetsa kupeza phindu kuchokera pakuswana kwa agalu a nkhandwe - mtundu watsopano wa nyama udafunsidwa kuti uziteteza kumalire a Russia ndi Mongolia ndi China. Ntchitoyi inali yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa dipatimenti ya malire a FSB inali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa. Koma patatha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ntchitoyi idatsekedwa (zifukwa zolephera zake zidasankhidwa).
Mu 2019, a Finns adayesa kukhazikitsa ntchito yapadera yoweta agalu a nkhandwe, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe agalu aku Perm agwira. Komabe, boma la Finland lidatsutsa mwamphamvu izi, ndikupereka lamulo loletsa kuitanitsa, kuswana ndi kugulitsa agalu a nkhandwe. Nduna ya zaulimi idalimbikitsa chisankhochi polimbana kuti ateteze nkhandwe imvi, koma zinali zifukwa ziti zosankhira izi - palibe amene akudziwa (mwina, kupatula gulu lochepa kwambiri la anthu).
Koma ku Russia, kuswana kwa mimbulu kunayimitsidwa kokha m'boma - nyumba zoweta zazinsinsi zinayamba kuyeseza agalu okhathamira ndi mimbulu yoweta. Kuphatikiza apo, pazifukwa izi, siabusa aku Germany okha omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mitundu ina ya agalu. Komanso, hybrids ndi magazi a nkhandwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi agalu a nkhandwe osati 50%, koma otsika. Ndiye kuti, mestizo wobadwa chifukwa chokwatira galu ndi nkhandwe amamuwonanso ngati nkhandwe (ndikutchula dzina loyambirira F3).
Kugula galu wa nkhandwe ku Russian Federation sikovuta, chifukwa mwalamulo nyama izi sizimawoneka ngati zowopsa, zomwe zimafunikira mndende. Momwemo, mutha kugula chilombo chotere (osaphwanya lamulo) ngakhale mukukhala mnyumba. Ndipo ziziwononga mtengo wotsika mtengo - mwana wagalu wokongola wa F2 adzagula ma ruble 10-15,000, ndipo kwa galu wowopsa kwambiri (F1) muyenera kulipira ma ruble 17-18,000 kwa woweta.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe galu wa nkhandwe amawonekera
Ngakhale malingaliro olimba a kuphatikiza kulimba mtima, kukwiya, kupirira komanso kufuna, agalu ammbulu (monga nyama zina zilizonse) ndiosiyana kwambiri mikhalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lofunika pankhaniyi limasankhidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi a nkhandwe - ana a F2-F3 adzakhala ngati malamute abwino, mankhusu komanso mankhusu. Mbali inayi, m'ngalande imodzi nthawi zambiri mumakhala ana agalu osinthika, ochezeka komanso amanyazi omwe amawonetsa kusagwirizana kuyambira obadwa.
Nthawi zonsezi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi cholowa cha makolo komanso, maphunziro, maphunziro. Pachifukwa ichi ndi anthu okhawo omwe ali ndi chidziwitso pakuphunzitsa agalu akuluakulu komanso ankhanza omwe akulimbikitsidwa kuti apeze mbulu. Ndi njira yoyenera yophunzitsira kuchokera kwa galu wowopsa wa nkhandwe, mutha kupeza bwenzi lodalirika komanso mtetezi wodzipereka.
Kuphatikiza apo, agalu ammbulu, omwe adaleredwa kuyambira ali mwana limodzi ndi agalu ena, ndiye kuti mumakhala nawo bwino. Koma nthawi zambiri, amakhazikitsa ulamuliro wawo mu "paketi." Ngati nkhandwe ilibe chiwonetsero cha neophobia - kuopa chilichonse chatsopano, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zophweka ndi iye panthawi yamaphunziro ndi mayanjano. Agalu a nkhandwe oterewa amakhala achidwi modabwitsa, achangu komanso achikondi.
Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe haibridi wa nkhandwe ndi galu amawoneka. Tiyeni tiwone komwe agalu ammbulu amakhala.
Kodi galu wa nkhandwe amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Galu wa Wolfdog
Ngati tikulankhula za mestizo ya galu ndi nkhandwe, wobadwira kuthengo, ndiye kuti, malo ake adzakhala lamba wa m'nkhalango pafupi ndi malire amzindawu. Kapena malo ena ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi banal - m'nkhalango yakuya mulibe malo oti mutengeko paketi ya agalu osochera, ndipo ngati galu wosaka atayika, sizokayikitsa kuti adzakhala wokonzeka kukwatirana ndi nkhandwe. Agalu oweta samangokhala m'mikhalidwe yotere - osanenapo za kubereka ana otheka kuchokera ku nyama ya mtundu wina.
Wolfdog wakunyumba amakonda kukhala pamalopo, kuthamanga mozungulira ndikuwopseza obisala ndi kulira kwawo (mosiyana ndi mimbulu, agalu amkhanda amakoka bwino, koma kulira kwa nkhandwe kumakhala koopsa kwambiri, muyenera kuvomereza). Galu-nkhandwe amathanso kukhala mu aviary - koma usiku yekha ayenera kumasulidwa (kuyenda mozungulira tsambalo).
Ma hybridi a F2 amatha kuyenda bwino m'nyumba yanyumba - oyandikana nawo okha ndi agalu awo amasokonezeka pakuwona nyama yotere. Ngakhale atakhala kuti sakuwonetsa chiwawa chilichonse kwa iwo, agalu mwachidziwitso amamva magazi a nkhandwe, ndipo mosazindikira amawopa agalu a nkhandwe.
Koma mbulu wa nkhandwe sangapange galu unyolo mulimonse momwe zingakhalire - amakonda kwambiri ufulu. Nyama silingavomereze malingaliro oterewa kwa iwo eni. Uwu si mtundu. Mfundo yosemphanayi ndi yoona - mukamayenda ndi mbulu ya nkhandwe, muyenera kuyisunga nthawi zonse (ngakhale nyama itachita zonse zomwe mumafuna). Ndichoncho chifukwa chiyani? Vuto ndiloti nyama, ikamva kukongola kwa kuthengo, imatha kuthawa ndikubwerera ikangoyenda.
Kodi galu wammbulu amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Wolfdog wosakanizidwa wa nkhandwe ndi galu
Ponena za chakudya, chakudyacho chiyenera kuphatikiza chilichonse chomwe galu wamkulu aliyense amapeza. Kupatula kwake ndi nyama yaiwisi (yomwe ndi nyama, osati mafupa kapena zodulira). Agalu samapatsidwa chakudya chokoma chotere - poganizira zokhumba za ziweto zamiyendo inayi komanso chuma chamakono, sikuti aliyense angathe kugula zoterezi, motero nyama, minyewa, chiwindi kapena mapapo zimaphatikizidwa ku chakudya cha agalu.
Mimbulu imafuna nyama, ndipo yaiwisi yokha. Inde, pofuna kukhuta, mutha kupatsa phala la balere wanu woweta ngale ndi kuwonjezera mafuta a nsomba ndi zidutswa za chiwindi - adzakhala wokondwa kwambiri kulandira "mbale" yotere, koma zokhwasula-khwasula ziyenera kukhala ndi nyama zosaphika. Osati nkhuku - nyama yokhayo, yodzaza ndi magazi atsopano (njira yabwino ndi mwanawankhosa, komabe mphaka-mphaka amakumbukira kununkhira kwamagazi a mwanawankhosa yemwe wamenyedwa kumene).
Zosankha zonse sizosiyana ndi menyu agalu. Zopangidwa ndi phala (ngale ya ngale, buckwheat, balere ndizoyenera), mkaka (kanyumba kanyumba ayenera kuperekedwa - ana agalu amafunikira), komanso ma vitamini ndi mchere. Payokha (mpaka chaka) muyenera kupereka calcium yamatabuleti - kuti mano akule.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Mosiyana ndi malingaliro, chakudya chokoma kwambiri cha agalu a nkhandwe si nyama yatsopano yokhala ndi magazi, koma maswiti ogulitsira! Nyama zimangotaya mitu kuchokera ku marshmallows, makeke, maswiti ndi ma pie. Koma zakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri kuwapatsa zakudya zoterezi - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumawononga mano.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Galu wamtundu wa Wolfdog
Olima a Wolfdog amatsimikizira makasitomala awo kuti galu / nkhandwe wosakanizidwa ndi munthu weniweni, osati chiweto chophweka! Nyamayi nthawi zambiri imakhala yanzeru komanso yanzeru kuposa mitundu yonse ya agalu yomwe ilipo. Wolfdog ndi telepath weniweni, amamverera bwino munthu aliyense ngakhale patali, ndipo amadziwa mawonekedwe a mwini wake (momwe mawuwo alili) pamtima. Galu wolanditsidwa moyenera amawonetsa chikondi chenicheni kwa eni ake.
Chilombocho ndi chachikondi kwambiri, chamtendere komanso choleza mtima - kumvera mosatsutsika kwa mtsogoleri (pankhani ya munthu, udindowu ungaperekedwe kwa eni ake, osafanana), ulemu wake waukulu ndi kupembedzedwa kwake zimaperekedwa kwa chilombocho kuchokera ku mimbulu. Koma pankhani ya alendo ndi agalu, ndizovuta kutchula chilichonse mwachidule. Chilichonse chimatsimikizika pamlingo wazidziwitso - wina amachitira aliyense mwachizolowezi, pomwe galu wina wa nkhandwe amalumikizana ndi eni ake ndipo amasamala za alendo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Wolfdogs (ndi onse, amuna ndi akazi) amathandizira akazi kuposa amuna. Palibe amene adapeza tanthauzo la izi.
Galu wamphaka wowopsa, atalowa malo achilendo, amayamba kuopa chilichonse, samvera komanso samatsatira malamulo omwe adapatsidwa. Koma ngakhale chilombo chotere chitha kuphunzitsidwa malamulo osavuta ndi malamulo amoyo wanyumba. Mukungofunika kuti azikukhulupirirani ndipo osawonetsa kufooka. Kwa nyama izi palibe lingaliro la "kufanana". Amazindikira dongosolo lokhazikika la "oyang'anira" osati china chilichonse.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonetsa pang'ono kwa mantha kudzazindikiridwa nthawi yomweyo ndi galu-nkhandwe - ngakhale ngati mwiniwake sadziwonetsa mwa njira iliyonse. Amamva kutengeka kwa anthu ndikumvetsetsa bwino popanda mawu, mamvekedwe ndi manja. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe maphunziro. Ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa nkhandwe mu malamulo osavuta kuyambira miyezi 1.5-2. Kuphatikiza zotsatirazi, maluso omwe akuchitidwa amalimbikitsidwa kuti azibwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza ndi "kupukutidwa".
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Wolfdogs
Ponena za kubereka - makamaka, mimbulu, monga agalu, imatha kubala mu ukapolo (chifukwa chokwanira kupangira gulu lililonse palokha). Koma kuswana mestizos mu ukapolo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Ndichoncho chifukwa chiyani? Vutoli lagona poti mimbulu imangokhala ndi mkazi mmodzi (wokwatiwa m'modzi, kusankha mkazi m'modzi yekha ndikusunga "kukhulupirika" m'moyo wawo wonse), chifukwa chake, atakumana ndi zovuta, amatha kukana kapena kupha galu.
Chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala banal "zosagwirizana ndi lingaliro la kukongola." Kapenanso kusowa kwa chibwenzi musanakwatirane. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi nkhandwe yokha yomwe imasankha kamwana koyenera kukhalira (kapena galu wa nkhandwe, ngati tikulankhula za kuswana ana a F2). Chomwe sichimasangalatsa kwambiri, amuna nthawi zambiri amasankha zolakwika zomwe angapange agalu abwino kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yosakanizidwa bwino inapezeka mu awiriawiri momwe nkhandwe yamphongo inali yokhulupirika kwa anthu, inali ndi nkhawa, koma nthawi yomweyo sinali yamantha. Ndikokwanira kuti hule ikhale ndi psyche komanso kunja.
Ndizomveka kukhala patokha pamitundu ya agalu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuswana agalu a nkhandwe.
Chifukwa chake, kuwoloka ndi mimbulu kumvera:
- mbwa mwitu Saarloos;
- Nkhandwe yaku Czech;
- Mitundu yosadziwika.
Mwa omalizirawa, odziwika kwambiri ndi galu wa Permian Wolf - ngakhale kuthetsedwa kofalitsa agaluwa pazosowa zankhondo ndi ntchito yamalire, obereketsa wamba akudutsa abusa ndi mimbulu zaku Germany, ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.
Ndizosatheka kuti tisamangokhalira kuganizira za mitundu yambiri yosadziwika padziko lonse lapansi - ambiri mwa omwe akuyimira mitundu iyi akhala alonda odalirika a mabanja ndi okondedwa am'banja.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Russian Wolfhund - woweta powoloka mmbulu wakuda waku Canada ndi malamute;
- Russian Volend - mtanda pakati pa mankhusu ndi nkhandwe;
- Haskovolki;
- alireza.
Zitsanzo zochepa zopambana za agalu a nkhandwe angatchedwe galu waku Russia Sulimov - mtunduwo ndi mtanda pakati pa nkhandwe ndi husky, American Wolfdog, Lupo waku Italiya ndi mtundu wa Kunming wopangidwa ndi omwe amakhala aku China.
Adani achilengedwe a nkhandwe
Chithunzi: Momwe mbuzi ya nkhandwe imawonekera
Wolfdogs omwe adakwezedwa kundende akuwonetsa nkhanza zazikulu kwa pafupifupi aliyense - samalekerera mimbulu, agalu kapena anthu. Nkhandwe zomwe zikukhala pagulu ndizoopsa kwambiri. Mapaketi anyamazi amatha kuwukira ngakhale gulu la anthu onyamula zida, kuwonetsa kuwopsa kosowa ndikulimba mtima. Samachita mantha ndikuphonya mfuti, kapena kufuula, kapena malawi amoto kapena utsi.
Chifukwa chake, agalu amkhandwe okha, omwe amakhala kuthengo, atha kutchedwa kuti adani a zamoyo zonse - gulu la mestizo limapha ngakhale nyama zazikulu monga mphamba, nguluwe kapena chimbalangondo. Zili zoopsa chifukwa zimakhala ndi chidwi chodabwitsa ndi mitundu yambiri ya ziphe - nyambo yomwe galu wamba amakhoza kumeza osaganiziranso, mbulu ya nkhandwe imatha kununkhiza.
Galu woweta woweta bwino komanso wophunzitsidwa bwino amakhala "membala wina m'banjamo" - ngati mankhusu ndi malamute, nyamazi zimakhala bwino pabanja. Koma nthawi yomweyo, nkhandwe nthawi zonse imakhala yolondera kuposa wina aliyense (zindikirani - nthawi zambiri nyama izi zimangoyang'ana awiriawiri). Ndipo ngati mlendo wosayitanidwa, ngati wapezeka ndi galu, amva khungwa lakubangula ndi kubangula, ndiye kuti galu-nkhandwe pankhaniyi sadzapanga phokoso, akuukira kumbuyo.
Agalu ammbulu ndi nyama zokonda kucheza, chifukwa chake zimakhala bwino ndi agalu ena m'dera lomwelo. Pofuna kuthana ndi kusamvana kulikonse pakati pa ziweto zanu, ndizomveka kugula ndi kuwalera limodzi. Kenako azolowera wina ndi mnzake ndikuyamba kudziona ngati mamembala a paketi yomweyo, mtsogoleri wosatsutsika yemwe amangokhala mwini wake. Popanda kutero, idzakhala phukusi losalamulirika, kupezeka kwake komwe kudzakhala koopsa kwa anthu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Volkosob m'nyengo yozizira
N'zotheka kulankhula za mtundu wa agalu pokhapokha ngati kuli kotheka kubadwa kwa mtundu womwewo wa anthu omwe ali ndi gawo limodzi la magazi a nkhandwe mwa iwo. Ndizomveka kuti kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito mimbulu ndi agalu a nkhandwe kuti akwere m'mibadwo yosiyanasiyana ndizovuta kutero. Kubereketsa mtunduwu kumafunikira kusankha kwakukulu, komwe nthawi yake imatha kutenga zaka zingapo (sizosadabwitsa kuti kukhazikitsa ntchito yayikulu kwambiri pa agalu a nkhandwe idaperekedwa kwa asayansi a Perm, osati oweta mwachangu).
Anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera kukwatirana ayenera kusankhidwa kuti apange mawonekedwe, malingaliro, thanzi komanso luso lophunzirira. Mpaka pano, obereketsa-amalonda samasiya kuyesera kuweta mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a galu komanso mawonekedwe a nkhandwe - kupambana kwamalonda kwa nyama yoteroyo kungakhale kokulirapo, chifukwa chithunzi chokhala ndi mimbulu, chowonetsedwa kuti chiwonedwe ndi onse pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, chimawerengedwa kuti ndi bizinesi yotchuka. Tsoka ilo, ntchitoyi ndi yosatheka - ngati sizovuta kukwaniritsa kufanana kwa nkhandwe (malamute omwewo amafanana ndi mimbulu), ndiye kuti zizolowezi zawo zamtchire sizidzapita kulikonse.
Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro za oweta ambiri, amakhulupirira kuti nkhandwe Uwu ndi mtundu wa galu wosiyana - wolakwika kwathunthu, chifukwa chinyama ichi ndi mtundu wosiyana (wosakanizidwa ndi galu ndi nkhandwe, komanso m'mibadwo yosiyanasiyana). Osachepera kuchokera ku lingaliro la biology, galu ndi nkhandwe ali amitundu yosiyanasiyana, motero ana awo a priori sangakhale amtundu wina uliwonse.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 08/10/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 09/29/2019 pa 12:42
