Guinea mbalame Kodi ndi nkhuku yaying'ono yomwe imawoneka ngati nkhuku kapena pheasant. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ndipo zonse zimachokera ku Africa, koma zimapezekanso ku Europe. Mbalame za ku Guinea zimazindikirika mosavuta chifukwa cha nyerere zoyera zokhala ndi nthenga zawo zotuwa, komanso ndi mutu wawo wadazi, wonyezimira.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Guinea mbalame
Guinea fowl ndi membala wa banja la Guinea fowl (dongosolo la Chicken-ngati), mbalame yaku Africa yomwe imasungidwa m'banja la Fazanov. Mbalame yaing'ono ndi yolimba ija ndi chibale cha nkhuku komanso nkhwali. Banjali limakhala ndi mitundu 7-10, imodzi mwa iyo, mbalame wamba, imasamalidwa kwambiri ndipo imakhala ngati "woyang'anira" m'mafamu (imamveka mokweza ngakhale pang'ono).
Kanema: Guinea mbalame
Chosangalatsa: Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yokongola kwambiri ya mbalame zamphongo ndi mbalame yotchedwa vulture guinea fowl yochokera kum'mawa kwa Africa - mbalame yokhala ndi khosi lalitali ndi nthenga za nthenga zazitali ngati mapiko a mizere yakuda, yoyera ndi yabuluu, yomwe ili ndi maso ofiira komanso mutu wamaliseche wabuluu.
Ku Roma Wakale ndi ku Greece wakale, mbalamezi zimatumizidwa kunja ndipo zimakonda kwambiri anthu otchuka. Ufumu wa Roma utagwa, kutchuka kwa mbalameyi kudazimiririka. M'zaka za m'ma 1600 pomwe Apwitikizi, omwe panthawiyo anali atagonjetsa Guinea, adabweretsa mbalameyi ku France. Ku France, mbalame zazikazi zimadyedwa kangapo kotero kuti zimatchedwa "Sunday bird".
Ku Europe, mbalame zomwe zimadya pachaka ndi pafupifupi mbalame 100 miliyoni. Ku New World, mbalame zambewu zinayamba ku Haiti. Amakhulupirira kuti adanyamulidwa amoyo, m'makola, pazombo zonyamula akapolo aku Africa.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi mbalame zikuwoneka bwanji
Mitundu yamtchire imadziwika kuti mbalame zamtundu wa Guinea chifukwa cha mafupa awo akuluakulu. Mbalameyi imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbadwa, yomwe imapezeka m'mapiri ndi zitsamba za ku Africa, zomwe zafotokozedwa ku West Indies ndi kwina kulikonse.
Pafupifupi masentimita 50, mbalame wamba imakhala ndi nkhope yopanda kanthu, maso a bulauni, ndevu zofiira ndi zamtambo pamlomo pake, nthenga zakuda zamadontho oyera, komanso kukhazikika. Amakhala m'magulu ndipo amayenda pansi, akudya mbewu, tubers ndi tizilombo tina. Mbalame zodandaula zikamathamanga, koma zikakankhidwira pansi, zimauluka ndi mapiko ozungulira ozungulira kwa kanthawi kochepa.
Amagona m'mitengo usiku. Mbalame ku Guinea ndi mbalame zaphokoso zomwe zimalira mokweza, mobwerezabwereza. Chisa ndi kukhumudwa m'nthaka komwe kumadzazidwa pang'ono ndi zomera. Lili ndi mazira pafupifupi 12 ofiira bwino, omwe amafunika masiku pafupifupi 30 atakhazikika. Achinyamata achichepere amakhala otakataka atangomenyedwa ndikupita ndi makolo awo.
Zosiyana pakati pa akazi ndi amuna ndi izi:
- Amuna ali ndi mawonekedwe olimba - nthawi zambiri "kapu" yayikulu ndi ndevu, ndipo mlatho wapamtunda wa mphuno umawonekera kwambiri kuposa akazi patapita miyezi ingapo, atakula;
- amuna amapanga phokoso limodzi, akazi awiri. Mbalame zonse ziwiri - koma nthawi zambiri amuna - amapanga syllable imodzi, kugogoda kwambiri, koma akazi amathanso kupanga masilabo awiri. Amapeza mawu awo mozungulira sabata la 8;
- Akazi ali ndi mafupa otambasula m'chiuno. Ngati mungathe kuwagwira, yang'anani mafupa a m'chiuno - mbalameyo ikagona, mafupa ake amchiuno amakhala otalikirana ndi 1-1.5 cm, pomwe mwa amuna amakhala ochepera 1 cm.
Kodi mbalame zimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: African Guinea Fowl
Mbalame ku Guinea ndi gulu la mbalame zamtchire komanso zoweta. Mtundu wawo wachilengedwe umapezeka ku Africa. Masiku ano, mbalamezi zimakulira m'minda kuzungulira dziko lapansi kuti zizidya nyama ndi mazira.
Guinea fowl imasinthidwa kuti iziyenda m'malo aliwonse. Ambiri a iwo amakonda madambo, minga ndi minda. Amakhala bwino m'malo otseguka. Sindiwo mbalame zosamuka, koma zimayenda kwambiri pakaswana.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame:
- Guinea fowl Numida meleagris ndiye mitundu yayikulu yomwe mbalame zowetedwa zidachokera. Malo achilengedwe a mbalamezi ndi madera komanso zitsamba kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa. Mbalameyi ili ndi “chisoti” chachikulu chamathambo chokhota kumbuyo kwake;
- Mbalame yotchedwa Vulture Guinea (Acryllium vulturinum) ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yochititsa chidwi kwambiri ya mbalame. Mbalameyi, yomwe imapezeka m'malo odyetserako ziweto kum'mawa kwa Africa, imakhala ndi khosi, miyendo ndi mchira wautali kuposa mbalame zina zonse. Amakhalanso ndi nthenga zokongola za buluu pachifuwa pake;
- Mbalame yoyamwa mabere oyera (Agelastes meleagrides) ndi mbalame yomwe imakhala m'nkhalango za West Africa. Amakhala ndi nthenga zakuda makamaka kupatula chifuwa choyera;
- Mbalame zam'madzi zam'madzi (Guttera plumifera) ndi mbalame zam'madzi (Guttera pucherani) zili ndi nthenga zakuda pamitu yawo;
- mbalame yakuda (Agelastes niger) ndi yakuda kwathunthu kupatula mutu wopanda kanthu.
Kodi mbalame zimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Guinea mbalame mbalame
Guinea fowl imatha kumva kununkhira modabwitsa ndipo imatha kuwona nsikidzi, tizilombo ndi ena otsutsa m'munda. Mbalame ku Guinea zimakonda kudya tizilombo tomwe timakhala kufupi ndi pamwamba, pamwamba paudzu, kapena panthambi ndi masamba a zomera zina. Mbalame za ku Guinea zidzagwira msanga zokwawa izi ndikuzidya mumphindi zochepa. Anapiye samakonda kubisala pansi pa udzu kapena nthaka kuti apeze nyama yawo. Komabe, pang'onopang'ono gulu la mbalame zimatha kulimbana ndi tizilombo m'munda.
Nthawi zina mbalame za ku Guinea zimathyola ndi kuwononga mbande zing'onozing'ono, koma ndizomveka kulola gulu kuyang'anira minda yokhazikika. Kupatula apo, Guinea mbalame ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yachilengedwe yopewera tizilombo tosautsa tomwe tingawononge masamba obiriwira amasika.
Izi zikunenedwa, ngati mwangobzala mbewu zanu zamtengo wapatali ndikuziyembekezera kuti zikule ndi kulimba, simuyenera kusiya mbalame m'munda mwanu. Yembekezani kuti mbewu zanu zizikhala zolimba mchaka ndi chilimwe, apo ayi mbalame zanu zingathe kuwononga dimba lanu osaganizira.
Chosangalatsa: Njira imodzi yosavuta yothetsera tizilombo kuyesa kunyumba ndikutchetcha kapinga pamene mbalame ikudya msipu. Mbalame zina zazikazi zidzazindikira kuti makina ophera kapinga akukankhira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokwawa pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, kumenyana ndikuwononga nyama zazing'onozi.
Mbalame za ku Guinea zimakonda kusaka tizilombo tambiri, koma nthawi zina zimagawika m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Komabe, mbalame zotchedwa Guinea mbalame zimakonda kuyang'anira gulu lonselo, chifukwa mkati mwawo ndimasewera omwe amakonda kuphatikana mpaka kumapeto.
Pali tizirombo ndi tizirombo tochepa zomwe mbalamezi sizingasangalale nazo m'munda mwanu. Kuyambira nyerere zazing'ono kwambiri mpaka akangaude owopsa kwambiri, mbalame sizimazengereza kudya zonyoza zonsezi.
Zakudya zokoma za mbalame ndi:
- tiki;
- ziwala;
- nyerere;
- tizilombo tina.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Guinea mbalame zikuuluka
Mbalame za ku Guinea nthawi zambiri zimagona m'mitengo usiku wonse kuti zisawonongeke. Amuna achikulire amakonzekeretsa pamisonkhano ndikusamba fumbi m'nthaka. Nthaŵi yakutonthola masana, mbalamezi zimapuma mobisa. Akazi ali ndi udindo makamaka wosankha malo okhala ndi zisa. Nthawi zambiri amangochotsa nthambi ndi udzu ndi zisa za mzere ndi zofewa ndi nthenga. Zisa izi zimabisala nthawi zonse.
Mbalame za ku Guinea zimakhala m'madera ambiri ndipo zimakhala bwino kwambiri. Amuna amalamulira dera ndikuthetsa kusamvana kwawo pothamangitsana. Pamapeto pake, champhongo chomwe chimapirira kwambiri komanso kulimbitsa thupi chimakhala pamalo apamwamba pagululi.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, amuna ndi akazi onse azimenyera nkhondo mdera lawo. Amphongowo amateteza mazira asanakhazikike koma amatuluka nthawi ikangoyamba kumene kusaka akazi ena. Kenako amabwerera mazirawo akangotuluka.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Yaimuna imagwira ntchito yofunikira pophunzitsa anapiye. Ngati sangabwerere, anapiye ambiri amafa, chifukwa mayi sadzakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yowasamalira komanso kudzisamalira pambuyo pokhwima. M'madera akulu, nthawi zina anapiye amasamalidwa ndi makolo osiyanasiyana.
Mbalame za ku Guinea ndi zolengedwa zonyamula mwachilengedwe ndipo ndikofunikira kuti zisunge ziwiri mwa izi. Ngati mbira ikusungulumwa komanso kusungulumwa, imatha kuthawa. Onetsetsani kuti mbalame zanu zili ndi kampani, apo ayi simutha kuzisunga kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mbalame za ku Guinea sizigwirizana nthawi zonse ndi mbalame zina. Amatha kuopseza nkhuku ndipo sakonda ana obadwa kumene, ngakhale amtundu womwewo. Amalekerera kwambiri atambala ndipo nthawi zambiri amathamangitsa mbalame zomwe sakonda.
Kusunga mbalame zanu zotetezeka ndichinthu chofunikira pakuwonjezera gulu lanu. Mbalamezi ndi zotchuka chifukwa cha phokoso lawo zikaona zoopsa pafupi. Amapanganso phokoso anthu akawayandikira.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Guinea mbalame
Mbalame za ku Guinea zimaikira mazira pokhapokha zinthu zitakhala bwino. Amakonda nyengo yofunda ndi youma, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimatha kusungidwa kwakanthawi nyengo yaku Australia. Ngakhale mazira a mbalame zambewu amalowa m'malo mwa mazira a nkhuku, mwatsoka amatulutsa mazira ochepera 100 pachaka. Koma zomwe amasowa m'mazira, amapanga njira zowononga tizilombo.
Mbalame zamphongo zazimuna ndi zachimuna nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhazokha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakhalira limodzi nthawi zonse komanso zimakwatirana popanda ena. Komabe, mwa mitundu ina, yamphongo imatha kukwera ndi akazi opitilira umodzi. Mwamuna akamakongoletsa chachikazi, thupi lake limakhala ndi "hunchback pose" akamadzionetsera pamaso pake. Wamphongo amathanso kubisalira kumbuyo akakumana ndi mnzake wamkazi.
Kawirikawiri wamkazi amatenga mazira 12-15 aang'ono akuda mu chisa chokumbidwa pansi, chomwe chingabisike pakati pa namsongole kapena pogona. Ziphuphu zina zimakhala ndi mazira 30. Mazira a mbalame za ku Guinea amawombedwa (kumanzere kuti afunde) kwa masiku 26 kapena 28 asanafike anapiye aang'ono. Makolo onse amasamalira anapiye mofanana. Kwa milungu ingapo yoyambirira ya moyo, anapiye ayenera kukhala ofunda komanso owuma, apo ayi akhoza kufa. Komabe, akakhala ndi milungu ingapo, amakhala mbalame zolimba kwambiri.
M'mafamu, anapiye omwe aswedwa kumene nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mu chofungatira, chomwe ndi bokosi lokhala ndi nyali yotenthetsera, pafupifupi milungu isanu ndi umodzi - mpaka atadzazidwa ndi nthenga. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono nthawi zambiri timasamukira kumalo osungira ana, komwe timakudziwitsidwa kwa mbalame zakale mgulu zikatetezedwa ndi mpanda wa waya. Pakatha milungu ingapo m'zisamba, amatulutsidwa kulowa m'gulu lanyama.
Tsopano mukudziwa kuswana ndi kusunga mbalame. Tiyeni tiwone yemwe akuopseza mbalame iyi kuthengo.
Adani achilengedwe a mbalame
Chithunzi: Mbalame yaikazi
Kuyanjana ndi mitundu ina kuthengo ndikosowa. Mbalame ku Guinea zimagwidwa ndi mbalame zodya nyama monga ziwombankhanga ndi akadzidzi. Zinyama, kuphatikizapo amphaka amtchire, agalu, mimbulu ndi anthu, komanso nyama zazikulu za m'madzi monga njoka ndi ng'ona, ndizomwe zimadyetsa mbalame zambiri.
Mbalame za ku Guinea nthawi zambiri zimakhala mbalame ndipo zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Amakhala amuna amodzi okhaokha komanso ochezeka pamoyo wawo wonse, koma panali nthawi zina mbalame zakutchire zitasankha mnzake wina. Ndiothamanga kwambiri ndipo amakonda kuthawa zilombo zolusa m'malo mouluka. Kuthawa kwawo kukuthamanga koma kwakanthawi. Mbalame zaku Guinea nthawi zambiri zimatha kukhala zaka 10 mpaka 15, kutengera kuchuluka kwa nyama zomwe zimadya. Nyama zazikulu za mbalamezi ndi nkhandwe, mphalapala, mphamba ndi akadzidzi.
Mbalame zingathenso kukhudzidwa ndi kusaka ndi kusonkhanitsa mazira, koma kunena zambiri, mbalame zazing'ono zimapezeka paliponse pomwe nthaka ingawathandize. Mbalame zimalira pena paliponse pakachitika chinthu chachilendo pafamupo. Ngakhale anthu ena amawona kuti phokosoli ndi losasangalatsa, ena amawona ngati chida chothandiza kuteteza famu ndikusintha mbalame za pafamu kukhala "agalu olondera". Phokoso lalikulu la ma guineas limaletsanso makoswe kuti asalowe m'derali.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Kodi mbalame zikuwoneka bwanji
Mitunduyi imadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi kwambiri. Mbalame za ku Guinea zimapezeka ku South Africa. Mbalame za ku Guinea ndi mbalame zazikuluzikulu zamasewera kumayiko ena, koma zimafunikira kuyang'anira mosamala kuti zisawonongeke.
Kukula kwa zilombo zakutchire sikudziwika, koma zikuwoneka kuti ndizochepa. Mbiri yakulephera koyambitsa kwa anthu ochepa, osakhalitsa akuwonetsa kuti mitundu iyi singakhale mwachilengedwe ku New Zealand, osachepera momwe zinthu ziliri pano. New Zealand ili ndi alimi angapo olembetsedwa komanso owerengeka osadziwika omwe ali ndi nkhuku zomwe zitha kuchititsa kuti abwezeretse mwadala kapena mwangozi.
Mbalamezi sizisamalira bwino nyama zawo za pafamu ndipo zilibe matenda a nkhuku amene amadwala alimi ambiri. Manyowa awo olemera ndi michere atha kusindikizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda.
Pogwira ntchito limodzi, mbalame zazing'ono zimadya tizilombo tomwe timakwanira pakamwa pawo, koma mosiyana ndi nkhuku, zimachita izi osang'amba kapena kukanda dimba. Popeza kuti mbalamezi zili patali, zimasaka nkhupakupa (kapena kafadala, utitiri, ziwala, njuchi, njoka) ponseponse pa malo anu. Ndi njira yachilengedwe yothanirana ndi tizilombo toononga kuposa mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Guinea mbalame Imodzi mwa mbalame zachilendo kwambiri, zodabwitsa komanso zoyambirira padziko lapansi. Ndi zolengedwa zapadera zomwe zimafunikira kusamalidwa mwapadera, koma mphotho yosunga mbalame ndi yamtengo wapatali. Adzateteza dimba lanu kuti lisaukiridwe ndi tizilombo, kuyimba zachilendo, komabe, ndi nyimbo zokoma ndipo mutha kungowayang'ana ndi chidwi.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 08.08.2019
Idasinthidwa: 09.09.2019 pa 12:44
