Anapanga hedgehog - nyama yotchinga yomwe imakhala m'chipululu, m'minda, m'mapiri. Mitunduyi ndi ya banja limodzi monga ma hedgehogs wamba, koma momwe thupi limapangidwira komanso zizolowezi zake ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi ma hedgehogs wamba. Ma hedgehogs opangidwa mosiyana, mosiyana ndi ena oimira banjali, ali ndi makutu ataliatali, omwe amapindika pang'ono. Palinso mawanga achikasu pa singano za mahedgehogs opindika. Kukula kwa ma hedgehogs opindika ndi ochepa kuposa masiku onse, ndipo amathamanga kwambiri.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Ered hedgehog
Hemiechinus auritus eared hedgehog ndi nyama yoyamwa yomwe ili m'gulu la tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, banja la hedgehog. Pali mtundu umodzi wamtunduwu - the hedgehog eared. Banja la hedgehog ndi amodzi mwamabanja akale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Oimira oyamba a banja lino amakhala padziko lathu lapansi pafupifupi zaka 58 miliyoni zapitazo. Zakale zakale za ku hedgehog zomwe zimapezeka ku North America ndi zaka 52 miliyoni. Kukula kwa thupi la kholo la hedgehog kunali masentimita 5 okha. Ma hedgehogs akale anali ofanana ndi oimira amakono a banja ili, koma osiyana pang'ono ndi kapangidwe ka thupi.
Kanema: Ege hedgehog
Mitundu ya Hemiechinus auritus idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi woyenda waku Germany komanso wasayansi yachilengedwe a Samuel Georg Gottlieb Gmelin mu 1770. Ma hedgehogs omwe adapangidwa amasiyana ndi ma hedgehogs wamba kukula kwamakutu awo. Pomwe oimira ena am'banjali ali ndi timiyendo ting'onoting'ono ndipo timabisala pakati pa singano, makutu a ma hedgehogs opindika ndi otalika pafupifupi masentimita 6. Msana wa hedgehog umadzaza ndi singano zakuthwa.
Ma hedgehogs amtundu wautali nthawi zina amatchedwanso ma pygmy hedgehogs, chifukwa choti ndi ocheperako kuposa ma hedgehogs wamba. Kutalika kwa thupi la amuna akulu kuyambira 13 mpaka 26 cm, kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 200 mpaka 470. Mphuno ndi mawonekedwe akuthwa. M'dera la pamphumi, mzere wopanda khungu umawonekera, umatsikira m'thupi. Tsitsi ndi lofewa. Mtundu wa ma hedgehogs amtunduwu umatha kukhala wosiyana kutengera komwe nyama imakhalako.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe hedgehog yowonekera imawonekera
Ma hedgehogs omwe amakhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Thupi la hedgehog wamkulu ndi kutalika kwa 12 mpaka 26 cm. Mchira kukula kwake ndi 16-23 mm, subspecies zaku Pakistani zanyama zamtunduwu ndizazikulu ndi 30 cm kutalika. Amuna amalemera mpaka magalamu 450, akazi amatha kulemera pakati pa 220 ndi 500 magalamu. Chingwe chokulirapo cha ma hedgehogs opindika ndi ocheperako kuposa ma hedgehogs wamba. Pansi pammbali, pankhope ndi pamimba, pali tsitsi lofewa. Kumbuyo ndi mbali, tsitsi lokhala ndi singano zakuthwa kumapeto.
Singano ndizochepa, 17 mpaka 20 mm kutalika, wokutidwa ndi timiyala tating'ono ndi zitunda. Ma hedgehogs ang'ono amabadwa ndi singano zofewa kwambiri komanso zowonekera, ndipo ndi akhungu. Pofika masabata awiri, ma hedgehogs amayamba kuwona, amaphunzira kupindika kukhala mpira, ndipo masingano awo amakhala olimba ndikuthwa. Kutengera malo okhala nyama, mtundu wa singano umatha kusiyanasiyana ndi udzu wonyezimira mpaka wakuda.
Mphuno imaloza. Maso ndi ochepa komanso ozungulira. Iris wamaso ndi amdima wonyezimira. Makutu ake ndi akulu, mpaka 5 cm kutalika, makutu amaweramira pang'ono kumaso. Masharubu ndi owongoka. Masaya olimba a nyama amadziwika kwambiri. Pakamwa pamakhala mano 36 owongoka. Miyendo ndi yayitali komanso yolimba. Mpanda umatha kuthamanga mwachangu, ndipo pakawopsa umapindika kukhala mpira wokhala ndi singano kumtunda. Kutalika kwa ma hedgehogs kuthengo pafupifupi zaka zitatu. Mu ukapolo, ma hedgehogs amakhala motalika mpaka zaka 6, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chilengedwe chabwino komanso moyo wabata.
Kodi hedgehog yamakutu imakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Anapanga hedgehog m'chipululu
Malo okhala ma hedgehogs opindika ndi otakata komanso osiyanasiyana. Nyama izi zimapezeka m'mapiri, zipululu za Libya, Egypt, Israel, Asia Minor, Pakistan ndi Afghanistan. Amakhalanso ku India, zipululu za Kazakhstan ndi madera aku Mongolia. Ku China, hedgehog yamtunduwu imapezeka kokha mdera la Xinjiang Uygur. M'dziko lathu, ma hedgehogs opindika m'matope amapezeka m'chigawo cha Volga ndi ku Novosibirsk. Ku Urals, kuchokera kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Siberia mpaka kumapiri a Altai. Nthawi zina amapezeka mdera la Ukraine.
Ma Hedgehogs amakhala m'malo okhala ndi mchenga wouma komanso loam. Amasankha malo ouma monga zigwa zouma, mitsinje, zigwa. Amakhala m'chipululu chokhala ndi udzu wamtali komanso masamba opanda zomera. Sakonda malo okhala ndi udzu wowotcha komanso nkhalango zazitali zakufa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ma hedgehogs nthawi zina amakwera mapiri mpaka kutalika kwa 2400 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Kwa moyo wonse, hedgehog imakumba bowo lotalika mpaka mita imodzi. Kutseka bowo panja. Nthawi zina ma hedgehogs amakoka amakhala m'makanda osiyidwa a nyama zina.
Ziwombankhanga zonse zazitali zazitali zimawonongeka mdzenje lawo, pofika nthawi yophukira zimakhazikika mokoka masamba, kukonza chisa, ndipo nyengo yozizira imatseka khomo loboola ndi kubisala mpaka masika. Ngati amakhala pafupi ndi midzi, khalani pafupi ndi nyumba ya munthu yemwe saopa konse.
Kodi hedgehog yamakungu imadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Hedgehog ya Steppe
Ma hedgehogs amtundu wautali ndi nyama zovulaza. Zakudya za ma hedgehogs opindika ndi awa:
- kafadala kakang'ono;
- nyerere;
- abuluzi;
- achule;
- njoka;
- ziphuphu;
- mbewa ndi makoswe;
- mbalame zazing'ono ndi anapiye awo;
- mazira a mbalame.
Kuchokera pachakudya chazomera, ma hedgehogs amakonda kudya zipatso, zipatso ndi mbewu za zomera zosiyanasiyana. Hedgehog wamakutu ataliatali, omwe amadzipezera chakudya, amatha kuthamanga mwachangu kwambiri, ma hedgehogs awa amayenda mwachangu kwambiri kuposa nthumwi zina za banja ili. Chifukwa chake ndizovuta kwambiri kuti wovulalayo azibisala posaka nyama yaying'onoyi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma hedgehogs opindika ndi olimba kwambiri, amatha kukhala opanda chakudya ndi madzi mpaka milungu 10 ali kubisala.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ngati hedgehog yamakungu idya nyama yakupha, sikuti imangolandira poizoni, komanso imakhala ndi chitetezo chokhazikika pakuluma kwa nyama izi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati hedgehog idya njoka yapoizoni, palibe chomwe chingamuchitikire, ndipo mtsogolomo kulumidwa ndi njoka zowopsa izi sikuchita naye mantha.
Ma Hedgehogs amadziwika kuti ndi dongosolo lenileni m'nkhalango, amadya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makoswe omwe amanyamula matenda osiyanasiyana, njoka zapoizoni ndi tizilombo. Chifukwa chake, zikopa zazing'anga zikakhazikika pafupi ndi nyumba ya munthu, anthu amayamba kuzidyetsa, podziwa kuti ngati khoswe amakhala mumunda wam'munda, sipadzakhala tizirombo pamenepo, chifukwa chombochi chidzawawononga msanga.
Nthawi zambiri anthu amakonda kusunga mahedgehogs ngati ziweto, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kupeza chakudya chomwe hedgehog imadya m'chilengedwe. Ali mu ukapolo, ma hedgehogs opindika amadyetsedwa ndi nyama ya nkhuku, ng'ombe, mazira, nyama yophika yophika; Amaperekanso zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu za mbewu.
Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe mungadyetse hedgehog. Tiyeni tiwone momwe nyamayo imakhalira kuthengo.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Hedgehog yaku Africa
Hedgehog wamakoko atali si nyama yaukali komanso yamakhalidwe abwino. Agile kwambiri komanso agile. Kutchire, ndimadzulo. Imathamanga mwachangu kwambiri. Nguluwe siziwona bwino, choncho nyamazi zimasaka makamaka ndi khutu. Usiku, hedgehog yotchera imatha kuyenda mtunda wa 8-9 km. Masana, hedgehog imabisala pogona pake ndikugona. Kuti apumule, amadzipangira kogona kwakanthawi pansi pamizu ya mitengo kapena tchire. Kuphatikiza pa malo obisalako kwakanthawi, hedgehog yaphokoso imadzipangira nyumba yakeyake. Dzenje lalikulu ndi lakuya lokwanira mpaka mita 1.5 kuya kapena mumakhala nyumba ya wina. Dzenje loterolo lili pamphepete mwa phiri pansi pa mizu ya mtengo kapena tchire. Pamapeto pake pa dzenje, pakhola lapadera limakonzedwa, pomwe nthawi yoswana, ma hedgehogs amabadwa.
Zingwe zotsogola zimakonda kusungulumwa ndipo sizimanga mabanja, zilibe abwenzi okhazikika, osasochera kukhala gulu. Pakugwa, ma hedgehogs amadyedwa kwambiri ndikupeza mafuta ochepa. Ma Hedgehogs amapita ku hibernation mu Okutobala-Novembala, amadzuka ku hibernation koyambirira kwa Epulo. M'madera otentha, ma hedgehogs obisika amabisalira pokhapokha chakudya chilibe. Kudzibisa mu hedgehogs zamtunduwu sikuli kwamphamvu ngati kwa ena oimira banjali. M'nyengo yozizira, amatha kudzuka ndikudya zomwe wakonzekera nyengo yachisanu.
Nyama zimenezi zimachitira munthu zabwino ndipo sizimawopa anthu. Amatenga chakudya kuchokera kwa munthu, amamva bwino ndikutengedwa. Mukayamba hedgehog ngati chiweto, amasintha kuzolowera anthu, amazindikira mwini wake ndipo amamumvera. Ndi nyama zina, sizikhala zaukali pakagwa ngozi, zimayamba kutsinya, zikuchenjeza za kusakhutira kwake, kudumpha wolakwayo akufuna kumumenya.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ma hedgehogs omwe ali ndi chidwi sakonda kupindika mu mpira, ndipo yesetsani kuchita chilichonse kuti musachite izi. Zikakhala zoopsa, amakalipira mokalipa ndikusefukira wotsutsana naye, kuyesa kuthawa, ngati izi sizigwira ntchito ndipo njira zothawira zatsekedwa, ma hedgehogs awa amalumpha wolakwira wawo akufuna kubaya mopweteka. The hedgehog curls mpaka mpira pokhapokha pangozi yayikulu.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: hedgehog yaying'ono yamakutu
Nthawi yokwanira ya ma hedgehogs imagwa mchaka; munyengo yoswana, akazi amatulutsa chinsinsi chapadera ndi ma pheromones. Amuna amamva kununkhira uku ndikupita. Mwamuna akafika kwa mkazi, amayamba kuimba nyimbo yake yofanana ndi mluzu. Iyambanso kukuwa ndikuthamangira pafupi naye patapita kanthawi mkazi nayenso amatenga nawo mbali pamasewera.
Ma Hedgehogs amabisa kwambiri, chifukwa chake kukhatikirana kumachitika mumitengo yaudzu. Choyamba, nyama zimanunkhana, pambuyo pake nyamazo zimakonzekera kukodza pamodzi. Kenako chachimuna chimayesera kuyandikira chachikazi kumbuyo. Masingano onunkhira achikazi pamoyo wamba nthawi ino amakhala ofewa, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa. Kuphatikiza apo, hedgehog imatenga singano pozipinda bwinobwino.
Pambuyo pokwatirana, hedgehog imachoka mu hedgehog ndikupita kukakonzekeretsa bowo, kapena kuzamitsa ndikulitsa nyumba yakale. Mimba ya mkazi imatha milungu 7. Kuyambira 2 mpaka 6 hedgehogs amabadwa nthawi imodzi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe sitingathe kubadwa timakhala akhungu tikabadwa. Maso a hedgehog amatseguka pakatha milungu iwiri, anawo amadya mkaka wa amayi awo. Mkaziyo amakhala ndi ana ake kwa miyezi iwiri yoyambirira, pambuyo pake ma hedgehogs amatha kuchoka kwawo. Ma hedgehogs omwe ali ndi chidwi amakhala osungulumwa, samapanga mabanja, alibe anzawo okhazikika. Amachitira abale awo modekha; Zilonda zimatha kukhala pakati pa amuna okha m'nyengo yokwanira.
Adani achilengedwe a ma hedgehogs opindika
Chithunzi: Momwe hedgehog yowonekera imawonekera
Ma Hedgehogs samangokhala ndi moyo wakusiku, masana pali nyama zolusa zambiri zomwe sizingadye nyama yaying'ono iyi.
Adani achilengedwe akuluakulu a ma hedgehogs opindika ndi awa:
- zolusa mbalame;
- nkhandwe,
- mimbulu;
- mbira;
- agalu;
Ma hedgehogs omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Amathamanga mokwanira ndipo amayesa kuthawa pakagwa ngozi, zomwe nthawi zambiri amachita bwino. Zikakhala zovuta kwambiri, amalankhula moopseza ndikuyesera kukwapula wolakwayo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Nyama zolusa zikagunda hedgehog ndipo zimadya, sizingathe kuchita izi, chifukwa mphonjeyo imadzipindulira ngati mpira wolimba. Odyetsa odetsa nkhawa apeza momwe angathanirane nawo, amangokodzera pa hedgehog, panthawiyi hedgehog iyenera kuti itembenuke ndipo pakadali pano wolombayo adya.
Ma Hedgehogs amalimbana ndi ziphe zambiri, amalekerera mosavuta kulumidwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zokwawa. Ngakhale ziphe zambiri zamankhwala sizowopsa kwa ma hedgehogs. Nthata nthawi zambiri zimakhazikika pama hedgehogs; mu nyengo imodzi hedgehog imasonkhanitsa ndikudyetsa mazana angapo a tiziromboti. Kuphatikiza apo, ma hedgehogs nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma helminths. Ma Hedgehogs nawonso atengeke ndi matenda a mafangasi, nthawi zambiri amatenga kachilombo ka dermofraditis bowa monga Trychophyton mentagrophyte var. Erinacei ndi albida a Candida. Hedgehogs amanyamula matenda monga salmonellosis, adenoviruses, encephalitis virus, paramyxoviruses.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Hedgehog Eared
Hedgehog yanyama yotchinga ndi nyama yobisika, yotsogola usiku, motero kukula kwa anthu okhala ndi ziwombankhanga ndi kovuta kuwatsata. Mphaka ndi mbatata zodziwika bwino ndipo masana samasiya mabowo awo, koma amasaka usiku wokha. Komabe, mtundu uwu umadziwika kuti ndiwambiri. Pakadali pano, mitunduyi ili ndi malamulo okakamiza - mitundu yomwe imayambitsa nkhawa zochepa. Sakusowa chitetezo chapadera. Ma Hedgehogs amachulukitsa mwachangu, amalekerera zoyipa zachilengedwe bwino.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ma hedgehogs amtunduwu akhala akusungidwa monga ziweto m'maiko ambiri, chifukwa chake mtundu uwu umagulitsidwa nthawi zambiri. Ma Hedgehogs amtunduwu amawerengedwa kuti ndi ziweto zabwino kwambiri, sapondaponda, mosiyana ndi ma hedgehogs wamba, ndiwodzichepetsa pazakudya ndi moyo. Amakonda ambuye awo. Zowona, kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana, ma hedgehogs siabwino ngati ziweto, chifukwa kulumikizana ndi minga ya hedgehog kumatha kuyambitsa chifuwa mwa ana.
Ponena za chitetezo cha mahedgehogs, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kuyesa kusunga malo omwe ma hedgehogs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikika. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kukonzekera malo osungira, mapaki, kukonza malo obiriwira. Ngati ma hedgehogs akhazikika pafupi ndi nyumba yanu, musayese kuwakhumudwitsa. Dyetsani nyama izi, ndipo zizichotsa tizirombo patsamba lanu ndikukhala anzanu enieni.
Anapanga hedgehog ndi mtundu wofunikira kwambiri paulimi. Ma Hedgehogs amawononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi makoswe okhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Malo oyandikana ndi ma hedgehogs ndi othandiza kwambiri, koma ngakhale nyama izi ndi zokongola kwambiri, ma hedgehogs amtchire sayenera kukhudzidwa ndikutengedwa m'manja mwanu, chifukwa nkhupakupa zowopsa ndi tiziromboti tina tomwe timakhalapo.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 08/05/2019
Idasinthidwa: 11.11.2019 pa 10:43
