Rapan - Ichi ndi nyama yolusa ya gastropod mollusk, yomwe imafalikira pagombe la Black Sea. Mitunduyi imagawidwa m'magulu angapo, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera akunja komanso dera lokhalamo. Lero, rapan imagwidwa ngati chakudya. M'madera ena, zimawoneka ngati chakudya chapadera. Ndi nyama yoyera yokha yomwe imadyedwa - ndiye kuti, mwendo wake waminyewa. Pafupifupi aliyense yemwe adachitapo tchuthi pagombe la Black Sea ali ndi chipolopolo kuchokera kunyanja ngati chikumbutso kunyumba.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Rapan
Ma rapan ndi amtundu wa nyama, mtundu wa molluscs, gulu la ma gastropods, banja la muricides, mtundu wa rapana. Asayansi amati nkhono zamakono zomwe zimadya nyama zimachokera ku rap rap yaku Far East, yomwe imakhala m'madzi ambiri m'nyanja ya Japan. Anapezeka koyamba mu 1947 ku Tsemesskaya Bay mumzinda wa Novorossiysk.
Kanema: Rapan
Akatswiri azachipatala amati pafupifupi chaka chimodzi m'mbuyomo, sitima yomwe idadutsa ku Far East kapena doko inali italumikiza cholumikizira cha mollusk ichi mbali imodzi, ndipo limodzi ndi sitimayo idasamukira ku Black Sea. Poyamba, mtundu uwu wa nkhono zam'madzi umakhala ku Peter the Great Bay, yomwe imaphatikizapo gombe la Nyanja ya Okhotsk, gombe lakumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean, Nyanja ya Japan, ndi madera a Far Eastern a Russian Federation. M'madera ambiri, nthumwi zazikuluzikuluzi ndizomwe zimaimira nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyama.
Mtundu wa mollusk utalowa m'nyanja ya Black Sea, idafalikira mwachangu kumadera ambiri: Sevastopol, Cossack Bay, Nyanja ya Mediterranean, North Sea. Poyamba, anthu samadziwa choti achite ndi kuchuluka kwakukula kwa zamoyo zam'madzi, koma pang'onopang'ono adaphunzira kupanga zopangira zokongola kuchokera ku rapa, komanso kukonzekera zophikira zenizeni kuchokera kwa iwo.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi rapan amawoneka bwanji
Rapan ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi oimira gulu ili la nyama zam'madzi. Ili ndi thupi lofewa komanso chipolopolo chomwe chimateteza. Chipolopolocho chimakhala chachifupi, chokhala ngati mawonekedwe, chopindika pang'ono. Mtundu wa chipolopolocho ukhoza kukhala wosiyanasiyana: kuyambira beige, bulauni wonyezimira, mpaka mdima, burgundy, kapena pafupifupi wakuda. Pali nthiti zotuluka kumbuyo kwake. Nthiti zamphepete zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena mabala akuda. Kuchokera mkati, chipolopolocho nthawi zambiri chimakhala chowala lalanje, pafupifupi lalanje.
Chipolopolocho chimagwira ntchito yoteteza ndipo chimapewa kuwonongeka kwa thupi lofewa la mollusk. Kuphatikiza pa ma tubercles, chipolopolocho chimakhala ndi minyewa yaying'ono. Kukula kwa thupi ndi zipolopolo mwa anthu osiyanasiyana kumatha kusiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, zimatengera zaka za munthuyo. Mitundu yakum'maŵa kwakutali imafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 18-20 pafupifupi zaka 8-10, nkhono zakuda zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 12-14. Khomo lolowera mnyumbamo ndi lotambalala, lokutidwa ndi shutter. Ngati brapana azindikira kuyandikira kwa ngozi, amatseka mwamphamvu zitseko, kutseka mnyumbamo.
Chosangalatsa: Oimira awa a zinyama zam'madzi ndi zinyama ali ndi chotupa chapadera chomwe chimapanga enzyme yofiira ndimu. Omasulidwa kumalo akunja, amathandizana ndi mpweya, chifukwa chake amapeza utoto wowala. M'nthawi zakale, mtundu uwu unali chizindikiro cha mphamvu ndi ukulu.
Rapana amasiyana ndi nyama zina mwa kukhalapo kwa lilime lakuthwa, lomwe limagwira ntchito yoboola, kubowola zipolopolo za nkhono zomwe zimakhala chakudya. Chipolopolocho, limodzi ndi nkhono, chimakula pafupifupi moyo wonse wa mollusk, nthawi zingapo zimachedwetsa kukula, kenako zimawonjezeranso.
Kodi rapan amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Black Sea Rapan
Rapana amakhala m'mbali mwa nyanja za matupi osiyanasiyana amadzi. Dera lomwe amakhala limakhala mpaka 40-50 metres kuchokera pagombe. Nyanja za ku Far East zimawerengedwa ngati kwawo kwawo kwa mollusk. Pakati pa zaka za zana la 20, adabweretsedwa kudera la Black Sea, komwe adafalikira mwachangu.
Geographic madera okhala mollusc:
- Madera Akum'mawa kwa Russian Federation;
- Nyanja ya Okhotsk;
- Nyanja ya Japan;
- Nyanja ya Western Pacific;
- Nyanja Yakuda ku Sevastopol;
- Kherson;
- Republic of Abkhazia;
- Nyanja ya Mediterranean;
- Chesapeake Bay;
- Pakamwa pa Mtsinje wa Uruguay;
- Madera akumwera chakum'mawa kwa gombe la South America.
Nyanja Yakuda imasiyanitsidwa ndi malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi nthumwi izi. Pali mulingo wofunikira wamchere komanso chakudya chokwanira. Molluscs ochepa amapezeka m'nyanja za Adriatic, North, Marmara. Mu Nyanja Yakuda, anthu a brapana ndiokwera kwambiri chifukwa chakusowa kwa adani achilengedwe omwe amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa zamoyo zam'madzi mwachilengedwe. Rapana sizikusiyana ndi zofunika okhwima pa moyo. Samasankha dera lokhalamo madzi kapena mtundu wake. Amakhala omasuka m'nthaka yamiyala komanso pamiyala.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe rapan amapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe mollusk amadya.
Kodi rapan amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Rapan munyanja
Rapan mwachilengedwe ndi wolusa. Zimakhudzanso mitundu ina ya zamoyo zam'madzi. Kwa izi ali ndi chilankhulo cholimba, champhamvu komanso chovuta kwambiri. Ndi mollusk, mollusk imaboola mabowo mosavuta ndikudya nyama ndi zamoyo zam'madzi. Nthawi zina, nkhono sizivutitsa ndikupanga chibowo, koma imangotsegula chipolopolocho mothandizidwa ndi mwendo wolimba, imatulutsa poyizoni ndikudya zomwe zili mkatimo. Pakadali pano, chiwerewere chikuwonjezeka kwambiri, makamaka ku Black Sea. Rapana pafupifupi saopa aliyense, kupatula nyenyezi zam'madzi, zomwe zimamuwopseza kwenikweni.
Zomwe zimakhala ngati fodya:
- nkhono;
- zikwangwani;
- zing'onoting'ono zazing'ono;
- nsangalabwi, nkhanu zamwala;
- mamazelo;
- zikwangwani;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya molluscs.
Zitsanzo zazing'ono za brapana zimakhala pansi ndikudya plankton koyamba pambuyo pobadwa. Mollusk ili ndi mitundu iwiri iwiri. Magulu awiri amaso ndi awiri apambuyo. Amagwira ntchito yokhudza kukhudza ndikuthandizira kupeza chakudya. Ndi chithandizo chawo, amazindikira oimira nyama zam'madzi ndi zamoyo, zomwe amatha kudya zomwe sangathe.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Shell Rapan
Anthu ambiri amakhala akuya pafupifupi mita 40-50. Mwendo wolimba umawathandiza kuyenda pansi kapena paliponse paliponse. Nthawi zambiri, amaimikidwa pamiyala kapena pansi ndipo amatha nthawi yawo yambiri ali pamenepo. Molluscs amakula ndikukula msanga kwambiri. Mphutsizo zitasanduka zigwiriro zenizeni za achikulire, zimasanduka nyama zolusa zenizeni. Chifukwa chakupezeka kwa lilime lolimba, amatha kudya chilichonse chomwe chingawadye. Zigoba zolimba sizowalepheretsa.
Molluscs ndi zolengedwa zosachedwa komanso zosafulumira. Imayenda pansi mothandizidwa ndi chiwalo champhamvu, ndikupinda chivundikiro chakumbuyo chammbuyo. Mutu wa mollusk nthawi zonse umakhala wokangalika, kutembenukira komwe komwe kumabweretsa fungo la chakudya chotheka. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa achikulire sikupitilira masentimita 20 pamphindi.
Mu bata, liwiro la kuyenda ndi masentimita 10-11 pamphindi. Mollusks amayendetsedwa pafupipafupi kuti apeze chakudya. Mpweya umachitika mwa kusefa madzi am'nyanja. Kupuma kumachitika kudzera pamalopo omwe alipo kale. Zaka zapakati pazamoyo zamtunduwu ndi zaka 13-15.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Rapan ku Black Sea
Ma rapan ndi zolengedwa zosokonekera. Amuna ndi akazi pafupifupi alibe kusiyana kwina kulikonse. Pakati pa nyengo yoswana, nkhono zimasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, omwe chiwerengero chawo chimafika pa 20-30. Pakati pawo pali amuna ndi akazi. Nthawi yoswana ili mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe - kumapeto kwa Julayi, Ogasiti. Kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembala, kuchuluka kwa ziphuphu kumachepa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yoberekera ikutha pang'onopang'ono.
Molluscs ndizinthu zolemera kwambiri. Mzimayi wokhwima pogonana amayikira mazira pafupifupi 600-1300. Mazirawo ali mu makapisozi apadera omwe amalumikizana ndi zomera zam'madzi, miyala yamchere yamchere, ndi zinthu zina zapansi panyanja. Ngakhale mu kapisozi ndi brapana akuyamba masoka, imene anthu amphamvu kwambiri kupulumuka. Chofunika kwambiri pakukhalapo mu thumba la kapisozi chimadya zotsekemera zazing'ono komanso zofooka. Chifukwa cha izi, amapulumuka ndikupeza mphamvu.
Atasiya chikwama cha kapisozi, achifwamba nthawi yomweyo amakhala pansi panyanja ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wofanana ndi wa akuluakulu. Amakhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha ndikupeza chakudya chawo. Chakudya choyambirira makamaka ndimadzi am'madzi.
Natural adani a brine
Chithunzi: Rapana shell
M'nyanja mulibe zolengedwa zilizonse zomwe zimadya nyama zina. Nyama yokhayo yomwe imawopseza nkhono ndi starfish. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa adani akuluakulu a mollusk posachedwa kwatsika mpaka kumapeto. Pachifukwa ichi, sikuti kuchuluka kwa nkhono zawonjezeka, komanso mtundu wamadzi am'nyanja wasokonekera kwambiri.
Izi ndichifukwa choti nkhono zam'madzi m'malo ambiri okhala zimakhala pafupifupi zowonongera mitundu ina ya molluscs. Ku Black Sea, vutoli likukula padziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi ndi nthawi, chilombo choterechi chimakodwa kwambiri. Koma izi sizikhala ndi vuto lililonse pamitundu yonse ya molluscs.
M'madera ena, nkhanu ndiye gwero la nkhanu ku Black Sea, yomwe imazidya mosavuta, ngakhale zitakhala zotetezeka, zotetezeka ngati chipolopolo choteteza. M'madera momwe nsomba zazinkhanira ndizokwera kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa nkhono zolusa zikuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Akatswiri a zoologist amanenanso kuti kudera la Far Eastern Russia, kuchuluka kwa nkhono zikuchepa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kuzizira kozizira komanso kusintha kwakanthawi kwanyengo. Rapan alibe adani ena achilengedwe komanso zifukwa zotsikira anthu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Kodi rapan amawoneka bwanji
Masiku ano rapa alipo ambiri. Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa nkhono zimawonedwa mu Nyanja Yakuda. Kuchuluka kwa oyimira nyamazi ndi nyama zomwe zasudzulana chifukwa chakuchepa kwakanthawi kwa nyenyezi. Kukula kwa chiwerengero cha nkhono kumakhudza kwambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi zinyama m'madera omwe kuchuluka kwake kuli kwakukulu.
M'malo ena, anthu ambiri a mollusks anali atafafanizidwa kwathunthu ndi rapa. Izi zidasokoneza kuyera kwa madzi am'nyanja, chifukwa mitundu ina yomwe idasowa idasefa madzi am'nyanja, ndikudutsamo. Komabe, kuphatikiza pakuwonongeka komwe nkhono zimapangitsanso, zimapindulitsanso.
Rapan nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chosiyidwa ngati nyumba yake. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhono zambiri zimawerengedwa kuti apeze nyambo kuti asodzire bwino. Mwendo wachisoni ndi chakudya chokoma chomwe chikufunika pakati pa oyang'anira oyang'anira padziko lonse lapansi. Pachifukwa ichi, nkhono za nkhono nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa, ndipo mmadera ena ngakhale pamafakitale. Ophika ambiri odziwika ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi amagula nkhono kuti akonze zophikira zenizeni. Mphepete mwa nyanja, m'malo okhala mollusks, pali malo ogulitsira zinthu omwe mungagule zipolopolo zamitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, izi sizimakhudza anthu ochulukirapo kwambiri.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 07/24/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 09/29/2019 pa 19:52
