Shirimpi Ndi chimodzi mwazakudya zabwino kwambiri. Mitunduyi imapezeka m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja zonse, ndipo imatha kupezeka m'matupi amadzi abwino. Ma arthropods apadera amadziwika, makamaka, ngati chakudya chopatsa thanzi, chophatikizira muzakudya zosiyanasiyana, koma ma shrimp okhawo ndi achilendo kwambiri komanso amakhala osamvetsetseka okhala padziko lapansi pamadzi, okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Ambiri okonda kusambira pamadzi otentha ali ndi mwayi wotsatira machitidwe awo - ngati mungasunthire ndere, ndiye kuti nkhanuzo zimalumpha ngati ziwala kuchokera ku udzu wamba.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Nkhanu
Shrimp ndi ma crustaceans ochokera ku decapod order, pali mitundu 250 ndi mitundu yoposa 2000 ya zolengedwa izi. Ma shrimp a decapod ndi ma crustaceans apamwamba, mosiyana ndi ena amitundu yambiri, minofu yawo yamitima ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Monga ma arthropods onse, ali m'gulu la nyama, ali ndi zotumphukira zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa thupi ndipo chifukwa chake nyamayo imayenera kukhetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi - imasungunuka.
Kanema: Nkhanu
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 100 ya shrimp yomwe imakonda kusodza, ina imalimidwa m'minda yapadera ya nkhanu, pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imasungidwa bwino ngakhale m'madzi am'nyumba. Kwa mitundu yambiri yama crustaceans, protandric hermaphroditism ndichikhalidwe - m'moyo wawo amatha kusintha kugonana. Chodabwitsa chachilendo ichi cha mawonekedwe osiyana azakugonana mu zolengedwa za hermaphrodite ndizosowa kwenikweni.
Chosangalatsa: Nyama ya Shrimp imakhala ndi protein yambiri komanso calcium yochulukirapo, koma imakhala ndi ma calories ochepa, komabe, shrimp, monga ma arthropod ena onse omwe amakhala munyanja, saloledwa m'Chiyuda. Pali kusagwirizana pankhani yovomerezeka kwa ma crustaceans awa m'Chisilamu.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Chinsomba chikuwoneka bwanji
Mtundu ndi kukula kwa nkhanu zimadalira mitundu yake, koma m'mitundu yonseyi, kunja kwake kumakutidwa ndi chitini cholimba, chomwe amasintha akamakula. Mollusk ili ndi thupi lokhalitsa, lophwatalala pambali, lomwe limagawika m'mimba, cephalothorax. Cephalothorax, imakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka - rostrum, pomwe mano amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kuwoneka kutengera mtundu wa crustacean. Mtundu wa nkhanu umatha kukhala wobiriwira mpaka kubiriwiri mpaka pinki komanso wabuluu, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima, mawanga, kukula kwake kumakhala pakati pa 2 mpaka 30 sentimita. Maso a Shrimp amapangidwa ndi mbali zambiri; kuchuluka kwawo kumakulirakulira. Masomphenya awo ndi ojambula ndipo pachifukwa ichi ma crustaceans amawona bwino pang'ono pang'ono mpaka masentimita angapo.
Komabe, maso ndi omwe amachititsa kupanga mahomoni apadera omwe amayang'anira:
- kusintha kwa thupi;
- kukula, molts pafupipafupi;
- kagayidwe, kuchepa kwa calcium;
- dongosolo la mtundu wa pigment.
Tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tomwe timagwira. Mimba ya shrimp imakhala ndi miyendo isanu - miyendo, mothandizidwa ndi nyama. Mkazi amatenga mazira pamadzi ambiri, akusuntha, amawatsuka ndikuwayeretsa. Miyendo yomalizirayi, limodzi ndi mchira, zimakonda kwambiri. Wokhotakhota pamimba pake, nkhosoyi imatha kusambira msanga pakagwa ngozi. Shrimpyo ili ndi miyendo itatu yamiyendo yam'mimba, mothandizidwa nayo imasonkhanitsa chakudya ndikuibweretsa kuzinthu zofunikira, zomwe zimadalira kuti idye kapena ayi.
Miyendo iwiri yakuphazi yasandulika zikhadabo. Amateteza nkhanu, kugwira nyama zambiri. Mwa amuna, nthawi zambiri amakula kwambiri. Miyendo yoyenda pachifuwa ndiyosangalatsa chifukwa miyendo yakumanzere ndi yakumanja kuchokera pagulu lililonse imayenda mosadukizana. Mitsempha ya shrimp imabisika m'mphepete mwa chipolopolocho ndipo yolumikizidwa ndi ziwalo zam'mimba. Madzi amayendetsedwa kudzera pamphako pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lalikulu kumbuyo kwa nsagwada.
Kodi nkhanu zimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Nkhanu m'nyanja
Nkhanu, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja, zafalikira pafupifupi kulikonse.
Mitundu yoposa 2000 ya nkhonozi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awa:
- madzi oyera - amapezeka ku Russia, madzi aku Australia, South Asia;
- Shrimp zamadzi ozizira ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri womwe umakhala Kumpoto, Baltic Sea, Barents, pafupi ndi magombe a Greenland, Canada;
- nkhono zotentha - m'nyanja zakumwera ndi m'nyanja;
- brackish - m'madzi amchere.
Anthu aku crustacean aku Chile akhazikika m'mbali mwa gombe lonse la South America, amapezeka ku Black Sea, Nyanja ya Mediterranean, ndi nkhono za "king" - munyanja ya Atlantic. Pakakhala malo abwinobwino, mitundu ina yamadzi amadzi ndi madzi otentha amasungidwa bwino m'madzi am'nyumba. Ambiri aiwo adapangidwa mwanzeru, ali ndi mtundu wachilendo womwe sukuchitika m'chilengedwe.
Chosangalatsa: Shrimp yamadzi ozizira imangoberekanso m'malo awo achilengedwe ndipo sichimangodzipangira zokha. Anthu a Crustaceans amadyetsa nyama zokhazokha zokhazokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyama yawo ikhale yabwino kwambiri komanso yamtengo wapatali. Oimira amtengo wapatali amtunduwu ndi nkhanu zofiira zakumpoto zofiira, chillim wakumpoto.
Tsopano mukudziwa kumene nkhanu zimapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe amadya.
Kodi nkhanu zimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Shrimp yayikulu
Shrimp ndi owononga, chakudya chawo ndi pafupifupi zotsalira zilizonse. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama zakutchire zimakonda kudya zipatso za plankton, zamadzimadzi, zimatha kusaka tinsomba tating'onoting'ono, ngakhale kukwera maukonde a asodzi. Nsombazi zimafunafuna chakudya chifukwa cha kununkhiza komanso kukhudza, kutembenuzira tinyanga tawo mbali zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina ikung'amba pansi posaka masamba, pomwe ina imathamanga pansi mpaka ikapeza chakudya.
Ma molluscs awa ndi akhungu ndipo amatha kusiyanitsa zinthu zomwe zili patali masentimita angapo, chifukwa chake kununkhira kumayimba vayolini wamkulu. Chinsombacho chimagwirira nyama yake mwadzidzidzi, kumugwira ndi miyendo iwiri yakutsogolo, ndikuigwira mpaka kufa. Nsagwada zotukuka kapena zopatsa mphamvu zimapukusa chakudya pang'onopang'ono, chomwe chimatha kutenga maola angapo.
Chosangalatsa: Usiku, shrimps zonse zimawala, zimasintha, ndipo zimada mdima masana, komanso zimasintha mtundu wawo kutengera maziko.
Kwa shrimp ya m'nyanja yam'madzi, makonzedwe okonzedwa mwapadera kapena masamba wamba owiritsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya. Palibe crustacean m'modzi yemwe angadzitsutse yekha chisangalalo chodya zotsalira za anzawo kapena nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Shrimp zam'nyanja
Nkhanuzi zimayenda kwambiri koma zimakhala zobisika. Nthawi zonse amayenda pansi pamadzi posaka chakudya ndipo amatha kuthana ndi mtunda wawutali kwambiri, momwemonso nkhono zimayenda pamasamba azomera zam'madzi, kutola zovunda. Pangozi pang'ono, nyama zakutchire zimabisala m'nkhalango, pansi, pakati pa miyala. Amatsuka ndipo amatenga gawo lofunikira m'nyanja. Amamenyera achibale awo kawirikawiri ndipo akakhala ndi njala yayikulu pakakhala kuti palibe chakudya chokwanira.
Amayendetsa mwaluso chifukwa chakuyenda, miyendo yosambira yomwe ili pachifuwa ndi pamimba. Mothandizidwa ndi zimayambira za mchira, nkhanu zimatha kuthamanga mwamphamvu patali kotalikirapo, zimasunthira chakumbuyo mwachangu ndipo potero zimawopseza adani awo ndikudina. Shrimps yonse imakhala yokhayokha, komabe, nkhono zazinyama zimapezeka makamaka m'magulu akulu. Mitundu ina imagwira ntchito usiku, pomwe ina imasaka masana kokha.
Chosangalatsa: Ziwalo zoberekera, mtima wa nkhanuzi zimapezeka kudera lamutu. Nawo ziwalo zamikodzo komanso zotsekemera. Magazi a ma crustaceans nthawi zambiri amakhala obiriwira abuluu, koma amakhala opanda utoto oxygen ikasowa.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Shrimp wachikaso
Pafupifupi, nkhanu imakhala zaka 1.6 mpaka 6, kutengera mtundu wawo. Shrimp ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, koma ma gland aamuna ndi aakazi amapanga nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba, kumayambiriro kwa kutha msinkhu, nkhono zazing'ono zimakhala zamphongo ndipo mchaka chachitatu chokha cha moyo zimasintha zogonana.
Pakutha msinkhu, mkazi amayamba kupanga mazira ndipo nthawi yoyamba amafanana ndi utoto wobiriwira wachikasu. Akakonzeka kukwatira, mkazi amabisa zinthu zapadera, ma pheromones, zomwe zimamupeza. Njira yonse yokwatira imatenga mphindi zochepa ndipo pakapita nthawi mazira amatuluka. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zazikazi zimasunga mazira osakwanira pamitsitsi yam'mimba, kenako zimanyamula anawo mpaka mphutsi zitulukire m'mazirawo.
Kutengera kutentha kwa madzi, mphutsi zimamera mkati mwa mazira mkati mwa masiku 10-30, kupitilira magawo 9 mpaka 12 a embryogenesis. Choyamba nsagwada amapangidwa, ndiye cephalothorax. Ambiri mwa mphutsi zimafa tsiku loyamba ndipo zimakhwima osapitirira 5-10 peresenti ya ana onse. M'mikhalidwe yochita kupanga, kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kumakhala katatu. Mphutsi zomwezo sizigwira ntchito ndipo sizingathe kufunafuna chakudya paokha.
Adani achilengedwe a nkhanu
Chithunzi: Chinsomba chikuwoneka bwanji
Pali nkhanu zochuluka kwambiri zomwe zimafa zikafa. Whale shark, anamgumi, ndi nyama zina zambiri zam'madzi zimadya ma crustaceans nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri amakhala nyama ya molluscs, mbalame zam'nyanja, nsomba za benthic ngakhalenso nyama zoyamwitsa. Nkhanu zilibe zida zolimbana ndi adani awo, zimangoyesa kuthawa pakagwa ngozi kapena kubisala pakati pamasamba a zomerazo, zikafika poipa, ma crustaceans amatha kuyesa kuwopseza mdani wawo ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito chisokonezo chake, kuthawa. Nkhanu, zokhala ndi mitundu yobisa, zimatha kutengera mtundu wa pansi pamchenga, komanso, ngati kuli kofunikira, zimasintha msanga mtundu kutengera chilengedwe ndi mtundu wa chilengedwe.
Shrimp amakhalanso ndi nsomba zamalonda. Molluscs awa amapezeka kwambiri mu Nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Chaka chilichonse, matani opitilira 3.5 miliyoni a nkhanu zam'madzi amatengedwa m'madzi amchere pogwiritsa ntchito kutsikira pansi, komwe kumawononga kwathunthu malo okhala nkhanu mpaka zaka makumi anayi.
Chosangalatsa: Palibe zamoyo zilizonse pansi pa dzina la sayansi "shrimp" shrimp, monga mitundu yonse ikuluikulu ya nyamazi amatchedwa. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndi akambuku akuda akuda, omwe amatha kutalika masentimita 36 ndikulemera mpaka magalamu 650.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Shrimp ofiira
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa adani achilengedwe, kuchuluka kwakuchepa kwa mphutsi komanso kusodza mwachangu, mtundu wa mitunduyi pakadali pano ndiwokhazikika ndipo palibe mantha kuti mtundu uwu wa crustacean usowa kwathunthu. Shrimps ali ndi chonde chodabwitsa, amatha kubwezeretsa mwachangu anthu - izi ndi zomwe zimawapulumutsa kuwonongedwa kwathunthu.
Pali lingaliro loti nkhanu zimatha kuwongolera anthu awo mosadalira:
- ndi kukula kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya komwe kukubwera, amayamba kubala ana pafupipafupi;
- ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa manambala, mollusks amaberekanso kwambiri.
Zambiri mwa nkhanu zazikuluzikulu komanso zazikuluzikulu, zomwe zimakhala zazitali masentimita 37, zimalimidwa m'minda ya nkhanu. Chifukwa chapaderadera pakugwira ntchito kwa mafamu, tanthauzo la zakudya, nyama ya ma crustaceans ili ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Nsomba zabwino kwambiri ndi zomwe zimamera mwachilengedwe m'madzi ozizira, ozizira.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: M'nyengo yotentha ndi masika, magombe a Japan amawala mumdima chifukwa cha nkhanu zowala zomwe zimakhala mumchenga ndikuwonekera pamafunde ochepa. Phokoso la kudina shrimp limatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a submarine sonars - the sonar imangomva kaphokoso kopitilira phokoso.
Shirimpi - zomwe zimawonongedwa mwachangu pazakudya, zowetedwa m'madzi am'madzi, koma amadziwa zochepa chabe za cholengedwa chachilendo ichi, chomwe chimagwira gawo lofunikira m'zinthu zam'madzi am'nyanja. Izi sizongokhala zokoma kapena zowonjezera mu mbale zotchuka, koma chamoyo chapadera chomwe chimadabwitsa ndikusangalala ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 07/29/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 07/29/2019 pa 21:22
